1. Introduction

The study of mechanical shock has its origins in several disciplines. Many aspects of the field originated with the military and the need to keep weapons and equipment functional and reliable under harsh operating conditions. Similarly, civil engineering needs have contributed through seismic resistant designs. Earthquakes can be extremely damaging and cause significant loss of life due to the unpredictable nature of the event and the fact that many structures have historically not been designed to be shaken. Shocks are also common in transportation systems: rail car couplings, poor quality roads, aircraft operation, and space systems. The various types of mechanical shock can precipitate both structural failures and functional failures. This chapter provides a historical introduction to the various types of mechanical shock.