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2016 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

1. Marine Ecosystem: An Overview

Authors : Abhijit Mitra, Sufia Zaman

Published in: Basics of Marine and Estuarine Ecology

Publisher: Springer India

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Abstract

About 71 % of the surface of the planet Earth is covered by saline water. The water depth averages 3.8 km, a volume of 1370 × 10⁶ km³. This is the marine ecosystem and is the reservoir of food, oil, natural gas, minerals and several bioactive substances that have immense importance in the pharmaceutical industries. The ecosystem sustains the livelihood of millions of people. The oceans serve as the main highway for international trade as well as the main stabilizer of the world’s climate. The oceanic waters and sediments are also the dwelling place of a large variety of flora and fauna. According to the Global Biodiversity Assessment, produced by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), there are 178,000 marine species in 34 phyla.

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Title: Marine Ecosystem: An Overview
Authors: Abhijit Mitra
Sufia Zaman
Publisher: Springer India
Book: Basics of Marine and Estuarine Ecology
Print ISBN: 978-81-322-2705-2

Electronic ISBN: 978-81-322-2707-6

Copyright Year: 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2707-6_1