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2022 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

Fuel-Rich Natural Gas Conversion in HCCI Engines with Ozone and Dimethyl Ether as Ignition Promoters: A Kinetic and Exergetic Analysis

Authors : Dominik Freund, Christoph Horn, Burak Atakan

Published in: Active Flow and Combustion Control 2021

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

Fuel-rich operated HCCI engines are suitable for the polygeneration of work, heat, and base chemicals like synthesis gas (CO + H₂). Under favorable conditions, these engines are exergetically more efficient than separate steam reformer and cogeneration gas engines. However, to achieve ignition, reactive fuel additives like dimethyl ether or ozone must be supplied, which have some, probably negative and not yet quantified, impacts on the exergetic efficiency.

Therefore, the aim of this work is to compute and evaluate the effect of DME and ozone on the exergy input and exergetic efficiency of fuel-rich operated HCCI engines, which convert natural gas at equivalence ratios of 1.5 to 2.5.

Results of a single-zone-model (SZM) and a multi-zone model (MZM) are compared to analyze the influence of inhomogeneities in the cylinder on the system’s exergetic efficiency. Natural gas as fuel is compared with previous neat methane results.

The single-zone model results show that natural gas is much more reactive than methane. Ethane and propane convert partially in the compression stroke and lead to ethene, propene, and OH radicals. However, the ethane and propane conversions do not favor but slightly reduce the formation of methyl hydroperoxide, which is an important buffer molecule for fuel-rich methane ignition. But in addition, further buffer molecules like ethene or ethyl hydroperoxide are intermediately formed. The product selectivities are neither influenced by the natural gas composition, nor by the chosen additive.

Compared to ozone, the DME molar and mass fractions needed for ignition are up to 11 times higher, and its exergy contribution to the total mixture is even 95 times higher. Therefore, the system’s exergetic efficiency is much higher when ozone is chosen as additive: reasonable values of up to 82.8% are possible, compared to 67.7% with DME. The multi-zone model results show that the efficiency is strongly dependent on the fuel conversion and thus unconverted fuel should be recycled within the polygeneration system to maintain high efficiencies. Comparing the total exergetic efficiency, ozone is a favorable additive for fuel-rich operated HCCI polygeneration.

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Title: Fuel-Rich Natural Gas Conversion in HCCI Engines with Ozone and Dimethyl Ether as Ignition Promoters: A Kinetic and Exergetic Analysis
Authors: Dominik Freund
Christoph Horn
Burak Atakan
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Book: Active Flow and Combustion Control 2021
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-90726-6

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-030-90727-3

Copyright Year: 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-90727-3_4

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