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08-02-2023

Invasive Wetland Weeds Derived Biochar Properties Affecting Soil Carbon Dynamics of South Indian Tropical Ultisol

Authors: Shanthi Prabha Viswanathan, Gopika Vijayakumar Njazhakunnathu, Sreekanth Prakasan Neelamury, Babu Padmakumar, Thomas Paili Ambatt

Published in: Environmental Management | Issue 2/2023

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Abstract

This study aimed to: (i) investigate the agronomic properties of biochars derived from selected invasive wetland weeds and (ii) examine the effect of biochar on soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics and stability of tropical Ultisol soil. The biochars were analyzed for proximate properties, surface characteristics, elemental composition, functional groups, and thermal and carbon stability. Plant growth studies supplemented with biochar under greenhouse conditions for 1 year were conducted. The SOC, its fractions, and its dynamics were studied. The biochar incorporation significantly increased the SOC and its stable fractions like mineral Organic Carbon (MOC), fine-particulate organic carbon (fPOC), and Non-labile Carbon (NLC) by 24.54–7.82, 5.79–2.0, and 9.50–2.16 g kg⁻¹ than control. The labile carbon fractions like Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC), and coarse-Particulate Organic Carbon (cPOC) showed a substantial reduction by 0.72–0.26 and 2.92–1.29 g kg⁻¹ respectively. However, the easily oxidizable carbon (EOC) and microbial biomass carbon (MBC) content increased by 2.10–4.87 g kg⁻¹ and 28.33–158.55 mg kg⁻¹ respectively. The addition of biochars resulted in the stabilization of soil aggregates. Likewise, substantial CO₂ emission reduction (75.24–46.60%) has been achieved during the trials. The carbon pool management index (CPMI) values recorded a substantial increase of 40–7.2% between the trials. The findings imply that the inherent nature of weed biomasses determines the characteristics of the resulting biochar, and their application significantly influenced the carbon dynamics of the tropical Ultisol soil.

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Title: Invasive Wetland Weeds Derived Biochar Properties Affecting Soil Carbon Dynamics of South Indian Tropical Ultisol
Authors: Shanthi Prabha Viswanathan
Gopika Vijayakumar Njazhakunnathu
Sreekanth Prakasan Neelamury
Babu Padmakumar
Thomas Paili Ambatt
Publication date: 08-02-2023
Publisher: Springer US
Published in: Environmental Management / Issue 2/2023
Print ISSN: 0364-152X
Electronic ISSN: 1432-1009
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-023-01791-3

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