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2016 | Book

The Piezoelectric Medium and Its Characteristics Read chapter Read first chapter

Modern Piezoelectric Energy-Harvesting Materials

Authors: Christopher R. Bowen, Vitaly Yu. Topolov, Hyunsun Alicia Kim

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

Book Series : Springer Series in Materials Science

Part of: Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" , Springer Professional "Technik"

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About this book

This book covers the topic of vibration energy harvesting using piezoelectric materials. Piezoelectric materials are analyzed in the context of their electromechanical coupling, heterogeneity, microgeometry and interrelations between electromechanical properties. Piezoelectric ceramics and composites based on ferroelectrics are advanced materials that are suitable for harvesting mechanical energy from vibrations using inertial energy harvesting which relies on the resistance of a mass to acceleration and kinematic energy harvesting which couples the energy harvester to the relative movement of different parts of a source. In addition to piezoelectric materials, research efforts to develop optimization methods for complex piezoelectric energy harvesters are also reviewed. The book is important for specialists in the field of modern advanced materials and will stimulate new effective piezotechnical applications.

Table of Contents

Frontmatter
Chapter 1. The Piezoelectric Medium and Its Characteristics
Abstract
An effect that links a mechanical action (mechanical stress or strain) with an electrical response (electric field, electric displacement or polarisation) is the piezoelectric effect or, more exactly, the direct piezoelectric effect. This effect was first studied by brothers P. Curie and J. Curie in experimental work (1880) on the behaviour of quartz single crystals (SCs) subjected to an external mechanical stress.
Christopher R. Bowen, Vitaly Yu. Topolov, Hyunsun Alicia Kim
Chapter 2. Electromechanical Coupling Factors and Their Anisotropy in Piezoelectric and Ferroelectric Materials
Abstract
The ECF characterises the conversion of electrical energy into the mechanical form and the conversion of mechanical energy into the electric form (see work [1, 2] and Sect. 1.​2). A system of the ECFs (see, for example, (1.​21)–(1.​27) for poled FCs) is introduced to describe the conversion and takes into account the symmetry of a piezoelectric material, orientations of its crystallographic axes, input and output arrangements, etc.
Christopher R. Bowen, Vitaly Yu. Topolov, Hyunsun Alicia Kim
Chapter 3. Figures of Merit of Modern Piezo-Active Ceramics and Composites
Abstract
In the past decades, various figures of merit have been introduced to characterise the effectiveness of modern functional materials in the context of their piezoelectric and/or pyroelectric properties [1–5].
Christopher R. Bowen, Vitaly Yu. Topolov, Hyunsun Alicia Kim
Chapter 4. Piezoelectric Mechanical Energy Harvesters and Related Materials
Abstract
Energy harvesting (or ‘energy scavenging’) is a subject that continues to receive both industrial and academic interest since it provides a route to create autonomous and self-powered low-power electronic devices, example applications include wireless sensor networks or self-powered low-power electronics. An excellent commercial example is the recent commercial system developed which converts the vibration of rolling stock into electrical power for the wireless communication of sensors that predict the failure of rail wheel bearings [1].
Christopher R. Bowen, Vitaly Yu. Topolov, Hyunsun Alicia Kim
Chapter 5. Conclusions
Abstract
The present monograph has been devoted to the performance of modern piezoelectric materials that can be applied as active elements of energy-harvesting devices or systems. In the last decade piezoelectric materials (mainly poled FCs and piezo-active composites based on either FCs or relaxor-ferroelectric SCs) have been the focus of many studies on energy-harvesting characteristics.
Christopher R. Bowen, Vitaly Yu. Topolov, Hyunsun Alicia Kim
Backmatter
Metadata
Title
Modern Piezoelectric Energy-Harvesting Materials
Authors
Christopher R. Bowen
Vitaly Yu. Topolov
Hyunsun Alicia Kim
Copyright Year
2016
Electronic ISBN
978-3-319-29143-7
Print ISBN
978-3-319-29141-3
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-29143-7