Improvement of the Heat Substation Design for District Heating Supply Systems

New requirements and trends for the design and retrofit of heat substations of the central heating system are formulated. The main differences in the design of the central and individual heat substations are considered. The classification of heat substations for heating and hot water supply depending on the equipment included is given. The strategy of computer-aided design of the central heat substations under conditions of a new tariff policy is presented. The basis of the design is the simulation of the equipment selection that has not only technical compliance but also ensures the economic efficiency of implementation, which guarantees the reliability and operability of the substation during its operation. A model of operation of the substation in various conditions (time of year, the day of the week, day time) is presented. Mathematical models are implemented as a computer-aided design system, which allows us to calculate new heat substations and to make a high-efficiency retrofit, and does not require special training of personnel.