Skip to main content
Top

2018 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

24. Executive Elites

Author : Luca Verzichelli

Published in: The Palgrave Handbook of Political Elites

Publisher: Palgrave Macmillan UK

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

After a short review of studies of executive elites in the classics of political sociology and political science, this chapter provides a comprehensive assessment of three main aspects of the research literature: results achieved by scholars working on the process of top elite formation, focusing on the causes and consequences of selection (and de-selection) of ministers from a comparative perspective; the importance of executive appointments as a fundamental “payoff” of democratic governance, whereby executive spoils can be considered as an important stake in the game of distribution among parties (the case of coalition governance) or those aspiring to the role of national political leader; and the outcomes of recent studies on the behaviors of executive elites. Contributions inspired by different conceptual frameworks, ranging from the party-government to the principal-agent framework, are illustrated. Problems facing executive elites today are examined in light of current challenges to representative democracy and “anti-political” rhetoric.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literature
go back to reference Aberbach, J., Putnam, R. D., & Rockman, B. (1981). Bureaucrats and Politicians in Western Democracies. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. Aberbach, J., Putnam, R. D., & Rockman, B. (1981). Bureaucrats and Politicians in Western Democracies. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
go back to reference Almond, G. A., & Powell, G. B. (1966). Comparative Politics. A Developmental Approach. Boston: Little Brown. Almond, G. A., & Powell, G. B. (1966). Comparative Politics. A Developmental Approach. Boston: Little Brown.
go back to reference Andeweg, R. B. (2000). Ministers as Double Agents? The Delegation Process Between Cabinet and Ministers. European Journal of Political Research, 37(3), 377–395. Andeweg, R. B. (2000). Ministers as Double Agents? The Delegation Process Between Cabinet and Ministers. European Journal of Political Research, 37(3), 377–395.
go back to reference Armstrong, J. A. (1973). The European Administrative Elite. Princeton: Princeton University Press. Armstrong, J. A. (1973). The European Administrative Elite. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
go back to reference Bäck, H., Debus, M., & Dumont, P. (2011). Who Gets What in Coalition Governments? Predictors of Portfolio Allocation in Parliamentary Democracies. European Journal of Political Research, 50(4), 441–478.CrossRef Bäck, H., Debus, M., & Dumont, P. (2011). Who Gets What in Coalition Governments? Predictors of Portfolio Allocation in Parliamentary Democracies. European Journal of Political Research, 50(4), 441–478.CrossRef
go back to reference Bakema, W. E. (1991). The Ministerial Career. In J. Blondel & J. L. Thiébault (Eds.), The Profession of Government Minister in Western Europe (pp. 70–99). London: Macmillan.CrossRef Bakema, W. E. (1991). The Ministerial Career. In J. Blondel & J. L. Thiébault (Eds.), The Profession of Government Minister in Western Europe (pp. 70–99). London: Macmillan.CrossRef
go back to reference Bergmann, T., Strøm, K., & Mueller, W. (Eds.). (2003). Delegation and Accountability in Parliamentary Democracies (pp. 55–106). Oxford: Oxford University Press.CrossRef Bergmann, T., Strøm, K., & Mueller, W. (Eds.). (2003). Delegation and Accountability in Parliamentary Democracies (pp. 55–106). Oxford: Oxford University Press.CrossRef
go back to reference Berlinski, S., Dewan, T., & Dowding, K. (2007). The Length of Ministerial Tenure in the UK, 1945–97’. British Journal of Political Science, 37(2), 245–262.CrossRef Berlinski, S., Dewan, T., & Dowding, K. (2007). The Length of Ministerial Tenure in the UK, 1945–97’. British Journal of Political Science, 37(2), 245–262.CrossRef
go back to reference Berlinski, S., Dewan, T., & Dowding, K. (2012). Accounting for Ministers: Scandal and Survival in British Government 1945–2007. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRef Berlinski, S., Dewan, T., & Dowding, K. (2012). Accounting for Ministers: Scandal and Survival in British Government 1945–2007. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRef
go back to reference Bermeo, N., Costa Pinto, A., & Tavares de Almeida, P. (Eds.). (2003). Who Governs Southern Europe? Regime Change and Ministerial Recruitment, 1850–2000. London: Frank Cass. Bermeo, N., Costa Pinto, A., & Tavares de Almeida, P. (Eds.). (2003). Who Governs Southern Europe? Regime Change and Ministerial Recruitment, 1850–2000. London: Frank Cass.
go back to reference Blondel, J. (1980). World Leaders: Heads of Government in the Postwar Period. London: Sage. Blondel, J. (1980). World Leaders: Heads of Government in the Postwar Period. London: Sage.
go back to reference Blondel, J. (1985). Government Ministers in the Contemporary World. London: Sage. Blondel, J. (1985). Government Ministers in the Contemporary World. London: Sage.
go back to reference Blondel, J., & Mueller-Rommel, F. (Eds.). (1993). Governing Together: The Extent and Limits of Joint Decision-Making in Western European National Cabinets. London: Macmillan Press. Blondel, J., & Mueller-Rommel, F. (Eds.). (1993). Governing Together: The Extent and Limits of Joint Decision-Making in Western European National Cabinets. London: Macmillan Press.
go back to reference Blondel, J., & Thiebault, J. L. (Eds.). (1991). The Profession of Government Ministers in Western Democracies. London: Sage. Blondel, J., & Thiebault, J. L. (Eds.). (1991). The Profession of Government Ministers in Western Democracies. London: Sage.
go back to reference Blondel, J., Müller-Rommel, F., & Malova, D. (2007). Governing New European Democracies. Basingstoke: Palgrave.CrossRef Blondel, J., Müller-Rommel, F., & Malova, D. (2007). Governing New European Democracies. Basingstoke: Palgrave.CrossRef
go back to reference Bogdanor, V. (Ed.). (1983). Coalition Governments in Western Europe. London: Heinemann. Bogdanor, V. (Ed.). (1983). Coalition Governments in Western Europe. London: Heinemann.
go back to reference Bright, J., Doering, H., & Little, C. (2015). Ministerial Importance and Survival in Government. Tough at the Top? West European Politics, 38, 441–464.CrossRef Bright, J., Doering, H., & Little, C. (2015). Ministerial Importance and Survival in Government. Tough at the Top? West European Politics, 38, 441–464.CrossRef
go back to reference Browne, E. C., & Dreijmanis, J. (Eds.). (1982). Government Coalitions in Western Democracies. New York: Longman. Browne, E. C., & Dreijmanis, J. (Eds.). (1982). Government Coalitions in Western Democracies. New York: Longman.
go back to reference Browne, E. C., & Franklin, M. (1973). Aspects of Coalition Payoffs in European Parliamentary Democracies. American Political Science Review, 67(2), 453–469.CrossRef Browne, E. C., & Franklin, M. (1973). Aspects of Coalition Payoffs in European Parliamentary Democracies. American Political Science Review, 67(2), 453–469.CrossRef
go back to reference Bucur, C. (2017). Cabinet Ministers Under Competing Pressures. President, Prime Ministers and Political Parties in Semi-Presidential Systems. Comparative European Politics, 15(2), 180–203.CrossRef Bucur, C. (2017). Cabinet Ministers Under Competing Pressures. President, Prime Ministers and Political Parties in Semi-Presidential Systems. Comparative European Politics, 15(2), 180–203.CrossRef
go back to reference Budge, I., & Keman, H. (1990). Parties and Democracy: Coalition Formation and Government Functioning in Twenty States. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Budge, I., & Keman, H. (1990). Parties and Democracy: Coalition Formation and Government Functioning in Twenty States. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
go back to reference Camerlo, M. (2015). Argentina. The Ministers of President. In K. Dowding & P. Dumont (Eds.), The Selection of Ministers Around the World (pp. 223–243). London: Routledge. Camerlo, M. (2015). Argentina. The Ministers of President. In K. Dowding & P. Dumont (Eds.), The Selection of Ministers Around the World (pp. 223–243). London: Routledge.
go back to reference Carroll, R., & Cox, G. W. (2012). Shadowing Ministers: Monitoring Partners in Coalition Governments. Comparative Political Studies, 45(2), 220–236.CrossRef Carroll, R., & Cox, G. W. (2012). Shadowing Ministers: Monitoring Partners in Coalition Governments. Comparative Political Studies, 45(2), 220–236.CrossRef
go back to reference Costa Pinto, A., Cotta, M., & Tavares de Almeida, P. (Eds.). (2017). Technocratic Ministers and Political Leadership in European Democracies. London: Palgrave. Costa Pinto, A., Cotta, M., & Tavares de Almeida, P. (Eds.). (2017). Technocratic Ministers and Political Leadership in European Democracies. London: Palgrave.
go back to reference Dahl, R. A. (1963). Modern Political Analysis. Prentice Hall: Englewood Cliffs. Dahl, R. A. (1963). Modern Political Analysis. Prentice Hall: Englewood Cliffs.
go back to reference De Winter, L. (1991). Parliamentary and Party Pathways to the Cabinet. In J. Blondel & J. L. Thiébault (Eds.), The Profession of Government Minister in Western Europe (pp. 44–69). London: Macmillan.CrossRef De Winter, L. (1991). Parliamentary and Party Pathways to the Cabinet. In J. Blondel & J. L. Thiébault (Eds.), The Profession of Government Minister in Western Europe (pp. 44–69). London: Macmillan.CrossRef
go back to reference Dekmejian, R. H. (1975). Patterns of Political Leadership. New York: SUNY Press. Dekmejian, R. H. (1975). Patterns of Political Leadership. New York: SUNY Press.
go back to reference Dogan, M. (Ed.). (1975). The Mandarins of Western Europe: Political Role of Top Civil Servants. London: Sage. Dogan, M. (Ed.). (1975). The Mandarins of Western Europe: Political Role of Top Civil Servants. London: Sage.
go back to reference Dogan, M. (1981). Introduction: La Sélection des Ministres dans diverse régimes Politiques. International Political Science Review, 2, 129–137.CrossRef Dogan, M. (1981). Introduction: La Sélection des Ministres dans diverse régimes Politiques. International Political Science Review, 2, 129–137.CrossRef
go back to reference Dogan, M. (Ed.). (1989). Pathways to Power: Selecting Rulers in Pluralist Democracies. San Francisco: Westview Press. Dogan, M. (Ed.). (1989). Pathways to Power: Selecting Rulers in Pluralist Democracies. San Francisco: Westview Press.
go back to reference Dowding, K., & Dumont, P. (Eds.). (2009). The Selection of Ministers in Europe: Hiring and Firing. London: Routledge. Dowding, K., & Dumont, P. (Eds.). (2009). The Selection of Ministers in Europe: Hiring and Firing. London: Routledge.
go back to reference Dowding, K., & Dumont, P. (Eds.). (2015). The Selection of Ministers Around the World. London: Routledge. Dowding, K., & Dumont, P. (Eds.). (2015). The Selection of Ministers Around the World. London: Routledge.
go back to reference Druckmann, J. N., & Warwick, P. V. (2005). The Missing Piece: Measuring Portfolio Salience in Western European Democracies. European Journal of Political Research, 44(1), 17–42.CrossRef Druckmann, J. N., & Warwick, P. V. (2005). The Missing Piece: Measuring Portfolio Salience in Western European Democracies. European Journal of Political Research, 44(1), 17–42.CrossRef
go back to reference Dumont, P., & Verzichelli, L. (2015). Selection and De-selection of Ministers. In J. Magone (Ed.), Routledge Handbook of European Politics (pp. 451–465). London: Routledge. Dumont, P., & Verzichelli, L. (2015). Selection and De-selection of Ministers. In J. Magone (Ed.), Routledge Handbook of European Politics (pp. 451–465). London: Routledge.
go back to reference Edinger, L. J. (1964). Political Science and Political Biography (II). Reflections on the Study of Leadership. The Journal of Politics., 26, 648–676.CrossRef Edinger, L. J. (1964). Political Science and Political Biography (II). Reflections on the Study of Leadership. The Journal of Politics., 26, 648–676.CrossRef
go back to reference Edinger, L. (Ed.). (1967). Political Leadership in Industrialized Societies. New York: Wiley. Edinger, L. (Ed.). (1967). Political Leadership in Industrialized Societies. New York: Wiley.
go back to reference Fischer, J., Dowding, K., & Dumont, P. (2012). The Duration and Durability of Cabinet Ministers. International Political Science Review, 33(5), 505–519.CrossRef Fischer, J., Dowding, K., & Dumont, P. (2012). The Duration and Durability of Cabinet Ministers. International Political Science Review, 33(5), 505–519.CrossRef
go back to reference Gamson, W. (1961). A Theory of Coalition Formation. American Sociological Review, 26(3), 373–382.CrossRef Gamson, W. (1961). A Theory of Coalition Formation. American Sociological Review, 26(3), 373–382.CrossRef
go back to reference Headey, B. (1974). British Cabinet Ministers. London: Allen & Unwin. Headey, B. (1974). British Cabinet Ministers. London: Allen & Unwin.
go back to reference Helms, L. (2005). Presidents, Prime Ministers & Chancellors. London: Palgrave.CrossRef Helms, L. (2005). Presidents, Prime Ministers & Chancellors. London: Palgrave.CrossRef
go back to reference Huber, J. D., & Martinez-Gallardo, C. (2008). Replacing Cabinet Ministers: Patterns of Ministerial Stability in Parliamentary Democracies. American Political Science Review, 102(2), 169–180.CrossRef Huber, J. D., & Martinez-Gallardo, C. (2008). Replacing Cabinet Ministers: Patterns of Ministerial Stability in Parliamentary Democracies. American Political Science Review, 102(2), 169–180.CrossRef
go back to reference Indridason, I. H., & Kam, C. (2008). Cabinet Reshuffles and Ministerial Drift. British Journal of Political Science, 38(4), 621–656.CrossRef Indridason, I. H., & Kam, C. (2008). Cabinet Reshuffles and Ministerial Drift. British Journal of Political Science, 38(4), 621–656.CrossRef
go back to reference Keman, H. (1991). Control of Ministers and Ministries in Western Europe. In J. Blondel & J. L. Thiebault (Eds.), The Profession of Minister (pp. 99–118). London: Macmillan Press. Keman, H. (1991). Control of Ministers and Ministries in Western Europe. In J. Blondel & J. L. Thiebault (Eds.), The Profession of Minister (pp. 99–118). London: Macmillan Press.
go back to reference King, A. (1969). The British Prime Minister. London: Macmillan. King, A. (1969). The British Prime Minister. London: Macmillan.
go back to reference Lane, J. E. (2000). The New Public Management. London: Routledge. Lane, J. E. (2000). The New Public Management. London: Routledge.
go back to reference Lasswell, H. (1936). Politics. Who Gets What, When, How. New York: Whittlesey House. Lasswell, H. (1936). Politics. Who Gets What, When, How. New York: Whittlesey House.
go back to reference Laver, M., & Shepsle, K. A. (1990). Government Coalitions and Intraparty Politics. British Journal of Political Science, 20(4), 489–507.CrossRef Laver, M., & Shepsle, K. A. (1990). Government Coalitions and Intraparty Politics. British Journal of Political Science, 20(4), 489–507.CrossRef
go back to reference Laver, M., & Shepsle, K. (1996). Making and Breaking Governments: Cabinets and Legislatures in Parliamentary Democracies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRef Laver, M., & Shepsle, K. (1996). Making and Breaking Governments: Cabinets and Legislatures in Parliamentary Democracies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRef
go back to reference Lipsmeyer, C. S., & Pierce, H. N. (2011). The Eyes that Bind: Junior Ministers as Oversight Mechanisms in Coalition Governments. Journal of Politics, 73(4), 1152–1164.CrossRef Lipsmeyer, C. S., & Pierce, H. N. (2011). The Eyes that Bind: Junior Ministers as Oversight Mechanisms in Coalition Governments. Journal of Politics, 73(4), 1152–1164.CrossRef
go back to reference McDonnell, D., & Valbruzzi, M. (2014). Defining and Classifying Technocrat-led and Technocratic Governments. European Journal of Political Research, 53(4), 654–671.CrossRef McDonnell, D., & Valbruzzi, M. (2014). Defining and Classifying Technocrat-led and Technocratic Governments. European Journal of Political Research, 53(4), 654–671.CrossRef
go back to reference Mueller, W. C., & Philipp, W. (1991). Prime Ministers and Other Governmental. In J. Blondel & J. L. Thiébault (Eds.), The Profession of Government Minister in Western Europe (pp. 136–159). London: Macmillan.CrossRef Mueller, W. C., & Philipp, W. (1991). Prime Ministers and Other Governmental. In J. Blondel & J. L. Thiébault (Eds.), The Profession of Government Minister in Western Europe (pp. 136–159). London: Macmillan.CrossRef
go back to reference Mueller-Rommel, F., Fettelschoss, K., & Harfst, P. (2004). Governments in Central Eastern European Democracies. A Data Collection. European Journal of Political Research, 43, 869–893.CrossRef Mueller-Rommel, F., Fettelschoss, K., & Harfst, P. (2004). Governments in Central Eastern European Democracies. A Data Collection. European Journal of Political Research, 43, 869–893.CrossRef
go back to reference Niskanen, W. A. (1971). Bureaucracy and Representative Government. Chicago: Aldine-Atherton. Niskanen, W. A. (1971). Bureaucracy and Representative Government. Chicago: Aldine-Atherton.
go back to reference Page, E. C., & Wright, V. (Eds.). (1999). Bureaucratic Elites in Western European States. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Page, E. C., & Wright, V. (Eds.). (1999). Bureaucratic Elites in Western European States. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
go back to reference Page, E. C., & Wright, V. (Eds.). (2007). From the Active to the Enabling State. The Changing Role of Top Officials in European Nations. London: Palgrave. Page, E. C., & Wright, V. (Eds.). (2007). From the Active to the Enabling State. The Changing Role of Top Officials in European Nations. London: Palgrave.
go back to reference Pastorella, G. (2015). Technocratic Governments in Europe: Getting the Critique Right. Political Studies, early view. Pastorella, G. (2015). Technocratic Governments in Europe: Getting the Critique Right. Political Studies, early view.
go back to reference Peters, B. G. (1987). Politicians and Bureaucrats in the Politics of Policy making. In I. E. Lane (Ed.), Bureaucracy and Public Choice (pp. 125–148). London: Sage. Peters, B. G. (1987). Politicians and Bureaucrats in the Politics of Policy making. In I. E. Lane (Ed.), Bureaucracy and Public Choice (pp. 125–148). London: Sage.
go back to reference Putnam, R. D. (1976). The Comparative Study of Political Elites. Englewood Cliff: Prentice Hall. Putnam, R. D. (1976). The Comparative Study of Political Elites. Englewood Cliff: Prentice Hall.
go back to reference Rhodes, R. A., & Dunleavy, P. (Eds.). (1995). Prime Minister, Cabinet and Core Executive. London: Palgrave. Rhodes, R. A., & Dunleavy, P. (Eds.). (1995). Prime Minister, Cabinet and Core Executive. London: Palgrave.
go back to reference Rose, R. (1984). Understanding Big Government. London: Sage. Rose, R. (1984). Understanding Big Government. London: Sage.
go back to reference Rose, R. (1987). Ministers and Ministries. A Functional Analysis. Oxford: Clarendon Press. Rose, R. (1987). Ministers and Ministries. A Functional Analysis. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
go back to reference Schlesinger, J. (1966). Ambition and Politics. Chicago: Rand McNally. Schlesinger, J. (1966). Ambition and Politics. Chicago: Rand McNally.
go back to reference Slavelis, P. M., & Baruch Galvan, H. (2015). Chile: Ministerial Selection and De-selection. In K. Dowding & P. Dumont (Eds.), The Selection of Ministers Around the World (pp. 244–263). London: Routledge. Slavelis, P. M., & Baruch Galvan, H. (2015). Chile: Ministerial Selection and De-selection. In K. Dowding & P. Dumont (Eds.), The Selection of Ministers Around the World (pp. 244–263). London: Routledge.
go back to reference Strøm, K. (2000). Delegation and Accountability in Parliamentary Democracies. European Journal of Political Research, 37(3), 261–289. Strøm, K. (2000). Delegation and Accountability in Parliamentary Democracies. European Journal of Political Research, 37(3), 261–289.
go back to reference Suleiman, E. (1974). Politics, Power and Bureaucracy in France: The administrative Elite. Princeton: Princeton University Press. Suleiman, E. (1974). Politics, Power and Bureaucracy in France: The administrative Elite. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
go back to reference Thies, M. F. (2001). Keeping Tabs on Partners: The Logic of Delegation in European Coalition Governments. American Journal of Political Science, 45(3), 580–598.CrossRef Thies, M. F. (2001). Keeping Tabs on Partners: The Logic of Delegation in European Coalition Governments. American Journal of Political Science, 45(3), 580–598.CrossRef
go back to reference Tilly, C. (Ed.). (1975). The Formation of National States in Western Europe. Princeton: Princeton University Press. Tilly, C. (Ed.). (1975). The Formation of National States in Western Europe. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
go back to reference Verzichelli, L. (2008). Portfolio Allocation. In K. Strøm, W. C. Müller, & T. Bergman (Eds.), Cabinets and Coalition Bargaining: The Democratic Life Cycle in Western Europe (pp. 237–268). Oxford: Oxford University Press. Verzichelli, L. (2008). Portfolio Allocation. In K. Strøm, W. C. Müller, & T. Bergman (Eds.), Cabinets and Coalition Bargaining: The Democratic Life Cycle in Western Europe (pp. 237–268). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Metadata
Title
Executive Elites
Author
Luca Verzichelli
Copyright Year
2018
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-51904-7_24