Skip to main content
Top

2017 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

13. Measuring the Country Brand Image: Implications to Manage the Smart Cities

Authors : José María Cubillo-Pinilla, Alicia Blanco-González, Cristina Marín-Palacios, Mariano Méndez-Suárez

Published in: Sustainable Smart Cities

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to validate the country brand image of Spain. This measurement permits to assess if the country brand image is positive or negative, and its implications for governments. If the Spanish companies perceive positively the image of Spain then support policies related to smart cities will be easier to approve and apply. The chapter concludes that the image of Spain is experiencing a dynamic and positive development. Spain is perceived as a country with friendly, creative, and qualified people. This perception reinforces that one of Spain’s best assets is its human capital. However, Spain is perceived as a country developing a reputation with regard to innovation and technology. These results indicate that the implementation of policies of smart cities will strengthen the brand image of Spain and therefore its implementation will be supported by public-private institutions.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literature
go back to reference Anholt, S. (2002). Nation branding: A continuing theme. Journal of Brand Management, 10(1), 59–60.CrossRef Anholt, S. (2002). Nation branding: A continuing theme. Journal of Brand Management, 10(1), 59–60.CrossRef
go back to reference Anholt, S. (2007). Competitive identity: The new brand management for nations, cities and regions. Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave Macmillan.CrossRef Anholt, S. (2007). Competitive identity: The new brand management for nations, cities and regions. Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave Macmillan.CrossRef
go back to reference Anholt, S. (2009). Branding places and nations. In R. Clifton & J. Simmons (Eds.), Brands and branding (pp. 206–216). New Jersey: Bloomberg Press. Anholt, S. (2009). Branding places and nations. In R. Clifton & J. Simmons (Eds.), Brands and branding (pp. 206–216). New Jersey: Bloomberg Press.
go back to reference Beerli, A., & Martin, J. D. (2004). Factors influencing destination image. Annals of Tourism Research, 31(3), 657–681.CrossRef Beerli, A., & Martin, J. D. (2004). Factors influencing destination image. Annals of Tourism Research, 31(3), 657–681.CrossRef
go back to reference Biel, A. L. (1993). Converging image into equity. In D. A. Aaker & A. L. Biel (Eds.), Brand equity and advertising – Advertising’s role in building strong brands (pp. 67–82). New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Association. Biel, A. L. (1993). Converging image into equity. In D. A. Aaker & A. L. Biel (Eds.), Brand equity and advertising – Advertising’s role in building strong brands (pp. 67–82). New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Association.
go back to reference Bigné, J. E., Sá nchez, M. I., & Sánchez, J. (2001). Tourism image, evaluation variables and after purchase behavior: Interrelationship. Tourism Management, 22(6), 607–616.CrossRef Bigné, J. E., Sá nchez, M. I., & Sánchez, J. (2001). Tourism image, evaluation variables and after purchase behavior: Interrelationship. Tourism Management, 22(6), 607–616.CrossRef
go back to reference Caraglui, A., Del Bo, C., Nijkamp, P. (2009). Smart cities in Europe. 3rd Central European Conference in Regional Science – CERS, 2009, 45–59. Caraglui, A., Del Bo, C., Nijkamp, P. (2009). Smart cities in Europe. 3rd Central European Conference in Regional Science – CERS, 2009, 45–59.
go back to reference Chaudhuri, A., & Holbrook, M. (2001). The chain of effects from brand trust and brand affect to brand performance: The role of brand loyalty. Journal of Marketing, 65(2), 81–93.CrossRef Chaudhuri, A., & Holbrook, M. (2001). The chain of effects from brand trust and brand affect to brand performance: The role of brand loyalty. Journal of Marketing, 65(2), 81–93.CrossRef
go back to reference Chourabi, H., Mellouli, S., & Bouslama, F. (2009). Modeling e-government business processes: New approaches to transparent and efficient performance. Information Policy, 14(1), 91–109. Chourabi, H., Mellouli, S., & Bouslama, F. (2009). Modeling e-government business processes: New approaches to transparent and efficient performance. Information Policy, 14(1), 91–109.
go back to reference Chourabi, H., Nam, T., Walker, S., Gil-Garcia, J. R., Mellouli, S., Nahon, K., et al. (2012). Understanding Smart Cities: An intregrative framework. IEEE Computer Society, Proceedings of the 45th Hawaii International Conference, (pp. 2289–2297). Chourabi, H., Nam, T., Walker, S., Gil-Garcia, J. R., Mellouli, S., Nahon, K., et al. (2012). Understanding Smart Cities: An intregrative framework. IEEE Computer Society, Proceedings of the 45th Hawaii International Conference, (pp. 2289–2297).
go back to reference Cubillo, J. M., Sánchez, J., & Cerviño, J. (2006). International students’ decision’s making process. International Journal of Educational Management, 20(2), 101–115. Cubillo, J. M., Sánchez, J., & Cerviño, J. (2006). International students’ decision’s making process. International Journal of Educational Management, 20(2), 101–115.
go back to reference D’ Astous, A., & Boujbel, L. (2007). Positioning countries on personality dimensions: Scale development and implications for country marketing. Journal of Business Research, 60(3), 231–239.CrossRef D’ Astous, A., & Boujbel, L. (2007). Positioning countries on personality dimensions: Scale development and implications for country marketing. Journal of Business Research, 60(3), 231–239.CrossRef
go back to reference Delgado-Ballester, E., Munuera-Aleman, J. L., & Yague-Guillen, M. J. (2003). Development and validation of a brand trust scale. International Journal of Market Research, 45(1), 35–76. Delgado-Ballester, E., Munuera-Aleman, J. L., & Yague-Guillen, M. J. (2003). Development and validation of a brand trust scale. International Journal of Market Research, 45(1), 35–76.
go back to reference Dinnie, K. (2004). Place branding: Overview of an emerging literature. Place Branding, 1, 106–110.CrossRef Dinnie, K. (2004). Place branding: Overview of an emerging literature. Place Branding, 1, 106–110.CrossRef
go back to reference Dinnie, K. (2008). Nation branding – Concepts, Issues, Practice. Oxford, UK: Butterworth Heinemann. Dinnie, K. (2008). Nation branding – Concepts, Issues, Practice. Oxford, UK: Butterworth Heinemann.
go back to reference Erkkilä, K. (2014). Espoo is a Smart City through collaboration. Interdisciplinary Studies Journal, 3(4), 218–226. Erkkilä, K. (2014). Espoo is a Smart City through collaboration. Interdisciplinary Studies Journal, 3(4), 218–226.
go back to reference Fetscherin, M. (2010). The determinants and measurement of a country brand: The country brand strength index. International Marketing Review, 27(4), 466–479.CrossRef Fetscherin, M. (2010). The determinants and measurement of a country brand: The country brand strength index. International Marketing Review, 27(4), 466–479.CrossRef
go back to reference Glaeser, E. L., & Berry, C. R. (2006). Why are smart places getting smarter. Cambridge, MA: Rappaport Institute/Taubman. Glaeser, E. L., & Berry, C. R. (2006). Why are smart places getting smarter. Cambridge, MA: Rappaport Institute/Taubman.
go back to reference Highhouse, S., Brooks, M. E., & Gregarus, G. (2009). An organizational impression management perspective on the formation of corporate reputations. Journal of Management, 35(6), 1481–1493.CrossRef Highhouse, S., Brooks, M. E., & Gregarus, G. (2009). An organizational impression management perspective on the formation of corporate reputations. Journal of Management, 35(6), 1481–1493.CrossRef
go back to reference Hosany, S., Ekinci, Y., & Uysal, M. (2006). Destination image and destination personality: An application of branding theories to tourism places. Journal of Business Research, 59(5), 638–642.CrossRef Hosany, S., Ekinci, Y., & Uysal, M. (2006). Destination image and destination personality: An application of branding theories to tourism places. Journal of Business Research, 59(5), 638–642.CrossRef
go back to reference Johnston, Y. (2008). Developing brand South Africa. In K. Dinnie (Ed.), Nation branding: Concepts, issues, practice (pp. 5–13). Burlington: Butterworth-Heinemann. Johnston, Y. (2008). Developing brand South Africa. In K. Dinnie (Ed.), Nation branding: Concepts, issues, practice (pp. 5–13). Burlington: Butterworth-Heinemann.
go back to reference Kavaratzis, M. (2005). Place branding: A review of trends and conceptual model. The Marketing Review, 5(4), 329–342.CrossRef Kavaratzis, M. (2005). Place branding: A review of trends and conceptual model. The Marketing Review, 5(4), 329–342.CrossRef
go back to reference Kim, C. K., & Chung, J. Y. (1997). Brand popularity, country image and market share: An empirical study. Journal of International Business Studies 28(2), 361–386. Kim, C. K., & Chung, J. Y. (1997). Brand popularity, country image and market share: An empirical study. Journal of International Business Studies 28(2), 361–386.
go back to reference Lehman, D. R., Lane Keller, K., & Farley, J. U. (2008). The survey based brand metrics. Journal of International Marketing, 16(4), 29.CrossRef Lehman, D. R., Lane Keller, K., & Farley, J. U. (2008). The survey based brand metrics. Journal of International Marketing, 16(4), 29.CrossRef
go back to reference Olins, W. (2002). Branding the nation – The historical context. Journal of Brand Management, 9(4-5), 241–248.CrossRef Olins, W. (2002). Branding the nation – The historical context. Journal of Brand Management, 9(4-5), 241–248.CrossRef
go back to reference Papadopoulos, N., & Heslop, L. A. (2003). Country equity and product-country images: state of art in research and implications. In S. C. Jain (Ed.), Handbook of research in international marketing (pp. 402–433). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar. Papadopoulos, N., & Heslop, L. A. (2003). Country equity and product-country images: state of art in research and implications. In S. C. Jain (Ed.), Handbook of research in international marketing (pp. 402–433). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
go back to reference Skinner, H., & Kubacki, K. (2007). Unravelling the complex relationship between nationhood, national and cultural identity, and place branding. Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 3(4), 305–316.CrossRef Skinner, H., & Kubacki, K. (2007). Unravelling the complex relationship between nationhood, national and cultural identity, and place branding. Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 3(4), 305–316.CrossRef
go back to reference Sung, Y., & Kim, J. (2010). Effects of brand personality on brand trust and brand affect. Psychology & Marketing, 27(7), 639–661.CrossRef Sung, Y., & Kim, J. (2010). Effects of brand personality on brand trust and brand affect. Psychology & Marketing, 27(7), 639–661.CrossRef
go back to reference Vanolo, A. (2014). Smartmentality: The Smart City as disciplinary strategy. Urban Studies, 51(5), 883–898.CrossRef Vanolo, A. (2014). Smartmentality: The Smart City as disciplinary strategy. Urban Studies, 51(5), 883–898.CrossRef
go back to reference Whetten, D., & Mackey, A. (2002). A social actor conception of organization and identity and its implications for the study of organizational reputation. Business and Society, 41(4), 393–414.CrossRef Whetten, D., & Mackey, A. (2002). A social actor conception of organization and identity and its implications for the study of organizational reputation. Business and Society, 41(4), 393–414.CrossRef
go back to reference Winters, J. V. (2011). Why are Smart cities ties growing? Who moves and who stays? Journal of Regional Science, 51, 253–270.CrossRef Winters, J. V. (2011). Why are Smart cities ties growing? Who moves and who stays? Journal of Regional Science, 51, 253–270.CrossRef
go back to reference Yasin, N. M., Noor, M. N., & Mohamad, O. (2007). Does image of country-of-origin matter to brand equity. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 16(1), 38–48.CrossRef Yasin, N. M., Noor, M. N., & Mohamad, O. (2007). Does image of country-of-origin matter to brand equity. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 16(1), 38–48.CrossRef
Metadata
Title
Measuring the Country Brand Image: Implications to Manage the Smart Cities
Authors
José María Cubillo-Pinilla
Alicia Blanco-González
Cristina Marín-Palacios
Mariano Méndez-Suárez
Copyright Year
2017
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40895-8_13