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2022 | Book

The Road to 4IR (4th Industrial Revolution) Read chapter Read first chapter

Global Technology Management 4.0

Concepts and Cases for Managing in the 4th Industrial Revolution

Author: Dr. Pratim Milton Datta

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

Part of: Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" , Springer Professional "Technik" , Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

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About this book

Technology is pervasive in today’s globalized world. Moreover, technology and globalization drive competitiveness and strategy, and must be managed well. This textbook uses technology management as the central theme to cover multiple business and social facets, including digital transformation, cybersecurity, international operations, marketing, finance, culture, human capital, and the political economy.

The book is divided into four sections. Part 1 examines the confluence of globalization and technology from the first Industrial Revolution to the current Fourth Industrial Revolution. Part 2 introduces strategic and analytical metrics and models that are crucial to managerial decision-making. Part 3 discusses the basics of cybersecurity and combating cyber-threats to protect organization and its stakeholders. Part 4 focuses on sustainable operations, global projects, and digital transformation in a technology-centric, globalized world.

The book will help students learn how to navigate business aspects of globalization and technology in the 4th Industrial Revolution (4IR). For instructors, the learning objectives and discussion questions help guide students in grasping the material.

Table of Contents

Frontmatter

Understanding the Emerging 4IR World

Frontmatter
Chapter 1. The Road to 4IR (4th Industrial Revolution)
Abstract
The 4th Industrial Revolution is upon us but not many students understand its evolution or impact. This teaching case looks at socio-technical evolution from 1 to 4IR. A mini-case follows, exemplifying how 4IR quietly helped the COVID-19 vaccine development. This section ends by highlighting the dark sides of 4IR.
Pratim Milton Datta
Chapter 2. Managing in the 4IR World
Abstract
Central to managerial and executive decision-making is to learn how to connect the dots that can transform trees into a forest, and a forest into a landscape. The beginning steps lie in thinking beyond the box, beyond your own function. Thus, it is important to first understand globalization and the world. Whether you are a manager or an executive, your job is to figure out cosmos from chaos—discover patterns from messiness; assign structure to the unstructured; match the matchless; make sense of the otherwise obscure.
Pratim Milton Datta
Chapter 3. Business Concepts in Globalization
Abstract
To begin mulling on matters of production and innovation, it is useful to consider the notions of efficiency versus effectiveness. Efficiency is a hallmark productivity metric. Deep-seated in notions of productivity, efficiency is simply the ratio of output divided by input.
Pratim Milton Datta

4IR Strategy and Analytics

Frontmatter
Chapter 4. Strategizing Using Technology
Abstract
Technology is nothing but a device or service that improves an existing process by making a traditional process faster, more cost-effective, better, more accessible, and/or easier to operate and use. The advent of the wheel made moving things easier and faster. Gutenberg’s Press made printing books cheaper and accessible.. The industrial revolution made mechanization its tour de force. The coming of electricity made heating and lighting cheaper and more accessible and prevalent.
Pratim Milton Datta
Chapter 5. How 4IR Innovations Are Reshaping the World
Abstract
Today’s world is run by and replete with technology. Anywhere you turn or look, there is some technology we are using (smartphones), interacting with (checkout systems), watching us (cameras and GPS location services on our phones), helping us (robotics), and guessing what we might want or do next (predictive systems).
Pratim Milton Datta
Chapter 6. Strategic Analytics for Decision-Making
Abstract
Analytics is all about using facts for decision-making. In the search for the best decisions, analytics applies the right tools and techniques to offer solutions and insights.
Pratim Milton Datta
Chapter 7. Tying Strategic Analytics to Data Analytics
Abstract
If you were to purchase real estate property at a purchase price of $500,000 and you used it for 5 years, how much is your total cost of ownership (TCO)? TCO is one of the most important business analysis philosophies that looks at the true cost of ownership rather than the initial purchase cost.
Pratim Milton Datta
Chapter 8. Data Analytics and Data Mining
Abstract
Data analytics and data mining begin with data collection. Data mining is the process of extracting (E) data from databases, transforming (T) data following a predefined structure, and loading (L) data for performing various analytics. Data mining is commonly associated with big data because it is the basis for systematic analytics for describing and predicting based on data.
Pratim Milton Datta

Cybersecurity in a Global Context

Frontmatter
Chapter 9. Introduction to Cybersecurity
Abstract
We live in a digital-connected world where our identities, likes, dislikes, eating habits, shopping behavior, financial information, and medical records reside in digital networks deep in the cloud. With the massive growth of connected devices and smart homes (Internet of Things), remote mouse clicks can steal our information, identities, and disrupting the global infrastructure. This module covers one of the most pressing aspects of global technology—cybersecurity. Here, we cover the fundamentals of cyber-attacks and cyber-threats, espionage, encryption, and post-cyber-attack crisis communication strategies.
Pratim Milton Datta
Chapter 10. Cybersecurity Threats: Malware in the Code
Abstract
Hackers are ingeniously nefarious and scheming. Target was hacked in December 2013. The hackers actually didn’t try to directly access the main customer database that was securely hidden and protected by IDS. Instead, the hackers accessed Target’s information portal through the digital HVAC (heating, ventilation, and AC) system that was managed by some third-party contractor with much less protection. The HVAC system could be remotely controlled and was linked to the main Target customer information database.
Pratim Milton Datta
Chapter 11. Cybersecurity Protection Framework
Abstract
Given that technology is our global lifeblood, cyber-threats pose an inordinate risk. Yet there are multiple ways to protect and defend cyber-infrastructures. There are multiple ways to protect cyber-assets, i.e., all device hardware, software, networks, and information connected to the Internet or other digital networks.
Pratim Milton Datta

Managing 4IR Operations

Frontmatter
Chapter 12. 4IR Operations, Technology, and Sustainability
Abstract
The 4IR world is a world of convergence—convergence across global boundaries, across industries, and across politics. The 4IR world is supply chain dream and a nightmare, raising and dashing projects and sustainability opportunities and hopes.
Pratim Milton Datta
Chapter 13. Managing Offshore Projects and Operations
Abstract
We’ve always outsourced some form of production. Outsourcing, i.e., the activity of letting a third party produce a good or service for your consumption, is nothing new in organized society. We rarely bake all our bread and instead outsource it to a fresh bakery down the street for croissants and scones; we outsource our dining to restaurants and chefs; our libations to vineyards, distilleries, and breweries; our home additions to contractors; and our vehicles to car manufacturers. Coming to think of it, we outsource most of our activities to other people and companies.
Pratim Milton Datta
Chapter 14. Digital Transformation in a Globalized World
Abstract
Digital Transformation is different from Digitization. Digitalization or Digitization is converting a product or a service from a physical product or service into a digital format based on bits and bytes that are stored in a computer, a server, or on a network such as the Internet.
Pratim Milton Datta
Backmatter
Metadata
Title
Global Technology Management 4.0
Author
Dr. Pratim Milton Datta
Copyright Year
2022
Electronic ISBN
978-3-030-96929-5
Print ISBN
978-3-030-96928-8
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-96929-5