Skip to main content
Top

2021 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

7. Fake News technisch begegnen – Detektions- und Behandlungsansätze zur Unterstützung von NutzerInnen

Authors : Katrin Hartwig, Christian Reuter

Published in: Wahrheit und Fake im postfaktisch-digitalen Zeitalter

Publisher: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config
loading …

Zusammenfassung

Die Bedeutung des Umgangs mit Fake News hat sowohl im politischen als auch im sozialen Kontext zugenommen: Während sich bestehende Studien vor allem darauf konzentrieren, wie man gefälschte Nachrichten erkennt und kennzeichnet, fehlen Ansätze zur Unterstützung der NutzerInnen bei der eigenen Einschätzung weitgehend. Dieser Artikel stellt bestehende Black-Box- und White-Box-Ansätze vor und vergleicht Vor- und Nachteile. Dabei zeigen sich White-Box-Ansätze insbesondere als vielversprechend, um gegen Reaktanzen zu wirken, während Black-Box-Ansätze Fake News mit deutlich größerer Genauigkeit detektieren. Vorgestellt wird auch das von uns entwickelte Browser-Plugin TrustyTweet, welches die BenutzerInnen bei der Bewertung von Tweets auf Twitter unterstützt, indem es politisch neutrale und intuitive Warnungen anzeigt, ohne Reaktanz zu erzeugen.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literature
go back to reference Bhuiyan MM, Zhang K, Vick K, Horning MA, Mitra T (2018) Feed reflect: a tool for nudging users to assess news credibility on Twitter. In: Companion of the 2018 ACM conference on computer supported cooperative work and social computing – CSCW ’18, S 205–208. https://doi.org/10.1145/3272973.3274056 Bhuiyan MM, Zhang K, Vick K, Horning MA, Mitra T (2018) Feed reflect: a tool for nudging users to assess news credibility on Twitter. In: Companion of the 2018 ACM conference on computer supported cooperative work and social computing – CSCW ’18, S 205–208. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1145/​3272973.​3274056
go back to reference Bourgonje P, Moreno Schneider J, Rehm G (2018) From clickbait to fake news detection: an approach based on detecting the stance of headlines to articles. In: Proceedings of the 2017 EMNLP workshop: natural language processing meets journalism, S 84–89. https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/w17-4215 Bourgonje P, Moreno Schneider J, Rehm G (2018) From clickbait to fake news detection: an approach based on detecting the stance of headlines to articles. In: Proceedings of the 2017 EMNLP workshop: natural language processing meets journalism, S 84–89. https://​doi.​org/​10.​18653/​v1/​w17-4215
go back to reference Castillo C, Mendoza M, Poblete B (2011) Information credibility on twitter. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on World Wide Web, Hyderabad, S 675–684 Castillo C, Mendoza M, Poblete B (2011) Information credibility on twitter. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on World Wide Web, Hyderabad, S 675–684
go back to reference Conati C, Porayska-Pomsta K, Mavrikis M (2018) AI in education needs interpretable machine learning: lessons from open learner modelling. In: Proceedings of 2018 ICML Workshop on Human Interpretability in Machine Learning (WHI 2018). http://arxiv.org/abs/1807.00154. Zugegriffen am 22.04.2021 Conati C, Porayska-Pomsta K, Mavrikis M (2018) AI in education needs interpretable machine learning: lessons from open learner modelling. In: Proceedings of 2018 ICML Workshop on Human Interpretability in Machine Learning (WHI 2018). http://​arxiv.​org/​abs/​1807.​00154. Zugegriffen am 22.04.2021
go back to reference Gupta A, Kumaraguru P, Castillo C, Meier P (2014) TweetCred: real-time credibility assessment of content on Twitter. In: International conference on social informatics, S 228–243. http://arxiv.org/abs/1405.5490. Zugegriffen am 22.04.2021 Gupta A, Kumaraguru P, Castillo C, Meier P (2014) TweetCred: real-time credibility assessment of content on Twitter. In: International conference on social informatics, S 228–243. http://​arxiv.​org/​abs/​1405.​5490. Zugegriffen am 22.04.2021
go back to reference Hanselowski A, Stab C, Schulz C, Li Z, Gurevych I (2019a) A richly annotated corpus for different tasks in automated fact-checking. In: Proceedings of the 23rd conference on computational natural language processing, S 493–503. https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/k19-1046 Hanselowski A, Stab C, Schulz C, Li Z, Gurevych I (2019a) A richly annotated corpus for different tasks in automated fact-checking. In: Proceedings of the 23rd conference on computational natural language processing, S 493–503. https://​doi.​org/​10.​18653/​v1/​k19-1046
go back to reference Jin Z, Cao J, Zhang Y, Luo J (2016) News verification by exBploiting conflicting social viewpoints in microblogs. In: 30th AAAI conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI 2016, Phoenix, S 2972–2978 Jin Z, Cao J, Zhang Y, Luo J (2016) News verification by exBploiting conflicting social viewpoints in microblogs. In: 30th AAAI conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI 2016, Phoenix, S 2972–2978
go back to reference Kaufhold M, Rupp N, Reuter C, Habdank M (2020) Mitigating information overload in social media during conflicts and crises: design and evaluation of a cross-platform alerting system. Behav Inform Technol 39(3):319–342 Kaufhold M, Rupp N, Reuter C, Habdank M (2020) Mitigating information overload in social media during conflicts and crises: design and evaluation of a cross-platform alerting system. Behav Inform Technol 39(3):319–342
go back to reference Kirchner J, Reuter C (2020) Countering fake news: a comparison of possible solutions regarding user acceptance and effectiveness. In: Proceedings of the ACM: human computer interaction (PACM): computer-supported cooperative work and social computing, ACM, Austin, USA Kirchner J, Reuter C (2020) Countering fake news: a comparison of possible solutions regarding user acceptance and effectiveness. In: Proceedings of the ACM: human computer interaction (PACM): computer-supported cooperative work and social computing, ACM, Austin, USA
go back to reference Long Y, Lu Q, Xiang R, Li M, Huang C-R (2017) Fake news detection through multi-perspective speaker profiles, Bd 2, 8. Aufl. In: Proceedings of the eighth international joint conference on Natural Language Processing, Taipei, S 252–256 Long Y, Lu Q, Xiang R, Li M, Huang C-R (2017) Fake news detection through multi-perspective speaker profiles, Bd 2, 8. Aufl. In: Proceedings of the eighth international joint conference on Natural Language Processing, Taipei, S 252–256
go back to reference Monti F, Frasca F, Eynard D, Mannion D, Bronstein MM (2019) Fake news detection on social media using geometric deep learning. [Preprint] Monti F, Frasca F, Eynard D, Mannion D, Bronstein MM (2019) Fake news detection on social media using geometric deep learning. [Preprint]
go back to reference Müller P, Denner N (2017) Was tun gegen „Fake News“? Friedrich Naumann Stiftung Für die Freiheit, Bonn Müller P, Denner N (2017) Was tun gegen „Fake News“? Friedrich Naumann Stiftung Für die Freiheit, Bonn
go back to reference Nickerson RS (1998) Confirmation bias: a ubiquitous phenomenon in many guises. Rev Gen Psychol 2:175–220CrossRef Nickerson RS (1998) Confirmation bias: a ubiquitous phenomenon in many guises. Rev Gen Psychol 2:175–220CrossRef
go back to reference Pariser E (2011) The filter bubble: how the new personalized Web is changing what we read and how we think. Penguin, London Pariser E (2011) The filter bubble: how the new personalized Web is changing what we read and how we think. Penguin, London
go back to reference Pennycook G, Bear A, Collins E (2019) The implied truth effect: attaching warnings to a subset of fake news headlines increases perceived accuracy of headlines without warnings. In: Management Science. http://www.mnsc.2019.3478.pdf. Zugegriffen am 18.04.2020 Pennycook G, Bear A, Collins E (2019) The implied truth effect: attaching warnings to a subset of fake news headlines increases perceived accuracy of headlines without warnings. In: Management Science. http://​www.​mnsc.​2019.​3478.​pdf. Zugegriffen am 18.04.2020
go back to reference Potthast M, Kiesel J, Reinartz K, Bevendorff J, Stein B (2018) A stylometric inquiry into hyperpartisan and fake news. In: ACL 2018 – 56th annual meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, Proceedings of the Conference (Long Papers) Vol. 1, S 231–240. https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/p18-1022 Potthast M, Kiesel J, Reinartz K, Bevendorff J, Stein B (2018) A stylometric inquiry into hyperpartisan and fake news. In: ACL 2018 – 56th annual meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, Proceedings of the Conference (Long Papers) Vol. 1, S 231–240. https://​doi.​org/​10.​18653/​v1/​p18-1022
go back to reference Rashkin H, Choi E, Jang JY, Volkova S, Choi Y (2017) Truth of varying shades: analyzing language in fake news and political fact-checking. In: EMNLP 2017 – conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, Proceedings, S 2931–2937. https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/d17-1317 Rashkin H, Choi E, Jang JY, Volkova S, Choi Y (2017) Truth of varying shades: analyzing language in fake news and political fact-checking. In: EMNLP 2017 – conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, Proceedings, S 2931–2937. https://​doi.​org/​10.​18653/​v1/​d17-1317
go back to reference Reis JCS, Correia A, Murai F, Veloso A, Benevenuto F (2019) Explainable machine learning for fake news detection. In: WebSci 2019 – Proceedings of the 11th ACM conference on Web Science, S 17–26. Association for Computing Machinery, Inc. https://doi.org/10.1145/3292522.3326027 Reis JCS, Correia A, Murai F, Veloso A, Benevenuto F (2019) Explainable machine learning for fake news detection. In: WebSci 2019 – Proceedings of the 11th ACM conference on Web Science, S 17–26. Association for Computing Machinery, Inc. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1145/​3292522.​3326027
go back to reference Ribeiro MT, Singh S, Guestrin C (2016) „Why should i trust you?“ Explaining the predictions of any classifier. In: Proceedings of the ACM SIGKDD international conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, S 1135–1144. Association for Computing Machinery. https://doi.org/10.1145/2939672.2939778 Ribeiro MT, Singh S, Guestrin C (2016) „Why should i trust you?“ Explaining the predictions of any classifier. In: Proceedings of the ACM SIGKDD international conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, S 1135–1144. Association for Computing Machinery. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1145/​2939672.​2939778
go back to reference Shu K, Wang S, Liu H (2019b) Beyond news contents: the role of social context for fake news detection. In: WSDM 2019 – proceedings of the 12th ACM international conference on Web Search and Data Mining, S 312–320. Association for Computing Machinery, Inc. https://doi.org/10.1145/3289600.3290994 Shu K, Wang S, Liu H (2019b) Beyond news contents: the role of social context for fake news detection. In: WSDM 2019 – proceedings of the 12th ACM international conference on Web Search and Data Mining, S 312–320. Association for Computing Machinery, Inc. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1145/​3289600.​3290994
go back to reference Steinebach M, Bader K, Rinsdorf L, Krämer N, Roßnagel A (2020) Desinformation aufdecken und bekämpfen: Interdisziplinäre Ansätze gegen Desinformationskampagnen und für Meinungspluralität, Bd 45, 1. Aufl. Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, Baden-Baden. https://doi.org/10.5771/9783748904816CrossRef Steinebach M, Bader K, Rinsdorf L, Krämer N, Roßnagel A (2020) Desinformation aufdecken und bekämpfen: Interdisziplinäre Ansätze gegen Desinformationskampagnen und für Meinungspluralität, Bd 45, 1. Aufl. Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, Baden-Baden. https://​doi.​org/​10.​5771/​9783748904816CrossRef
go back to reference Vosoughi S, Roy D, Aral S (2018) The spread of true and false news online. Science 359:1146–1151CrossRef Vosoughi S, Roy D, Aral S (2018) The spread of true and false news online. Science 359:1146–1151CrossRef
go back to reference Weerkamp W, De Rijke M (2008) Credibility improves topical blog post retrieval. In: ACL-08: HLT – 46th annual meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies, Proceedings of the Conference, Columbus, S 923–931 Weerkamp W, De Rijke M (2008) Credibility improves topical blog post retrieval. In: ACL-08: HLT – 46th annual meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies, Proceedings of the Conference, Columbus, S 923–931
go back to reference Weimer M, Gurevych I, Mühlhäuser M (2007) Automatically assessing the post quality in online discussions on software. In: Proceedings of the 45th annual meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics Companion Volume Proceedings of the Demo and Poster Sessions, S 125–128. Association for Computational Linguistics. https://doi.org/10.3115/1557769.1557806 Weimer M, Gurevych I, Mühlhäuser M (2007) Automatically assessing the post quality in online discussions on software. In: Proceedings of the 45th annual meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics Companion Volume Proceedings of the Demo and Poster Sessions, S 125–128. Association for Computational Linguistics. https://​doi.​org/​10.​3115/​1557769.​1557806
go back to reference Wu L, Liu H (2018) Tracing fake-news footprints: characterizing social media messages by how they propagate. In: WSDM 2018 – proceedings of the 11th ACM international conference on Web Search and Data Mining, S 637–645. Association for Computing Machinery, Inc. https://doi.org/10.1145/3159652.3159677 Wu L, Liu H (2018) Tracing fake-news footprints: characterizing social media messages by how they propagate. In: WSDM 2018 – proceedings of the 11th ACM international conference on Web Search and Data Mining, S 637–645. Association for Computing Machinery, Inc. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1145/​3159652.​3159677
Metadata
Title
Fake News technisch begegnen – Detektions- und Behandlungsansätze zur Unterstützung von NutzerInnen
Authors
Katrin Hartwig
Christian Reuter
Copyright Year
2021
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-32957-0_7