Skip to main content
Disciplines
Automotive Business IT + Informatics Construction + Real Estate Electrical Engineering + Electronics Energy + Sustainability Insurance + Risk Finance + Banking Management + Leadership Marketing + Sales Mechanical Engineering + Materials
Events
DE
EN
Books
Journals
Topic Page
Marketing
Start single access now
Access for companies
EXTENDED SEARCH
Log in
Top
Demography
Published in: Demography 4/2017

05-07-2017

Influence of Proximity to Kin on Residential Mobility and Destination Choice: Examining Local Movers in Metropolitan Areas

Authors: Amy Spring, Elizabeth Ackert, Kyle Crowder, Scott J. South

Published in: Demography | Issue 4/2017

Log in

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

A growing body of research has examined how family dynamics shape residential mobility, highlighting the social—as opposed to economic—drivers of mobility. However, few studies have examined kin ties as both push and pull factors in mobility processes or revealed how the influence of kin ties on mobility varies across sociodemographic groups. Using data on local residential moves from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) from 1980 to 2013, we find that location of noncoresident kin influences the likelihood of moving out of the current neighborhood and the selection of a new destination neighborhood. Analyses of out-mobility reveal that parents and young adult children living near each other as well as low-income adult children living near parents are especially deterred from moving. Discrete-choice models of neighborhood selection indicate that movers are particularly drawn to neighborhoods close to aging parents, white and higher-income households tend to move close to parents and children, and lower-income households tend to move close to extended family. Our results highlight the social and economic trade-offs that households face when making residential mobility decisions, which have important implications for broader patterns of inequality in residential attainment.
previous article Does Black Socioeconomic Mobility Explain Recent Progress Toward Black-White Residential Integration?
next article Fertility Intentions and Residential Relocations

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now
Footnotes
1
Short-distance moves between neighborhoods within a metropolitan area constitute the majority (i.e., two-thirds) of all moves among residents of the United States (based on authors’ calculations of data from the U.S. Census Bureau 2015).
 
2
Kin networks include members related by blood, marriage, or adoption and include full siblings, half-siblings, and current stepsiblings. Analyses excluding adoptive and current stepparents and stepsiblings produce similar results. Grandparents and grandchildren also include great-grandparents and great-grandchildren. Our measures exclude ex-spouses and ex-step relationships, in-laws, and kin who are far removed.
 
3
Moves to a new housing unit within the same census tract are not analyzed.
 
4
Analyses in which siblings and extended kin are distinguished in separate measures produce substantively similar results.
 
5
Results of models using 2- and 3-mile thresholds show weaker but substantively similar results compared with those presented in our main analysis.
 
6
All monetary variables are adjusted for inflation and standardized to year 2000 dollars. Family income includes total income for all family members from taxable income, transfer income, and Social Security income.
 
7
We tested alternative measures differentiating numbers of children within specific age categories but found no substantive differences compared with the results using a simple count of all children under 18.
 
8
Variables with missing values include family income (83 respondents with missing information), employment status (36), and homeownership (1). Following White et al. (2011), all covariates and outcomes from our analysis are included in the imputation model.
 
9
Tracts are restricted to those that have at least one housing unit given that tracts with zero units are not feasible as potential destinations.
 
10
The probability of inclusion is equal to 1.0 for tracts that were ultimately chosen and tracts that have kin within one mile and 0.05 for the 5 % sample of other tracts. The probabilities enter the regression model as a constant, –ln(q ijt ), where q ijt is the probability that that the jth tract is included in respondent i’s choice set at time t.
 
11
For a description of the methods for including interactions in nonlinear models, see Long (2006), Xu and Long (2005), and Buis (2010).
 
Literature
Alba, R. D., & Logan, J. R. (1992). Analyzing locational attainments: Constructing individual-level regression models using aggregate data. Social Methods Research, 20, 367–397.CrossRef
Alba, R. D., & Logan, J. R. (1993). Minority proximity to whites in suburbs: An individual-level analysis of segregation. American Journal of Sociology, 98, 1388–1427.CrossRef
Allen, W. R. (1979). Class, culture, and family organization: The effects of class and race on family structure in urban America. Journal of Comparative Family Studies, 10, 301–313.
Bach, R. L., & Smith, J. (1977). Community satisfaction, expectations of moving, and migration. Demography, 14, 147–167.CrossRef
Bengston, V. L. (2001). Beyond the nuclear family: The increasing importance of multigenerational bonds. Journal of Marriage and Family, 63, 1–16.CrossRef
Boyd, M. L. (2008). The role of social networks in making housing choices: The experience of the Gautreaux Two Residential Mobility Program. Cityscape, 10(1), 41–63.
Briggs, X. d. S. (1998). Brown kids in white suburbs: Housing mobility and the many faces of social capital. Housing Policy Debate, 9, 177–221.CrossRef
Briggs, X. d. S., Popkin, S. J., & Goering, J. (2010). Moving to opportunity: The story of an American experiment to fight ghetto poverty. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.CrossRef
Bruch, E. E., & Mare, R. D. (2012). Methodological issues in the analysis of residential preferences, residential mobility, and neighborhood change. Sociological Methodology, 42, 103–154.CrossRef
Buis, M. L. (2010). Stata tip 87: Interpretation of interactions in nonlinear models. Stata Journal, 10, 305–308.
Chan, T. W., & Ermisch, J. (2015). Proximity of couples to parents: Influences of gender, labor market, and family. Demography, 52, 379–399.CrossRef
Charles, C. Z. (2003). The dynamics of racial residential segregation. Annual Review of Sociology, 29, 167–207.CrossRef
Choi, H., Schoeni, R. F., Langa, K. M., & Heisler, M. M. (2014). Older adults’ residential proximity to their children: Changes after cardiovascular events. Journals of Gerontology, Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 70, 995–1004.CrossRef
Clark, R., & Wolf, D. (1992). Proximity of children and elderly migration. In A. Rogers (Ed.), Elderly migration and population redistribution: A comparative perspective (pp. 77–96). London, UK: Belhaven Press.
Clark, W. A. V. (2013). Life course events and residential change: Unpacking age effects on the probability of moving. Journal of Population Research, 30, 319–334.CrossRef
Clark, W. A. V., Deurloo, M., & Dieleman, F. (2006). Residential mobility and neighbourhood outcomes. Housing Studies, 21, 323–342.
Clark, W. A. V., & Ledwith, V. (2006). Mobility, housing stress, and neighborhood contexts: Evidence from Los Angeles. Environment & Planning A, 38, 1077–1093.CrossRef
Clark, W. A. V., & Maas, R. (2015). Interpreting migration through the prism of reasons for moves. Population, Space and Place, 21, 54–67.
Compton, J., & Pollak, R. A. (2014). Family proximity, childcare, and women’s labor force attachment. Journal of Urban Economics, 79, 72–90.CrossRef
Cooke, T. J. (2008). Migration in a family way. Population, Space and Place, 14, 255–265.CrossRef
Cooney, T. M., & Uhlenberg, P. (1992). Support from parents over the life course: The adult child’s perspective. Social Forces, 71, 63–84.CrossRef
Courgeau, D. (1990). Migration, family, and career: A life course approach. In P. Baltes, D. Featherman, & R. Lerner (Eds.), Life-span development and behaviour (Vol. 10, pp. 219–256). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Crowder, K., & South, S. J. (2005). Race, class, and changing migration patterns between poor and nonpoor neighborhoods. American Journal of Sociology, 110, 1715–1763.CrossRef
Dahl, M. S., & Sorenson, O. (2010). The social attachment to place. Social Forces, 89, 633–658.CrossRef
Dawkins, C. J. (2006). Are social networks the ties that bind families to neighborhoods? Housing Studies, 21, 867–881.CrossRef
Dewilde, C. (2008). Divorce and the housing movements of owner-occupiers: A European comparison. Housing Studies, 23, 809–832.CrossRef
Freeman, L. (2000). Minority housing segregation: A test of three perspectives. Journal of Urban Affairs, 22, 15–35.CrossRef
Frejinger, E., & Bierlaire, M. (2007). Sampling of alternatives for route choice modeling (Report TRANSP-OR 071121). Lusanne, Switzerland: Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne.
Gallagher, S., & Gerstel, N. (2001). Connections and constraints: The effects of children on caregiving. Journal of Marriage and Family, 63, 265–275.CrossRef
Geist, C., & McManus, P. A. (2008). Geographical mobility over the life course: Motivations and implications. Population, Space and Place, 14, 283–202.CrossRef
Glick, P. C., & Parke, R. (1965). New approaches in studying the life-cycle of the family. Demography, 2, 187–202.CrossRef
Greenwell, L., & Bengtson, B. (1997). Geographic distance and contact between middle-aged children and their parents: The effects of social class over 20 years. Journal of Gerontology, Series B: Social Sciences, 52B, S13–S26.CrossRef
Guo, Z., & Loo, B. P. Y. (2013). Pedestrian environment and route choice: Evidence from New York City and Hong Kong. Journal of Transport Geography, 28, 124–136.CrossRef
Hill, R. B. (1999). The strengths of black families: Twenty-five years later. Lanham, MD: University Press of America.
Ihrke, D. K., & Faber, C. S. (2012). Geographical mobility: 2005 to 2010 (Current Population Reports P20-567). Washington, DC: U.S. Census Bureau.
Joseph, A. E., & Hallman, B. C. (1998). Over the hill and far away: Distance as a barrier to the provision of assistance to elderly relatives. Social Science & Medicine, 46, 631–640.CrossRef
Kan, K. (2007). Residential mobility and social capital. Journal of Urban Economics, 61, 436–457.CrossRef
King, V., & Elder, G. H., Jr. (1997). The legacy of grandparenting: Childhood experiences with grandparents and current involvement with grandchildren. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 59, 848–859.CrossRef
Landale, N. S., & Guest, A. M. (1985). Constraints, satisfaction and residential mobility: Speare’s model reconsidered. Demography, 22, 199–222.CrossRef
Lin, G., & Rogerson, P. A. (1995). Elderly parents and the geographic availability of their adult children. Research on Aging, 17, 303–331.CrossRef
Litwak, E., & Kulis, S. (1987). Technology, proximity, and measures of kin support. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 49, 649–661.CrossRef
Logan, J. R., & Alba, R. D. (1993). Locational returns to human capital: Minority access to suburban community resources. Demography, 30, 243–268.CrossRef
Logan, J. R., & Alba, R. D. (1995). Who lives in affluent suburbs? Racial differences in eleven metropolitan regions. Sociological Focus, 28, 353–364.CrossRef
Long, J. S. (2006, July). Group comparisons and other issues in interpreting models for categorical outcomes using Stata. Paper presented at the 5th North American Users Group Meeting, Boston, MA.
Long, L. (1988). Migration and residential mobility in the United States. New York, NY: Russell Sage Foundation.
Massey, D. S., & Denton, N. A. (1993). American apartheid: Segregation and the making of the underclass. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
McFadden, D. (1978). Modeling the choice of residential location. In A. Karlqvist, F. Snickars, & J. Weibull (Eds.), Spatial interaction theory and planning models (pp. 75–96). Amsterdam, The Netherlands: North Holland.
McPherson, M., Smith-Lovin, L., & Brashears, M. E. (2006). Social isolation in America: Changes in core discussion networks over two decades. American Sociological Review, 71, 353–375.CrossRef
Michielin, F., Mulder, C., & Zorlu, A. (2008). Distance to parents and geographical mobility. Population, Space and Place, 14, 327–345.
Mulder, C. H. (2007). The family context and residential choice: A challenge for new research. Population, Space and Place, 13, 265–278.
Mulder, C. H., & van der Meer, M. (2009). Geographical distances and support from family members. Population, Space and Place, 15, 381–399.
Mulder, C. H., & Wagner, M. (1993). Migration and marriage in the life course: A method for studying synchronized events. European Journal of Population, 9, 55–76.CrossRef
Mulder, C. H., & Wagner, M. J. (2010). Union dissolution and mobility: Who moves from the family home after separation? Journal of Marriage and Family, 72, 1263–1273.
Oh, J. H. (2003). Social bonds and the migration intentions of elderly urban residents: The mediating effect of residential satisfaction. Population Research and Policy Review, 22, 127–146.CrossRef
Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID). (2013). Restricted use dataset. Ann Arbor: Institute for Social Research Survey Research Center, University of Michigan.
Permentier, M., Van Ham, M., & Bolt, G. (2009). Neighbourhood reputation and the intention to leave the neighbourhood. Environment & Planning A, 41, 2162–2180.CrossRef
Pettersson, A., & Malmberg, G. (2009). Adult children and elderly parents as mobility attractions in Sweden. Population, Space and Place, 15, 343–357.
Quillian, L. (2015). A comparison of traditional and discrete-choice approaches to the analysis of residential mobility and locational attainment. Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 660, 240–260.CrossRef
Rogerson, P. A., Weng, R. H., & Lin, G. (1993). The spatial separation of parents and their adult children. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 83, 656–671.CrossRef
Rossi, P. H. (1980). Why families move. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications.
Sarkisian, N., & Gerstel, N. (2004). Kin support among blacks and whites: Race and family organization. American Sociological Review, 69, 812–837.CrossRef
Sarkisian, N., & Gerstel, N. (2008). Till marriage do us part: Adult children’s relationships with their parents. Journal of Marriage and Family, 70, 360–376.CrossRef
Silverstein, M. (1995). Stability and change in temporal distance between the elderly and their children. Demography, 32, 29–45.CrossRef
Silverstein, M., & Bengtson, V. L. (1997). Intergenerational solidarity and the structure of adult child-parent relationships in American families. American Journal of Sociology, 103, 429–460.CrossRef
Silverstein, M., Giarrusso, R., & Bengtson, V. L. (1998). Intergenerational solidarity and the grandparent role. In M. Szinovacz (Ed.), Handbook on grandparenthood (pp. 144–158). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.
South, S. J., & Crowder, K. D. (1997). Residential mobility between cities and suburbs: Race, suburbanization, and back-to-the-city moves. Demography, 34, 525–538.CrossRef
South, S. J., & Crowder, K. D. (1998). Leaving the ’hood: Residential mobility between black, white, and integrated neighborhoods. American Sociological Review, 63, 17–26.CrossRef
Speare, A. J. (1974). Residential satisfaction as an intervening variable in residential mobility. Demography, 11, 173–188.CrossRef
Stack, C. B. (1974). All our kin: Strategies for survival in a black community. New York, NY: Harper & Row.
Staples, R. (1981). The myth of the black matriarchy. In F. C. Steady (Ed.), The black woman cross-culturally (pp. 335–348). Cambridge, MA: Schenkmann.
Survey, A. H. (2011). Public use file (version 1.1). Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development.
White, I. R., Royston, P., & Wood, A. M. (2011). Multiple imputation using chained equations: Issues and guidance for practice. Statistics in Medicine, 30, 377–399.CrossRef
Wilmoth, J. J. (2010). Health trajectories among older movers. Journal of Aging and Health, 22, 862–881.CrossRef
Xu, J., & Long, J. S. (2005). Confidence intervals for predicted outcomes in regression models for categorical outcomes. Stata Journal, 5, 537–559.
Zhang, Y., Engelman, M., & Agree, E. M. (2013). Moving considerations: A longitudinal analysis of parent-child residential proximity for older Americans. Research on Aging, 35, 663–687.CrossRef
Metadata
Title
Influence of Proximity to Kin on Residential Mobility and Destination Choice: Examining Local Movers in Metropolitan Areas
Authors
Amy Spring
Elizabeth Ackert
Kyle Crowder
Scott J. South
Publication date
05-07-2017
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Demography / Issue 4/2017
Print ISSN: 0070-3370
Electronic ISSN: 1533-7790
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13524-017-0587-x

Other articles of this Issue 4/2017

Demography 4/2017 Go to the issue

OriginalPaper

The Demography of Mental Health Among Mature Adults in a Low-Income, High-HIV-Prevalence Context

OriginalPaper

Postmarital Living Arrangements in Historically Patrilocal Settings: Integrating Household Fission and Migration Perspectives

OriginalPaper

Intergenerational Neighborhood Attainment and the Legacy of Racial Residential Segregation: A Causal Mediation Analysis

OriginalPaper

Does It Matter What She Wants? The Role of Individual Preferences Against Unmarried Motherhood in Young Women’s Likelihood of a Nonmarital First Birth

OriginalPaper

Education Gains Attributable to Fertility Decline: Patterns by Gender, Period, and Country in Latin America and Asia

OriginalPaper

Paternal Incarceration and Adolescent Social Network Disadvantage