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Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A
Published in: Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A 10/2009

01-10-2009

Hydrogen-Assisted Crack Propagation in Austenitic Stainless Steel Fusion Welds

Authors: B.P. Somerday, M. Dadfarnia, D.K. Balch, K.A. Nibur, C.H. Cadden, P. Sofronis

Published in: Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A | Issue 10/2009

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Abstract

The objective of this study was to characterize hydrogen-assisted crack propagation in gas-tungsten arc (GTA) welds of the nitrogen-strengthened, austenitic stainless steel 21Cr-6Ni-9Mn (21-6-9), using fracture mechanics methods. The fracture initiation toughness and crack growth resistance curves were measured using fracture mechanics specimens that were thermally precharged with 230 wppm (1.3 at. pct) hydrogen. The fracture initiation toughness and slope of the crack growth resistance curve for the hydrogen-precharged weld were reduced by as much as 60 and 90 pct, respectively, relative to the noncharged weld. A physical model for hydrogen-assisted crack propagation in the welds was formulated from microscopy evidence and finite-element modeling. Hydrogen-assisted crack propagation proceeded by a sequence of microcrack formation at the weld ferrite, intense shear deformation in the ligaments separating microcracks, and then fracture of the ligaments. One salient role of hydrogen in the crack propagation process was promoting microcrack formation at austenite/ferrite interfaces and within the ferrite. In addition, hydrogen may have facilitated intense shear deformation in the ligaments separating microcracks. The intense shear deformation could be related to the development of a nonuniform distribution of hydrogen trapped at dislocations between microcracks, which in turn created a gradient in the local flow stress.
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Metadata
Title
Hydrogen-Assisted Crack Propagation in Austenitic Stainless Steel Fusion Welds
Authors
B.P. Somerday
M. Dadfarnia
D.K. Balch
K.A. Nibur
C.H. Cadden
P. Sofronis
Publication date
01-10-2009
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A / Issue 10/2009
Print ISSN: 1073-5623
Electronic ISSN: 1543-1940
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-009-9922-1

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