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01-11-2014 | Research Paper

Modeling population exposures to silver nanoparticles present in consumer products

Authors: Steven G. Royce, Dwaipayan Mukherjee, Ting Cai, Shu S. Xu, Jocelyn A. Alexander, Zhongyuan Mi, Leonardo Calderon, Gediminas Mainelis, KiBum Lee, Paul J. Lioy, Teresa D. Tetley, Kian Fan Chung, Junfeng Zhang, Panos G. Georgopoulos

Published in: Journal of Nanoparticle Research | Issue 11/2014

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Abstract

Exposures of the general population to manufactured nanoparticles (MNPs) are expected to keep rising due to increasing use of MNPs in common consumer products (PEN 2014). The present study focuses on characterizing ambient and indoor population exposures to silver MNPs (nAg). For situations where detailed, case-specific exposure-related data are not available, as in the present study, a novel tiered modeling system, Prioritization/Ranking of Toxic Exposures with GIS (geographic information system) Extension (PRoTEGE), has been developed: it employs a product life cycle analysis (LCA) approach coupled with basic human life stage analysis (LSA) to characterize potential exposures to chemicals of current and emerging concern. The PRoTEGE system has been implemented for ambient and indoor environments, utilizing available MNP production, usage, and properties databases, along with laboratory measurements of potential personal exposures from consumer spray products containing nAg. Modeling of environmental and microenvironmental levels of MNPs employs probabilistic material flow analysis combined with product LCA to account for releases during manufacturing, transport, usage, disposal, etc. Human exposure and dose characterization further employ screening microenvironmental modeling and intake fraction methods combined with LSA for potentially exposed populations, to assess differences associated with gender, age, and demographics. Population distributions of intakes, estimated using the PRoTEGE framework, are consistent with published individual-based intake estimates, demonstrating that PRoTEGE is capable of capturing realistic exposure scenarios for the US population. Distributions of intakes are also used to calculate biologically relevant population distributions of uptakes and target tissue doses through human airway dosimetry modeling that takes into account product MNP size distributions and age-relevant physiological parameters.

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Title: Modeling population exposures to silver nanoparticles present in consumer products
Authors: Steven G. Royce
Dwaipayan Mukherjee
Ting Cai
Shu S. Xu
Jocelyn A. Alexander
Zhongyuan Mi
Leonardo Calderon
Gediminas Mainelis
KiBum Lee
Paul J. Lioy
Teresa D. Tetley
Kian Fan Chung
Junfeng Zhang
Panos G. Georgopoulos
Publication date: 01-11-2014
Publisher: Springer Netherlands
Published in: Journal of Nanoparticle Research / Issue 11/2014
Print ISSN: 1388-0764
Electronic ISSN: 1572-896X
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-014-2724-4

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