Top

Published in:

2013 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

10. Innovative and Responsible Governance of Converging Technologies

Authors : Mihail C. Roco, David Rejeski, George Whitesides, Jake Dunagan, Alexander MacDonald, Erik Fisher, George Thompson, Robert Mason, Rosalyn Berne, Richard Appelbaum, David Feldman, Mark Suchman

Published in: Convergence of Knowledge, Technology and Society

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config

AI-assisted search

Off

Abstract

Systematic convergence in knowledge and technology promises to increase the rate of scientific breakthroughs, lead to the establishment of new S&T domains and support growing expectations for human progress, including improved productivity, education, and quality of life. A virtual spiral of creativity and innovation will have a significant effect on innovation, productivity, and commercialization. This chapter outlines societal dimensions and innovative and responsible governance of converging knowledge and technologies and the roles of individuals and public. Several goals for the next ten to advance innovation, economic productivity, human and quality of life are presented. Infrastructure needs and R&D strategies are focused on open-source, long-term planning, anticipatory and participatory governance, as well as harmonizing regulations among emerging technologies and internationally. Several priorities and possibilities are suggested for innovative and responsible governance of emerging and converging technologies, including national R&D centers, regulatory measures, and long-term planning.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

previous chapter Implications: Convergence of Knowledge and Technology for a Sustainable Society

See http://www.dailykos.com/story/2012/01/24/1057803/-Democracy-Technology for a list of labs, initiatives, and experiments in “democracy technology.”

A concept introduced by Donald Stokes (1997) to describe scientific research that is both fundamental and “use-inspired,” that takes a systems engineering approach to extending basic S&T understanding but applies it to solution of problems.

Cavin et al. (1989) provide an overview of SRC’s early organization, operation, and research results.

The budget data are taken from the COM-Proposal for HORIZON 2020 (COM(2011)811), 30.11.2011, and can be strongly modified due to readjustment of the budget due to negotiations of MFF 2014–2020.

Based on keywords from trend analysis, the frequencies for co-word pairs between keywords appearing in Google documents (2007–2009) have been counted. The number of counts designates the strength of connectivity between the keywords, and this can be shown as in Fig. 10.10 utilizing the network drawing program, “Netminer”.

As compared with the results of the same analysis for Google documents during 2004–2006, megatrend which is related to the formation of the clusters does not change, but the degree of the connectivity between the issues does change, meaning that there are emerging hot issues in recent years such as climate change–health, climate change–global governance and social network–healthcare connections.

This is a tentative name for the organization, provided by the author, since the exact English name for the organization had been not decided at the time this description was written.

First-generation single-crystalline silicon solar cells operate at 10–15 % conversion efficiency; cadmium telluride (CdTe) photovoltaics may reach 20 % efficiency; multijunction, thin-layer films promise 40 % efficiencies; quantum-dot structures hold high promise, with efficiencies approaching theoretical limits (Osman 2012, 23).

Chinese engineers are developing a variety of nanoscale approaches to filtration that, if successful, will remove virtually all water and soil contaminants, whether they are bacterial in origin stemming from organic wastes, or industrial effluences such as toxic metals (Wang and Huang 2012). Osman (2012, 24) notes that “novel polymeric materials and nanofibrous media may enable high flux, low pressure membranes, thus reducing energy demand.” (See also Hillie and Hlophe 2012, for examples from other developing countries.)

“Nanotechnology is fast emerging as the new platform for the next wave of development and transformation of agri-food systems… projected to have the potential to provide foundation for large emerging agriculture centered economies like India” (Sastry et al. 2009, 91; see also Rogers and Zader 2012).

Chinese scientists in particular are making advances in the areas of disease diagnosis and targeted drug delivery (Wang and Huang 2012).

Adner, R.: Match your innovation strategy to your innovation ecosystem. Harvard Business Review. http://pds12.egloos.com/pds/200811/07/31/R0604Fp2.pdf (2006). Accessed 2 Aug 2012

Anthony, S.D., Eyring, M., Gibson, L.: Mapping your innovation strategy. Harvard Business Review. http://ww3.harvardbusiness.org/corporate/assets/content/SDAnthony.pdf (2006). Accessed 2 Aug 2012

Appelbaum, R., Parker, R., Cao, C.: Developmental state and innovation: nanotechnology in China. Glob. Netw. 11(3), 298–314 (2011)CrossRef

Appelbaum, R., Cao, C., Parker, R., Motoyama, Y.: Nanotechnology as industrial policy: China and the United States. In: Harthorn, B.H., Mohr, J.W. (eds.) The Social Life of Nanotechnology, pp. 111–133. Routledge, New York (2012)

Armstrong, R.: Living Architecture: How Synthetic Biology Can Remake Our Cities and Reshape Our Lives. TED Books. Amazon Digital Services, New York (2012)

Bainbridge, W.S.: Online Worlds: Convergence of the Real and the Virtual. Springer, Dordrecht (2010)CrossRef

Barben, D., Fisher, E., Selin, C., Guston, D.H.: Anticipatory governance of nanotechnology: foresight, engagement, and integration. In: Edward, O.A., Hackett, J., Lynch, M., Wajcman, J. (eds.) The Handbook of Science and Technology Studies, 3rd edn, pp. 979–1000. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA (2008)

Battelle: Economic Impact of the Human Genome Project. Battelle Memorial Institute, Columbus (2011). http://battelle.org/docs/default-document-library/economic_impact_of_the_human_genome_project.pdf

Battelle: 2013 Global R&D Forecast. Available on the web http://www.battelle.org (2012)

Baumol, W.J.: Productivity, growth, convergence, and welfare: what the long-run data show. Am. Econ. Rev. 76(5), 1072–1085 (1986)

Baumol, W.J., Wolff, E.N.: Productivity, growth, convergence, and welfare: reply. Am. Econ. Rev. 78(5), 1155–1159 (1988)

Bitzer, L.: The rhetorical situation. Philos. Rhetor. 1(1), 1–14 (1968)

Breau, D.L., Brook, B.: “Mock” mock juries: a field experiment on the ecological validity of jury simulations. Law Psychol. Rev. HighBeam Res. 31, 77–92 (2007). http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-170157388.html

Brito Cruz, C.H.: Energy for development: the case of bioenergy in Brazil. In: Parker, R., Appelbaum, R. (eds.) Can Emerging Technologies Make a Difference in Development? pp. 127–139. Routledge, New York (2012)

Bunge, M.: A World of Systems. Reidel, Dordrecht/Boston (1979)

Bureau of Economic Analysis: 2010 recovery widespread across industries. April 26, http://www.bea.gov/newsreleases/industry/gdpindustry/2011/pdf/gdpind10_adv_fax.pdf. See also interactive access to industry economic accounts data, http://www.bea.gov/iTable/iTable.cfm?ReqID=5&step=1.5 (2011)

Burgess, J., Green, J.: YouTube: Online Video and Participatory Culture. Polity, Cambridge (2009)

Bürgi, B.R., Pradeep, T.: Societal implications of nanoscience and nanotechnology in developing countries. Curr. Sci. 90(5), 645–658 (2006)

Burke, S.J.: How to Build an Innovation Ecosystem. New York Academy of Sciences, New York (2011). http://www.nyas.org/publications/Detail.aspx?cid=da1b8e1d-ed2d-4da4-826d-00c987f63c82. Accessed 27 July 2012

Cao, C., Suttmeier, R.P., Simon, D.F.: China’s 15-year science and technology plan. Phys. Today 59, 38–43 (2006)CrossRef

Cao, C., Appelbaum, R., Parker, R.: Research is high and the market is far away: commercialization of nanotechnology in China. Tech Soc. 35(1), 55–64 (2013). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2013.03.004

Carr, N.: The Shallows: What the Internet Is Doing to Our Brains. Norton, New York (2010)

Cavin III, R.K., Sumney, L.W., Burger, R.M.: The semiconductor research corporation: cooperative research. Proc. IEEE 77, 1327–1344 (1989)CrossRef

Chi, R., Snyder, A.: Facilitate insight by non-invasive brain stimulation. PLoS ONE 6(2), e16655 (2011). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0016655 CrossRef

Chinni, D., Gimpel, J.: Our Patchwork Nation: The Surprising Truth About the Real America. Gotham, New York (2010)

CNS-UCSB (Center for Nanotechnology in Society at University of California at Santa Barbara). Emerging Technologies/Emerging Economies [Nano]technology for Equitable Development International Workshop. Woodrow Wilson Center for International Scholars, Washington, DC, 4–6 Nov 2009. See http://www.cns.ucsb.edu/events/nanoequity2009 (2009)

Cobb, M.D.: Creating informed public opinion: citizen deliberation about nanotechnologies for human enhancements. J. Nanoparticle Res. 13(4), 1533–1548 (2011)CrossRef

Coenen, C.: Konvergierende technologien und wissenschaften (Converging technologies: the status of the debate and political activities). Office of Technology Assessment at the German Bundestag, Background paper #16. Available online: http://www.tab-beim-bundestag.de/en/publications/reports/hp016.html (2008)

Collier, P.: The Bottom Billion: Why the Poorest Countries Are Falling and What Can Be Done About It. Oxford, New York (2007)

Cozzens, S.: Emerging technologies and inequalities: beyond the technological transition. In: Parker, R., Appelbaum, R. (eds.) Can Emerging Technologies Make a Difference in Development? pp. 47–60. Routledge, New York (2012)

Cramer, J.: Innovation ecosystems: everyone willing is at the center of the universe. InnovToday online: http://innovtoday.wordpress.com/2011/04/25/innovation-ecosystems-everyone-willing-is-at-the-centre-of-the-universe/#comments (2011). Accessed 27 July 2012

Dasgupta, J.: How an innovation system may look like. Innovation & Change (blog). http://jibakdasgupta.blogspot.com/2010/08/how-innovation-ecosystem-may-look-like.html (2010). Accessed 27 July 2012

De Long, J.B.: Productivity, growth, convergence, and welfare: comment. Am. Econ. Rev. 78(5), 1138–1154 (1988)

Du Rausas, M.P., Manyika, J., Hazan, E., Bughin, J., Chui, M., Said, R.: Internet Matters: The Net’s Sweeping Impact on Growth, Jobs, and Prosperity. McKinsey Global Institute, San Francisco (2011). http://www.mckinsey.com/Insights/MGI/Research/Technology_and_Innovation/Internet_matters

Economist: Innovation pessimism: has the ideas machine broken down? Available online: http://www.economist.com/news/briefing/21569381-idea-innovation-and-new-technology-have-stopped-driving-growth-getting-increasing (2013, Jan. 12)

ETAG (European Technology Assessment Group): Technology assessment on converging technologies. IP/A/STOA/SC/2005-183. http://www.scribd.com/doc/59157531/23/The-doom-scenarios-of-the-ETC-Group#page=15 (2005). Accessed 2 Aug 2012

ETC Group: The big down: from genomes to atoms, Atomtech: technologies converging at the nanoscale. Available online: http://www.etcgroup.org/sites/www.etcgroup.org/files/thebigdown.pdf (2003). Accessed 2 Aug 2012

ETC/NGO. The Potential Impact of Nanoscale Technologies on Commodity Dependent Developing Counties. ETC Group, Ottawa. Online at http://www.etcgroup.org/upload/publications/45/01/southcentre.commodities.pdf (2005)

FFF (Foundation for the Future), UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization): Humanity and the Biosphere, The Next Thousand Years. Seminar Proceedings 20–22 September 2006. Foundation for the Future, Bellevue (2007)

Fisher, E., Mahajan, R.L.: Embedding the humanities in engineering: art, dialogue, and a laboratory. In: Gorman, M.E. (ed.) Trading Zones and Interactional Expertise: Creating New Kinds of Collaboration, pp. 209–230. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA (2010)CrossRef

Fisher, E., Boenink, M., van der Burg, S., Woodbury, N.: Responsible healthcare innovation: anticipatory governance of nanodiagnostics for theranostics medicine. Expert. Rev. Mol. Diagn. 12(8), 857–870 (2012)CrossRef

Foladori, G.: Achieving equitable outcomes through emerging technologies: a social empowerment approach. In: Parker, R., Appelbaum, R. (eds.) Can Emerging Technologies Make a Difference in Development? pp. 40–46. Routledge, New York (2012)

Gehrke, P.: Public Engagement and Practicable Democracy. A Presentation at the Communicating Health & Safety Risks of Emergent Technologies Workshop, 28–29 August. North Carolina State University, Raleigh (2008). http://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL096FE2F4436C3783&feature=plcp. Accessed 2 Aug 2012

German Bundestag: Konvergierende technologien und wissenschaften: Der stand der debatte und politischen aktivitäten zu »converging technologies. Online: http://www.tab-beim-bundestag.de/de/publikationen/berichte/hp016.html (2008)

Gordon, R.J.: Is U.S. economic growth over? Faltering innovation confronts the six headwinds. NBIR Working Paper 18315, http://www.nber.org/papers/w18315. National Bureau of Economic Research, Boston (2012)

Grueber, T., Studt, T.: R&D funding forecast. R&D Magazine December16. Available online: http://go.nature.com/v2xzms (2012)

Guston, D.H.: Innovation policy: not just a jumbo shrimp. Nature 454(7207), 940–941 (2008)CrossRef

Halavais, A.: The Search Engine Society. Polity, Cambridge (2008)

Hamlett, P., Cobb, M., Guston, D.H.: National Citizens Technology Forum: Nanotechnologies and Human Enhancement. CNS-ASU Report #R08-0003. Center for Nanotechnology in Society, Arizona State University, Tempe (2008)

Harthorn, B.H., Shearer, C., Rogers, J.: Risk perception, public participation, and sustainable global development of nanotechnologies. In: Parker, R., Appelbaum, R. (eds.) Can Emerging Technologies Make a Difference in Development? pp. 188–197. Routledge, New York (2012)

Hassan, R.: The Information Society: Cyber Dreams and Digital Nightmares. Polity, Cambridge (2008)

Herr, D., Zhirnov, V.: Developments in the strategic partnership between the U.S. Government and the semiconductor industry. Future Fab International issue 17. Available online: http://www.future-fab.com/documents.asp?d_ID=2592 (2004)

Hillie, T., Hlophe, M.: Nanotechnology for potable water and general consumption in developing countries. In: Parker, R., Appelbaum, R. (eds.) Can Emerging Technologies Make a Difference in Development? pp. 105–115. Routledge, New York (2012)

Hwang, V.H., Horowitt, G.: The Rainforest: The Secret to Building the Next Silicon Valley. Regenwald, Los Altos (2012)

Invernizzi, N.: Implications of nanotechnology for labor and employment: assessing nanotechnology products in Brazil. In: Parker, R., Appelbaum, R. (eds.) Can Emerging Technologies Make a Difference in Development? pp. 140–152. Routledge, New York (2012)

Invernizzi, N., Foladori, G.: Nanotechnology and the developing world: will nanotechnology overcome poverty or widen disparities? Nanotechnol. Law Bus. 2(3), 101–110 (2005)

IRGC (International Risk Governance Council): White Paper on Risk Governance: Towards an Integrative Approach. IRGC, Geneva (2006). Online: http://www.irgc.org/IMG/pdf/IRGC_WP_No_1_Risk_Governance__reprinted_version_.pdf

IRGC: Global Risk Governance: Applying and Testing the IRGC Framework. Eds. Renn, O., Walker, K. Springer, Berlin (chapter on nanotechnology by M.C. Roco and O. Renn) (2008)

IRGC: Appropriate Risk Governance Strategies for Nanotechnology Applications in Food and Cosmetics. International Risk Governance Council, Geneva (2009). Available online: http://irgc.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/irgc_nanotechnologies_food_and_cosmetics_policy_brief1.pdf

Irvine-Halliday, D.: Solid state lighting: a market-based approach to escaping the ‘poverty trap.’. In: Parker, R., Appelbaum, R. (eds.) Can Emerging Technologies Make a Difference in Development? pp. 116–126. Routledge, New York (2012)

Jeon, H.R., Jeong, S.Y.: Introduction of open innovation system for convergent technology R&D, electronics and telecommunications trends. ETRI J. 25(1), 23–31 (2010)

Keck Futures Initiative: Synthetic Biology Building on Nature’s Inspiration. Interdisciplinary Research Team Summaries. November 20–22. The National Academies Press, Washington, DC (2009)

Lacy, S.: (Nano)technology and food security: what scientists can learn from Malian farmers? In: Parker, R., Appelbaum, R. (eds.) Can Emerging Technologies Make a Difference in Development? pp. 86–98. Routledge, New York (2012)

Lewis, D.: Rural development, technology, and “policy memory”: anthropological reflections from Bangladesh on technological change. In: Parker, R., Appelbaum, R. (eds.) Can Emerging Technologies Make a Difference in Development? pp. 28–39. Routledge, New York (2012)

Martin, B.: Foresight in science and technology. Technol. Anal. Strateg. Manage. 7, 139–168 (1996)CrossRef

Matthews, C.H.: Foreign Science and Engineering Presence in U.S. Institutions and the Labor Force. Congressional Research Service, Washington, D.C. (2010). March 23

Maynard, A., Grobe, A., Renn, O.: Responsible innovation, global governance, and emerging technologies. In: Parker, R., Appelbaum, R. (eds.) Can Emerging Technologies Make a Difference in Development? pp. 168–187. Routledge, New York (2012)

Mehta, A., Herron, P., Motoyama, Y., Appelbaum, R., Lenoir, T.: Globalization and de-globalization in nanotechnology research: the role of China. Scientometrics (March), 1–20 (2012)

Mnyuisiwalla, A., Daar, A.S., Singer, P.A.: Mind the gap: science and ethics in nanotechnology. Nanotechnology 13, R9–R13 (2003)CrossRef

Mossberger, K., Tolbert, C.J., McNeal, R.S.: Digital Citizenship: The Internet, Society, and Participation. The MIT Press, Cambridge, MA (2007)

Musaazi, M.K.: Innovations for development: the African challenge. In: Parker, R., Appelbaum, R. (eds.) Can Emerging Technologies Make a Difference in Development? pp. 99–104. Routledge, New York (2012)

Nisbet, M.: Communicating climate change: why frames matter for public engagement. Environ. Sci. Policy Sustain. Dev. 51(2), 12–23 (2009)CrossRef

NRC (National Research Council): Growing Innovation Clusters for American Prosperity: Summary of a Symposium. The National Academies Press, Washington, DC (2011)

NRC (National Research Council): Continuing Innovation in Information Technology. The National Academies Press, Washington, DC (2012)

NSF (U.S. National Science Foundation): Science and Engineering Doctorate Awards, 2006. Detailed Statistical Tables, Table 3. National Science Foundation, Arlington (2009 [March])

OECD: Where do students go to study abroad? In: Education at a Glance 2011: Highlights. Online at http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/docserver/download/fulltext/9611051ec013.pdf?expires=1325523346&id=id&accname=guest&checksum=C0E2EC02146BFEDD86488DB643C474AB (2011)

Osman, T.: Creating the future: materials, innovation, and the scientific community. In: Parker, R., Appelbaum, R. (eds.) Can Emerging Technologies Make a Difference in Development? pp. 21–27. Routledge, New York (2012)

Ostrom, E.: Economic governance. Scientific background on the Sveriges Riksbank prize in economic sciences in memory of Alfred Nobel. Economic governance. Compiled by the Economic Sciences Prize Committee of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. Available online: http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/economics/laureates/2009/advanced-economicsciences2009.pdf (2009)

Ostrom, E.: Polycentric systems for coping with collective action and global environmental change. Glob. Environ. Chang. 20, 55–557 (2010)

Parker, R., Appelbaum, R. (eds.): Can Emerging Technologies Make a Difference in Development? Routledge, New York (2012a)

Parker, R., Appelbaum, R.: Introduction: the promise and perils of high-tech approaches to development. In: Parker, R., Appelbaum, R. (eds.) Can Emerging Technologies Make a Difference in Development? pp. 1–20. Routledge, New York (2012b)

Parker, R., Appelbaum, R.: The Chinese century? Some implications of China’s move to high-tech innovation for U.S. policy. In: Harthorn, B.H., Mohr, J.W. (eds.) The Social Life of Nanotechnology, pp. 134–165. Routledge, New York (2012c)

Parsons, T.: Evolutionary universals in society. Am. Sociol. Rev. 29, 339–357 (1964)CrossRef

Parsons, T., Shils, E.A. (eds.): Toward a General Theory of Action. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA (1951)

PCAST (President’s Council of Advisors on Science and Technology): Report to the President and Congress on the Third Assessment of the National Nanotechnology Initiative. Executive Office of the President, Washington, DC (2010). Available online: http://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/microsites/ostp/pcast-nano-report.pdf

PCAST (President’s Council of Advisors on Science and Technology): Transformation and Opportunity: The Future of the U.S. Research Enterprise. Executive Office of the President, Washington, DC (2012). Available online: http://www.whitehouse.gov/administration/eop/ostp/pcast/docsreports

Quinn, N.: Finding Culture in Talk: A Collection of Methods. Palgrave, New York (2005)

Rescher, N.: Value Matters: Studies in Axiology. Ontos Verlag, Frankfurt (2005)

Roco, M.C.: Coherence and divergence of megatrends in the science and engineering. J. Nanopart. Res. 4, 9–19 (2002)CrossRef

Roco, M.C.: Possibilities for global governance of converging technologies. J. Nanopart. Res. 10, 11–29 (2008). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11051-007-9269-8 CrossRef

Roco, M.C.: Nanotechnology: from discovery to innovation and socioeconomic projects. CEP 107(5), 21–27 (2011)

Roco, M.C.: Global governance of emerging technologies: from science networking to coordinated oversight. In: Parker, R., Appelbaum, R. (eds.) Can Emerging Technologies Make a Difference in Development? pp. 198–201. Routledge, New York (2012)

Roco, M.C., Bainbridge, W.S.: Societal Implications of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology. Springer (previously Kluwer), Dordrecht (2001)CrossRef

Roco, M.C., Bainbridge, W.S. (eds.): Converging Technologies for Improving Human Performance: Nanotechnology, Biotechnology, Information Technology, and Cognitive Science. Kluwer Academic Publishers (now Springer), Dordrecht (2003)

Roco, M.C., Bainbridge, W.S.: Nanotechnology: Societal Implications, I and II (2 volumes). Springer (2007)

Roco, M.C., Mirkin, C.A., Hersam, M.C. (eds.): Nanotechnology Research Directions for Societal Needs in 2020: Retrospective and Outlook. Springer, Berlin/Boston (2011)

Rogers, J., Zader, A.: Food security: from the green revolution to nanotechnology. In: Parker, R., Appelbaum, R. (eds.) Can Emerging Technologies Make a Difference in Development? pp. 75–85. Routledge, New York (2012)

Salamanca-Buentello, F., Persad, D.L., Court, E.B., Martin, D.K., Daar, A.S., Singer, P.A.: Nanotechnology and the developing world. PLoS Med. 2, 5 (2003) (May)

Samuels, J.D.: Semiconductors and U.S. Economic Growth. Semiconductor Industry Association, Washington, DC (2012, April 1). http://www.sia-online.org/clientuploads/directory/DocumentSIA/ecoimpactsemidraft_Samuels.pdf

Sarewitz, D., Nelson, R.: Three rules for technological fixes. Nature 456, 871–872 (2008)CrossRef

Sastry, K., Rashmi, H.B., Rao, N.H., Ilyas, S.M.: Nanotechnology and agriculture in India: the second green revolution? OECD Conference on Potential Environmental Benefits of Nanotechnology: Fostering Safe Innovation-Led Growth. OECD Conference Center, Paris, July 15–17 (2009)

Schuurbiers, D.: What happens in the lab: applying midstream modulation to enhance critical reflection in the laboratory. Sci. Eng. Ethics 17(4), 769–788 (2011)CrossRef

Selin, C.: Negotiating plausibility: intervening in the future of nanotechnology. Sci. Eng. Ethics 17(4), 723–737 (2011)CrossRef

Shapira, P., Wang, J.: Follow the money. Nature 468(December 2), 627–628 (2010)CrossRef

Singer, P.A., Salamanca-Buentello, F., Daar, A.S.: Harnessing Nanotechnology to Produce Global Equity. Issues On-Line in Science and Technology. National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC (2005, Summer). http://www.issues.org/21.4/singer.html. Accessed 18 June 2012

Solow, R.M.: Technical change and the aggregate production function. Rev. Econ. Stat. 39, 312–320 (1957)CrossRef

Spence, M.: The Next Convergence: The Future of Economic Growth in a Multi-speed World. Farrar, Straus and Giroux, New York (2011)

Stern, P.: Design principles for the global commons: natural resources and emerging technology. Int. J. Commons 5(2), 213–232 (2011)

Stokes, D.E.: Pasteur’s Quadrant: Basic Science and Technological Innovation. Brookings Institution, Washington, DC (1997)

Sunstein, C.: Going to Extreme: How Like Minds Unit and Divide. Oxford UP, New York (2009)

Suresh, S.: Global challenges need global solution. Nature 490(7420), 337–338 (2012)CrossRef

Tenner, E.: Why Things Bite Back: Technology and the Revenge of Unintended Consequences. Vintage, New York (1997)

UNESCO. The Ethics and Politics of Nanotechnology. UNESCO, Paris. Online at http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0014591e.pdf (2006a)

UNESCO. Global Ethics Observatory. UNESCO, Paris. Online at www.unesco.org/shs/ethics/geobs (2006b)

UNESCO. Humanity and the Biosphere: The Next Thousand Years. UNESCO and “The Foundation for the Future”. Paris (2006c)

Vester, F.: The Art of Interconnected Thinking: Tools and Concepts for a New Approach to Tackling Complexity. MCB, Munich (2008)

von Hippel, E.: Sticky information and the locus of problem solving: implications for innovation. Manag. Sci. 40(4), 429–439 (1994)CrossRef

Wagner, C.: The New Invisible College: Science for Development. Brookings Institution Press, Washington, DC (2008)

Wagner, C.S., Brahmakulam, I., Jackson, B., Wong, A., Yoda, T.: Science and Technology Collaboration: Building Capacity in Developing Countries? Monograph Report-1357-WB. RAND Corporation, Santa Monica (2001)

Wang, C., Huang, C.: The progress of nanotechnology in China. In: Parker, R., Appelbaum, R. (eds.) Can Emerging Technologies Make a Difference in Development? pp. 61–74. Routledge, New York (2012)

West, D.M.: The Next Wave: Using Digital Technology to Further Social and Political Innovation. Brookings Institution Press, Washington, DC (2011)

Yang, H.: Summer conference. The Korean Society for Innovation Management & Economics (2012, June)

Title: Innovative and Responsible Governance of Converging Technologies
Authors: Mihail C. Roco
David Rejeski
George Whitesides
Jake Dunagan
Alexander MacDonald
Erik Fisher
George Thompson
Robert Mason
Rosalyn Berne
Richard Appelbaum
David Feldman
Mark Suchman
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Book: Convergence of Knowledge, Technology and Society
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-02203-1

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-319-02204-8

Copyright Year: 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-02204-8_10

Springer Professional

Abstract

Please log in to get access to your license.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Springer Professional "Technik"

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Premium Partners