Evaluation between Science and Utility

In the 21st century, evaluation has developed into a key concept for societal change. The evaluation boom that can be observed worldwide (cf. Rodríguez-Bilella and Lucero, Chapter 5) is linked to two premises that originate from the theory of modernization: on the one hand there is the belief that societies develop to become more productive, more just, more democratic and more competitive. On the other hand, people are convinced that these processes are dirigible (cf. Chapters 2 and 3 in this volume, by Stockmann and Dahler-Larsen). An essential role is allocated to science here: to deliver the insights that are necessary for the reshaping of society and the management of the processes necessary to achieve it.