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Published in:
2005 | OriginalPaper | Chapter
Grouting and freezing
Published in: Tunnelling and Tunnel Mechanics
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
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Grouting is the introduction of a hardening fluid or mortar into the ground to improve its stiffness, strength and/or impermeability. There are various patterns of the propagation of the grout within the ground:
Low pressure grouting (permeation grouting)
: The grout propagates into the pores of the soil but leaves the grain skeleton unchanged. The resulting grouted regions are spherical, if the soil is homogeneous and isotropic and if the source can be considered as a point. If the pore fluid, which initially fills the voids, has a higher viscosity than the grout (as is e.g. the case when water is pumped in into a porous rock filled with oil) then the so-called fingering is observed. The resulting boundary of the grouted region is fractal shaped.
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