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Public Organization Review

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01-06-2015

Is the NPT an Effective International Instrument to Stop Nuclear Proliferation Without the Establishment of an International Organisation to Supervise the Implementation of its Provision?

Author: Jorge Morales Pedraza

Published in: Public Organization Review | Issue 2/2015

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Abstract

The NPT is the cornerstone of the nuclear non-proliferation regime, which includes a group of regional and international agreements that have been used, with some success, to slow down the spread of nuclear weapons during the past 43 years, but it has been incapable to completely stop the proliferation of such weapons. This dangerous situation is affecting international peace, security and stability. The paper presents several proposals that could change this situation, if are adopted by the international community.

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The NPT was open to signature on July 1, 1968 and entered into force on March 5, 1970.

Four States (South Africa, Byelorussia (now Belarus), Kazakhstan and Ukraine) destroyed or transferred to Russia all their nuclear weapons in the 1990s.

This type of actions was also used by other nuclear-weapons States to reduce their nuclear-weapon arsenals.

The SALT II Treaty signed by the USA and the former USSR in 1978 was abandoned because the Treaty was not ratified by any of their legislatives bodies.

The START III Treaty was signed on April 2010. The US Congress approved the Treaty in 2010 and the Russia’s DUMA on January 2011.

It is important to highlight the following: Some Western powers, notably the USA, appear increasingly comfortable with the acquisition of nuclear-weapon arsenals by Israel, India and Pakistan—at least provided they remain allies in the war on terrorism and their nuclear ambitions stay within certain qualitative and quantitative limits. The rest of the world is less sanguine, concerned about regional instability and porous boundaries. (Johnson 2004)

For additional information on the establishment of the Non-Proliferation Committee see Morales Pedraza (2009).

These countries are Iraq, Iran, the DPRK and Libya.

Elbaradei, M. (2004). Speech pronounced by the Director General of the IAEA in a meeting on nuclear non-proliferation: global security in a rapidly changing world, International Carnegie non-proliferation Conference, held on 21 June 2004 in Washington D.C., USA p 1.

Goldblat, J. (2009). Amending the non-proliferation regime. Ideas for peace and security; Disarmament forum; United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research, UNIDIR. No 1 and 2, pp 37 and 38.

Johnson, R. (2004). Is the NPT up to the challenge of proliferation? The 2005 NPT Review Conference; Disarmament Forum (p. 10). Geneva: UNIDIR.

Morales Pedraza, J. (2009). Nuclear disarmament: Concepts, principles and actions for strengthening the non-proliferation regimes (pp. 32–42 and 211-254). New York: Nova Science.

Morales Pedraza, J. (2013). The proliferation of nuclear weapons: How to Stop It? (pp 29-43 and 66-224). Lampert Academic Publishing.

The Canberra Commission on the Elimination of Nuclear Weapons. (1995). The Canberra Commission’s report, November 1995, pp 1.

Treaty on Non-proliferation of Nuclear Weapons-Article VI (NPT). (1968). Department for Disarmament Affairs, United Nations.

Weapons of Terror: Freeing the World of Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical Arms. (2006). Weapons of Mass Destruction Commission, final report; Stockholm, Sweden, 1 June 2006; p 60.

Title: Is the NPT an Effective International Instrument to Stop Nuclear Proliferation Without the Establishment of an International Organisation to Supervise the Implementation of its Provision?
Author: Jorge Morales Pedraza
Publication date: 01-06-2015
Publisher: Springer US
Published in: Public Organization Review / Issue 2/2015
Print ISSN: 1566-7170
Electronic ISSN: 1573-7098
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11115-013-0269-0

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