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2018 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

Microsensors and Systems for Water Quality Determination

Authors : Shanhong Xia, Jianhua Tong, Chao Bian, Jizhou Sun, Yang Li

Published in: Micro Electro Mechanical Systems

Publisher: Springer Singapore

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Abstract

Water pollution is serious in many countries, and eutrophication and heavy metals are the main pollutants. Cost-effective, miniaturized and highly sensitive sensors for on-site detection and online monitoring of water quality have attracted more attentions. In this chapter, several microsensors and systems are presented for highly sensitive detection of total phosphorus (TP), total nitrogen (TN), and heavy metal ions (Cu²⁺, Pb²⁺, Zn²⁺, Hg²⁺), which are main indicators for eutrophication and heavy metals pollution. As the effective ways to improve the sensitivity and the limit of detection, several sensitivity-enrichment methods such as nano-materials modification on microelectrodes, and pretreatment processes such as thermally assisted ultraviolet digestion and ionic-liquid based preconcentration are also introduced. The electrochemical microsensors were fabricated by MEMS-based bulk fabrication process, and integrated with microfluidic units to realize a continuous monitoring of trace pollution targets. A buoy-based automated analytical system was developed by integrating central controller module, sequential injection module, and electrochemical analytical module together, and it was applied to online monitoring of water quality in fresh waters.

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Title: Microsensors and Systems for Water Quality Determination
Authors: Shanhong Xia
Jianhua Tong
Chao Bian
Jizhou Sun
Yang Li
Publisher: Springer Singapore
Book: Micro Electro Mechanical Systems
Print ISBN: 978-981-10-5944-5

Electronic ISBN: 978-981-10-5945-2

Copyright Year: 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5945-2_13