Top

Flow, Turbulence and Combustion

Published in:

10-11-2018

Influence of Boundary Conditions on the Flame Stabilization Mechanism and on Transient Auto-ignition in the DLR Jet-in-Hot-Coflow Burner

Authors: Christoph M. Arndt, Wolfgang Meier

Published in: Flow, Turbulence and Combustion | Issue 4/2019

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config

AI-assisted search

Off

Abstract

Transient auto-ignition is a key factor for flame stabilization and flame initialization in several technical combustion systems such as internal combustion engines or gas turbine combustors. Reliable numerical simulations of auto-ignition stabilized flames are important for the development of new combustor systems. For detailed model validation, knowledge of the sensitivity of different system response quantities (SRQs) of interest to the boundary conditions in combination with the accuracy of boundary conditions is essential, especially with respect to uncertainty quantification of numerical simulations. In the current study, the flame stabilization and auto-ignition in the DLR Jet-in-Hot-Coflow burner was examined experimentally using high-speed OH* chemiluminescence. Here, methane was either injected continuously to study the flame stabilization mechanism of steady state lifted jet flames, or in a pulsed manner to study the formation of auto-ignition kernels, into the hot exhaust gas of a lean, premixed hydrogen/air flame. The flame stabilization height, and the location and time of initial auto-ignition kernels for a case with transient auto-ignition were evaluated with respect to several boundary conditions, such as coflow temperature as well as coflow- and jet-velocity. A relative sensitivity of the measured SRQs on the boundary conditions was introduced in order to quantitatively compare steady state flame to transient auto-ignition characteristics and to assess the quantitative influence of different boundary conditions. Comparison of the auto-ignition dynamics in the steady state and during transient fuel injection allowed assessing the role of auto-ignition in the flame stabilization mechanism for different boundary conditions; accompanying chemical kinetic calculations were used to quantify the influence of strain on auto-ignition and flame propagation for the current conditions, allowing further insight into the flame stabilization mechanism in Jet-in-Hot-Coflow flames.

previous article Stretch Rate and Displacement Speed Correlations for Increasingly-Turbulent Premixed Flames

next article Experimental and Numerical Investigation of the Response of a Swirled Flame to Flow Modulations in a Non-Adiabatic Combustor

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Güthe, F., Hellat, J., Flohr, P.: The reheat concept: the proven pathway to ultralow emissions and high efficiency and flexibility. J. Eng. Gas Turbines Power 131(2), 021503 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1115/1.2836613 CrossRef

Fleck, J.M., Griebel, P., Steinberg, A.M., Arndt, C.M., Aigner, M.: Auto-ignition and flame stabilization of hydrogen/natural gas/nitrogen jets in a vitiated cross-flow at elevated pressure. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 38(36), 16441–16452 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2013.09.137 CrossRef

Fleck, J.M., Griebel, P., Steinberg, A.M., Arndt, C.M., Naumann, C., Aigner, M.: Autoignition of hydrogen/nitrogen jets in vitiated air crossflows at different pressures. Proc. Combust. Inst. 34(2), 3185–3192 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2012.05.039 CrossRef

Lammel, O., Schütz, H., Schmitz, G., Lückerath, R., Stöhr, M., Noll, B., Aigner, M., Hase, M., Krebs, W.: FLOX®; combustion at high power density and high flame temperatures. J. Eng. Gas Turbines Power 132(12), 121503 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4001825 CrossRef

Lammel, O., Stöhr, M., Kutne, P., Dem, C., Meier, W., Aigner, M.: Experimental analysis of confined jet flames by laser measurement techniques. J. Eng. Gas Turbines Power 134(4), 041506 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4004733 CrossRef

Boxx, I., Arndt, C.M., Carter, C.D., Meier, W.: Highspeed laser diagnostics for the study of flame dynamics in a lean premixed gas turbine model combustor. Exp. Fluids 52(3), 555–567 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00348-010-1022-x CrossRef

Cabra, R., Myhrvold, T., Chen, J.Y., Dibble, R.W., Karpetis, A.N., Barlow, R.S.: Simultaneous laser Raman-Rayleigh-LIF measurements and numerical modeling results of a lifted turbulent H₂/N₂ jet flame in a vitiated coflow. Proc. Combust. Inst. 29(2), 1881–1888 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1016/S1540-7489(02)80228-0 CrossRef

Dally, B.B., Karpetis, A.N., Barlow, R.S.: Structure of turbulent non-premixed jet flames in a diluted hot coflow. Proc. Combust. Inst. 29(1), 1147–1154 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1016/S1540-7489(02)80145-6 CrossRef

Medwell, P.R., Kalt, P.A.M., Dally, B.B.: Imaging of diluted turbulent ethylene flames stabilized on a jet in hot coflow (JHC) burner. Combust. Flame 152 (1–2), 100–113 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2007.09.003 CrossRef

10.

Gordon, R.L., Masri, A.R., Mastorakos, E.: Simultaneous Rayleigh temperature, OH- and CH2O-LIF imaging of methane jets in a vitiated coflow. Combust. Flame 155 (1–2), 181–195 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2008.07.001 CrossRef

11.

Arndt, C.M., Gounder, J.D., Meier, W., Aigner, M.: Auto-ignition and flame stabilization of pulsed methane jets in a hot vitiated coflow studied with high-speed laser and imaging techniques. Appl. Phys. B 108(2), 407–417 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00340-012-4945-5 CrossRef

12.

Johannessen, B., North, A., Dibble, R., Lovas, T.: Experimental studies of autoignition events in unsteady hydrogen-air flames. Combust. Flame 162(9), 3210–3219 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2015.05.008 CrossRef

13.

Macfarlane, A.R.W., Dunn, M.J., Juddoo, M., Masri, A.R.: Stabilisation of turbulent auto-igniting dimethyl ether jet flames issuing into a hot vitiated coflow. Proc. Combust. Inst. 36(2), 1661–1668 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2016.08.028 CrossRef

14.

Cabra, R., Chen, J.Y., Dibble, R.W., Karpetis, A.N., Barlow, R.S.: Lifted methane-air jet flames in a vitiated coflow. Combust. Flame 143(4), 491–506 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2005.08.019 CrossRef

15.

Oldenhof, E., Tummers, M.J., van Veen, E.H., Roekaerts, D.J.E.M.: Ignition kernel formation and lift-off behaviour of jet-in-hot-coflow flames. Combust. Flame 157 (6), 1167–1178 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2010.01.002 CrossRef

16.

Medwell, P.R., Dally, B.B.: Experimental Observation of Lifted Flames in a Heated and Diluted Coflow. Energy Fuels 26(9), 5519–5527 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1021/ef301029u CrossRef

17.

Arndt, C.M., Schießl, R., Gounder, J.D., Meier, W., Aigner, M.: Flame stabilization and auto-ignition of pulsed methane jets in a hot coflow: influence of temperature. Proc. Combust. Inst. 34(1), 1483–1490 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2012.05.082 CrossRef

18.

Eitel, F., Pareja, J., Geyer, D., Johchi, A., Michel, F., Elsäßer, W., Dreizler, A.: A novel plasma test rig for auto-ignition studies of turbulent non-premixed flows. Exp. Fluids 56, 186 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00348-015-2059-7 CrossRef

19.

Evans, M.J., Medwell, P.R., Wu, H., Stagni, A., Ihme, M.: Classification and lift-off height prediction of non-premixed MILD and autoignitive flames. Proc. Combust. Inst. 36(3), 4297–4304 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2016.06.013 CrossRef

20.

Oldenhof, E., Tummers, M.J., van Veen, E.H., Roekaerts, D.J.E.M.: Role of entrainment in the stabilisation of jet-in-hot-coflow flames. Combust. Flame 158(8), 1553–1563 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2010.12.018 CrossRef

21.

Papageorge, M.J., Arndt, C., Fuest, F., Meier, W., Sutton, J.A.: High-speed mixture fraction and temperature imaging of pulsed, turbulent fuel jets auto-igniting in high-temperature, vitiated co-flows. Exp. Fluids 55(7), 1763 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/S00348-014-1763-Z CrossRef

22.

Meier, W., Boxx, I., Arndt, C., Gamba, M., Clemens, N.: Investigation of auto-ignition of a pulsed methane jet in vitiated air using high-speed imaging techniques. J. Eng. Gas Turbines Power 133(2), 021504 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4002014 CrossRef

23.

Oldenhof, E., Tummers, M.J., van Veen, E.H., Roekaerts, D.J.E.M.: Transient response of the Delft jet-in-hot coflow flames. Combust. Flame 159(2), 697–706 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2011.08.001 CrossRef

24.

Arndt, C.M., Papageorge, M.J., Fuest, F., Sutton, J.A., Meier, W., Aigner, M.: The role of temperature, mixture fraction, and scalar dissipation rate on transient methane injection and auto-ignition in a jet in hot coflow burner. Combust. Flame 167, 60–71 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2016.02.027 CrossRef

25.

Eitel, F., Pareja, J., Johchi, A., Böhm, B., Geyer, D., Dreizler, A.: Temporal evolution of auto-ignition of ethylene and methane jets propagating into a turbulent hot air co-flow vitiated with NOx. Combust. Flame 177, 193–206 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2016.12.009 CrossRef

26.

Pareja, J., Johchi, A., Li, T., Dreizler, A., Böhm, B.: A study of the spatial and temporal evolution of auto-ignition kernels using time-resolved tomographic OH-LIF. Proc. Combust. Inst. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2018.06.028 (2018)

27.

Arndt, C.M., Papageorge, M.J., Fuest, F., Sutton, J.A., Meier, W.: Experimental investigation of the auto-ignition of a transient propane jet-in-hot-coflow. Proc. Combust. Inst. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2018.06.195 (2018)

28.

Mastorakos, E.: Ignition of turbulent non-premixed flames. Prog. Energy Combust. Sci. 35(1), 57–97 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pecs.2008.07.002 CrossRef

29.

Myhrvold, T., Ertesvag, I.S., Gran, I.R., Cabra, R.: A numerical investigation of a lifted H₂/N₂ turbulent jet flame in a vitiated coflow. Combust. Sci. Technol. 178 (6), 1001–1030 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1080/00102200500270106 CrossRef

30.

De, A., Oldenhof, E., Sathiah, P., Roekaerts, D.: Numerical simulation of Delft-Jet-in-Hot-Coflow (DJHC) flames using the eddy dissipation concept model for turbulence–chemistry interaction. Flow Turbul. Combust. 87(4), 537–567 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10494-011-9337-0 MATHCrossRef

31.

Masri, A.R., Cao, R., Pope, S.B., Goldin, G.M.: PDF calculations of turbulent lifted flames of H₂/N₂ fuel issuing into a vitiated co-flow. Combust. Theory Model. 8(1), 1–22 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1088/1364-7830/8/1/001 CrossRef

32.

Gordon, R.L., Masri, A.R., Pope, S.B., Goldin, G.M.: A numerical study of auto-ignition in turbulent lifted flames issuing into a vitiated co-flow. Combust. Theory Model. 11(3), 351–376 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1080/13647830600903472 MATHCrossRef

33.

Navarro-Martinez, S., Kronenburg, A.: LES-CMC simulations of a lifted methane flame. Proc. ASME Turbo Expo 32 (1), 1509–1516 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2008.06.178 CrossRef

34.

Duwig, C., Fuchs, L.: Large Eddy simulation of a H₂/N₂ lifted flame in a vitiated co-flow. Combust. Sci. Technol. 180(3), 453–480 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1080/00102200701741327 CrossRef

35.

Schulz, O., Jaravel, T., Poinsot, T., Cuenot, B., Noiray, N.: A criterion to distinguish autoignition and propagation applied to a lifted methane–air jet flame. Proc. Combust. Inst. 36(2), 1637–1644 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2016.08.022 CrossRef

36.

Roy, C., Oberkampf, W.: A complete framework for verification, validation, and uncertainty quantification in scientific computing. In: 48th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting (2010)

37.

Morley, C: Gaseq—a chemical equilibrium program for Windows. Version 0.79, http://www.gaseq.co.uk/ (2005)

38.

Prucker, S., Meier, W., Stricker, W.: A flat flame burner as calibration source for combustion research: Temperatures and species concentrations of premixed H₂/air flames. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 65(9), 2908–2911 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1144637 CrossRef

39.

Arndt, C.M.: Entwicklung und Anwendung von Hochgeschwindigkeits-Lasermesstechnik zur Untersuchung von Selbstzündung. Dissertation, Universität Stuttgart (2017)

40.

Goodwin, D.G., Moffat, H.K., Speth, R.L.: Cantera: an object-oriented software toolkit for chemical kinetics, thermodynamics, and transport processes. Version 2.4.0, https://www.cantera.org (2018)

41.

Fiala, T., Sattelmayer, T.: Nonpremixed counterflow flames: scaling rules for batch simulations. J. Combust. 2014, Article ID 484372 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/484372 CrossRef

42.

Smith, G.P., Golden, D.M., Frenklach, M., Moriarty, N.W., Eiteneer, B., Goldenberg, M., Bowman, C.T., Hanson, R.K., Song, S., Gardiner, W.C. Jr., Lissianski, V.V., Qin, Z.: GRI 3.0. http://www.me.berkeley.edu/gri_mech/

43.

Stahl, G., Warnatz, J.: Numerical investigation of time-dependent properties and extinction of strained methane- and propane-air flamelets. Combust. Flame 85(3–4), 285–299 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-2180(91)90134-W CrossRef

44.

Gerlinger, P., Nold, K., Aigner, M.: Influence of reaction mechanisms, grid spacing, and inflow conditions on the numerical simulation of lifted supersonic flames. Int. J. Numer. Methods Fluids 62(12), 1357–1380 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1002/fld.2076 MATHCrossRef

45.

KintechLab: Chemical Workbench 4.1 (2014)

46.

Sadanandan, R., Stöhr, M., Meier, W.: Simultaneous OH-PLIF and PIV measurements in a gas turbine model combustor. Appl. Phys. B 90(3–4), 609–618 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00340-007-2928-8 CrossRef

47.

Hilbert, R., Thévenin, D.: Autoignition of turbulent non-premixed flames investigated using direct numerical simulation. Combust. Flame 128(1–2), 22–37 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-2180(01)00330-3 MATHCrossRef

48.

Warnatz, J., Maas, U., Dibble, R.W.: Combustion—Physical and Chemical Fundamentals, Modeling und Simulation, Experiments, Pollutant Formation, 4th edn. Springer, Berlin (2006)MATH

49.

Foley, C.W., Chterev, I., Seitzman, J., Lieuwen, T.: High resolution particle image velocimetry and CH-PLIF measurements and analysis of a shear layer stabilized flame. J. Eng. Gas Turbines Power 138(3), 031603–031603-031613 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4031367 CrossRef

50.

Foley, C., Chterev, I., Noble, B., Seitzman, J., Lieuwen, T.: Shear layer flame stabilization sensitivities in a swirling flow. Int. J. Spray Combust. Dyn. 9 (1), 3–18 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1177/1756827716653426 CrossRef

Title: Influence of Boundary Conditions on the Flame Stabilization Mechanism and on Transient Auto-ignition in the DLR Jet-in-Hot-Coflow Burner
Authors: Christoph M. Arndt
Wolfgang Meier
Publication date: 10-11-2018
Publisher: Springer Netherlands
Published in: Flow, Turbulence and Combustion / Issue 4/2019
Print ISSN: 1386-6184
Electronic ISSN: 1573-1987
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10494-018-9991-6

Springer Professional

Abstract

Please log in to get access to your license.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Springer Professional "Technik"

Other articles of this Issue 4/2019

Stretch Rate and Displacement Speed Correlations for Increasingly-Turbulent Premixed Flames

LES/CMC Modelling of a Gas Turbine Model Combustor with Quick Fuel Mixing

Experimental Investigation of Global Combustion Characteristics in an Effusion Cooled Single Sector Model Gas Turbine Combustor

A Control Forced Concurrent Precursor Method for LES Inflow

Experimental Study and CFD-PBM Simulation of the Unsteady Gas-Liquid Flow in an Airlift External Loop Reactor

Experimental and Numerical Investigation of the Response of a Swirled Flame to Flow Modulations in a Non-Adiabatic Combustor

Premium Partners