Identification of Vulnerable Regions for TNB’s Electric Substations during Flood in Peninsular Malaysia

Flood is usually an environmental hazard which has been increased in recent years by forcing the pushing factors such as climate change and urbanization. This study presents flood-prone area related to the electric substations for Tenaga Nasional Berhad (TNB) in Peninsular Malaysia. The objective of this research was to identify the related regions that the electric substations are in vulnerable condition by flood risk. For this research, two types of maps are generated, namely flood inundation map (FIM), which indicates the area and capacity of the flood, and flood hazard map (FHM), which provides the area, depth, velocity, and extension of the flood for the TNB’s location of substation. For this issue, different classes of substations are involved in analysis, namely transmission main intake (PMU), main distribution (PPU), main switching station (SSU), and distribution substation (PE). An integration of TNB’s substation maps performed with FIM and FHM due to identify substations which are in flood-prone regions. Generally, result shows that Kelantan is classified as the highest flood-prone region for TNB’s infrastructures especially for PMU which they are affected by flood. Kelantan, Terengganu, and Perlis are involved with the highest flooded, respectively, based on PPU and SSU infrastructure. Finally, for PE substations, Kelantan, Perlis, and Terengganu have the highest contribution for flooded substations for TNB’s structures.