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2021 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

5. EU Debates in National Arenas

Author : Stella Gianfreda

Published in: Where Do the Parties Stand?

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

European politics is increasingly contested along two dimensions: the economic left-right dimension and a relatively new dimension focused on European integration and immigration. This chapter aims to compare the strategies adopted by mainstream and populist parties to compete on EU issues in national parliaments. The analysis reveals that support for the EU is no longer unconditional, even for mainstream left parties of both countries, which criticise certain aspects of the functioning of the EU, although they do not dispute the European horizon towards which their country needs to move. On the contrary, mainstream right parties, both in Italy and in the UK, express principled Eurosceptic positions towards the process of EU integration and towards EU institutions, mainly criticising the legitimacy of EU institutions. Populist radical right parties (LN and the UKIP) hold principled negative stances towards all the EU targets and link closely anti-immigration attitudes with anti-EU attitudes using both legitimacy and sovereigntist frames. Conversely, the M5S holds much more nuanced positions towards the EU. The chameleonic nature of the M5S is explained by its nature as a ‘pure’ populist party.

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previous chapter Immigration Debates in National Arenas
next chapter Debating Immigration and the EU in the EP
Footnotes
1
The low frequency is due to the limited number of debates on the issue of the European Union undertaken in the House of Commons. Nevertheless, keyness is above the cut-off point of 6.63, and therefore still significant.
 
2
At the time of writing (March 2021), the pandemic crisis has led to the collapse of the coalition government formed by the PD and the M5S, and the formation of a pro-European government led by Mario Draghi, one of the major representatives of the European institutions. Perhaps surprisingly, Draghi’s cabinet has been supported also by the LN, a traditionally fierce Eurosceptic party. This can be perhaps explained by the exceptional situation in which the Draghi’s cabinet has been formed. On the one side, Italy (and Europe) is facing the biggest health and social crisis ever seen. On the other side, the European Union has taken unprecedented decisions to counter the socio-economic effects of the sanitary crisis. Notwithstanding the initial opposition of the “frugal four” (Denmark, the Netherlands, Sweden and Austria), the EU has been able to finally implement significant redistributive measures – most notably the Next Generation EU Fund – towards those countries most affected by the crisis. To some extent, the formation of a grand-coalition pro-EU government could be explained by the effect of the pandemic on national politics. However, this aspect is beyond the scope of this book.
 
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Metadata
Title
EU Debates in National Arenas
Author
Stella Gianfreda
Copyright Year
2021
Book
Where Do the Parties Stand?

Print ISBN: 978-3-030-77587-2

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-030-77588-9

Copyright Year: 2021

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77588-9_5