Top

Flow, Turbulence and Combustion

Published in:

30-03-2023 | Research

Multi-regime mixing modeling for local extinction and re-ignition in turbulent non-premixed flame by using LES/FDF method

Authors: Haifeng Wang, Shashank Kashyap

Published in: Flow, Turbulence and Combustion | Issue 1/2023

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config

AI-assisted search

Off

Abstract

Local extinction and re-ignition occur in turbulent non-premixed combustion when the Damköhler number is not large enough and the combustion is not fully mixing controlled. The occurrence of local extinction introduces locally extinguished flame holes followed by a premixed flame propagation toward the hole center to potentially reignite the flame. The co-existence of the non-premixed and premixed combustion regimes complicates the modeling since traditional combustion models are mostly for a single regime. In this work, we examine the effect of multi-regime mixing modeling in the transported filtered density function (FDF) method on the predictions of local extinction and reignition. Predictions of local extinction and reignition remain a challenge for the FDF method despite the progress made in the past. To account for the multi-regime combustion, two different mixing timescale models for non-premixed and premixed combustion are combined. A flame index based on the gradients of fuel and oxidizer is used to define a weighting factor to blend the two mixing timescale models. A turbulent jet non-premixed flame with substantial local extinction, the Sydney piloted jet flame L, is adopted as a test case to examine the performance of the multi-regime model in large-eddy simulation/FDF modeling. It is found that the traditional non-premixed mixing timescale model when combined with the modified Curl mixing leads to global extinction for the Sydney flame L without the presence of the premixed combustion regime. After accounting for the multi-regime combustion with proper detection of the different combustion regimes, the predictions for the flame statistics and the amount of local extinction are significantly improved. It suggests the need of including multi-regime combustion for the predictions of local extinction and re-ignition in turbulent non-premixed combustion configurations.

previous article Model assessment of synthetic jets for turbulent combustion experiments

next article On the Use of LES and 3D Empirical Mode Decomposition for Analyzing Cycle-to-Cycle Variations of In-Cylinder Tumbling Flow

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Available only for authorised users

Aldawsari, S., Galindo-Lopez, S., Cleary, M.J., Masri, A.R.: Improved MMC-LES to compute the structure of a mixed-mode turbulent flame series. Proc. Combust. Inst. 38(2), 2607–2615 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2020.07.123CrossRef

Amzin, S., Swaminathan, N., Rogerson, J.W., Kent, J.H.: Conditional moment closure for turbulent premixed flames. Combust. Sci. Technol. 184(10–11), 1743–1767 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1080/00102202.2012.690629CrossRef

Barlow, R., Frank, J.: Effects of turbulence on species mass fractions in methane/air jet flames. Proc. Combust. Inst. 27(1), 1087–1095 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0082-0784(98)80510-9CrossRef

Barlow, R., Frank, J., Karpetis, A., Chen, J.Y.: Piloted methane/air jet flames: transport effects and aspects of scalar structure. Combust. Flame 143(4), 433–449 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2005.08.017CrossRef

Barlow, R.S., Hartl, S., Hasse, C., Cutcher, H.C., Masri, A.R.: Characterization of multi-regime reaction zones in a piloted inhomogeneous jet flame with local extinction. Proc. Combust. Inst. 38(2), 2571–2579 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2020.06.179CrossRef

Bilger, R.: The structure of turbulent nonpremixed flames. Proc. Combust. Inst. 22(1), 475–488 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0082-0784(89)80054-2CrossRef

Bilger, R.W.: Conditional moment closure for turbulent reacting flow. Phys. Fluids 5(2), 436 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.858867CrossRefMATH

Butz, D., Hartl, S., Popp, S., Walther, S., Barlow, R.S., Hasse, C., Dreizler, A., Geyer, D.: Local flame structure analysis in turbulent CH4/air flames with multi-regime characteristics. Combust. Flame 210, 426–438 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2019.08.032CrossRef

Butz, D., Breicher, A., Barlow, R.S., Geyer, D., Dreizler, A.: Turbulent multi-regime methane-air flames analysed by Raman/Rayleigh spectroscopy and conditional velocity field measurements. Combus. Flame 254, 111941 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2021.111941CrossRef

Cao, R.R., Wang, H., Pope, S.B.: The effect of mixing models in PDF calculations of piloted jet flames. Proc. Combust. Inst. 31(1), 1543–1550 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2006.08.052CrossRef

Chakraborty, N., Klein, M.: A priori direct numerical simulation assessment of algebraic flame surface density models for turbulent premixed flames in the context of large eddy simulation. Phys. Fluids 20(8), 085108 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2022.112143CrossRefMATH

Chakraborty, N., Swaminathan, N.: Influence of the Damköhler number on turbulence-scalar interaction in premixed flames II. Model development. Phys. Fluids 19, 045104 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2714076MATHCrossRef

Chen, J.Y., Kollmann, W., Dibble, R.W.: PDF modeling of turbulent nonpremixed methane jet flames. Combust. Sci. Technol. 64(4–6), 315–346 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1080/00102208908924038CrossRef

Colucci, P.J., Jaberi, F.A., Givi, P., Pope, S.B.: Filtered density function for large eddy simulation of turbulent reacting flows. Phys. Fluids 10(2), 499–515 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.869537MathSciNetCrossRefMATH

Dopazo, C., O’Brien, E.: An approach to the autoignition of a turbulent mixture. Acta Astronaut. 1, 1239–1266 (1974). https://doi.org/10.1016/0094-5765(74)90050-2MATHCrossRef

Dunstan, T.D., Minamoto, Y., Chakraborty, N., Swaminathan, N.: Scalar dissipation rate modelling for large eddy simulation of turbulent premixed flames. Proc. Combust. Inst. 34(1), 1193–1201 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2012.06.143CrossRef

Echekki, T., Mastorakos, E. (eds.): Turbulent Combustion Modeling: Advances New Trends and Perspectives. Springer, Netherlands (2011)MATHCrossRef

Franke, L.L., Chatzopoulos, A.K., Rigopoulos, S.: Tabulation of combustion chemistry via Artificial neural networks (ANNs): methodology and application to LES–PDF simulation of Sydney flame L. Combust. Flame 185, 245–260 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2017.07.014CrossRef

Frenklach, M., Wang, H., Yu, C.L., Goldenberg, M., Bowman, C., Hanson, R., Davidson, D., Chang, E., Smith, G., Golden, D., Gardiner, W., Lissianski, V.: GRI Mech 1.2. (1995). http://combustion.berkeley.edu/gri-mech

Garmory, A., Mastorakos, E.: Capturing localised extinction in Sandia Flame F with LES-CMC. Proc. Combust. Inst. 33(1), 1673–1680 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2010.06.065CrossRef

Girimaji, S., Zhou, Y.: Analysis and modeling of subgrid scalar mixing using numerical data. Phys. Fluids 8, 1224–1236 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.868894MATHCrossRef

Hartl, S., Geyer, D., Dreizler, A., Magnotti, G., Barlow, R.S., Hasse, C.: Regime identification from Raman/Rayleigh line measurements in partially premixed flames. Combust. Flame 189, 126–141 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2017.10.024CrossRef

Ihme, M., Pitsch, H.: Prediction of extinction and reignition in nonpremixed turbulent flames using a flamelet/progress variable model 2. Application in LES of Sandia flames D and E. Combust. Flame 155(1–2), 90–107 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2008.04.015CrossRef

Janicka, J., Kolbe, W., Kollmann, W.: Closure of the transport-equation for the probability density function of turbulent scalar fields. J. Non-Equilib. Thermodyn. 4, 47–66 (1979). https://doi.org/10.1515/jnet.1979.4.1.47MATHCrossRef

Jones, W., Kakhi, M.: PDF modeling of finite-rate chemistry effects in turbulent nonpremixed jet flames. Combust. Flame 115(1–2), 210–229 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-2180(98)00002-9CrossRef

Jones, W.P., Prasad, V.N.: Large Eddy simulation of the Sandia flame series (D-F) using the Eulerian stochastic field method. Combust. Flame 157(9), 1621–1636 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2010.05.010CrossRef

Juddoo, M., Masri, A.: High-speed OH-PLIF imaging of extinction and re-ignition in non-premixed flames with various levels of oxygenation. Combust. Flame 158(5), 902–914 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2011.02.003CrossRef

Kim, H.S., Pitsch, H.: Scalar gradient and small-scale structure in turbulent premixed combustion. Phys. Fluids 19, 115104 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2784943MATHCrossRef

Klimenko, A.Y., Pope, S.B.: The modeling of turbulent reactive flows based on multiple mapping conditioning. Phys. Fluids 15(7), 1907–1925 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1575754MathSciNetMATHCrossRef

Knudsen, E., Pitsch, H.: Capabilities and limitations of multi-regime flamelet combustion models. Combust. Flame 159(1), 242–264 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2011.05.025CrossRef

Lilly, D.K.: A proposed modification of the Germano subgrid-scale closure method. Phys. Fluids A 4(3), 633–635 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.858280MathSciNetCrossRef

Lindstedt, R.P., Louloudi, S.A., Vaos, E.M.: Joint scalar probability density function modeling of pollutant formation in piloted turbulent jet diffusion flames with comprehensive chemistry. Proc. Combust. Inst. 28, 149–156 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0082-0784(00)80206-4CrossRef

Lu, Z., Zhou, H., Ren, Z., Yang, Y., Im, H.G.: A Lagrangian-based flame index for the transported probability density function method. Theoret. Appl. Mech. Lett. 12(1), 100316 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.taml.2021.100316CrossRef

Lutz, A.E., Kee, R.J., Grcar, J.F., Rupley, F.M.: OPPDIF: A FORTRAN program for computing opposed-flow diffusion flames. Technical Report, Sandia National Laboratories, SAND96-8243, Livermore, CA (1997)

Masri, A.R., Pope, S.B.: PDF Calculations of Piloted Turbulent Nonpremixed Flames of Methane. Combust. Flame 81, 13–29 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-2180(90)90066-ZCrossRef

Masri, A.R., Bilger, R.W., Dibble, R.W.: The local structure of turbulent nonpremixed flames near extinction. Combust. Flame 81, 260–276 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-2180(90)90024-LCrossRef

Masri, A., Dibble, R., Barlow, R.: The structure of turbulent nonpremixed flames revealed by Raman-Rayleigh-LIF measurements. Prog. Energy Combust. Sci. 22, 307–362 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0360-1285(96)00009-3CrossRef

Mittal, V., Cook, D.J., Pitsch, H.: An extended multi-regime flamelet model for ic engines. Combust. Flame 159(8), 2767–2776 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2012.01.014CrossRef

Peters, N.: Laminar diffusion flamelet models in non-premixed turbulent combustion. Prog. Energy Combust. Sci. 10(3), 319–339 (1984). https://doi.org/10.1016/0360-1285(84)90114-XCrossRef

Peters, N.: Turbulent Combustion. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2000)MATHCrossRef

Pierce, C.D., Moin, P.: A dynamic model for subgrid-scale variance and dissipation rate of a conserved scalar. Phys. Fluids 10, 3041–3044 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.869832MathSciNetMATHCrossRef

Pitsch, H., Duchamp de Lageneste, L.: Large-eddy simulation of premixed turbulent combustion using a level-set approach. Proc. Combust. Inst. 29(2), 2001–2008 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1016/S1540-7489(02)80244-9CrossRef

Pope, S.: PDF methods for turbulent reactive flows. Prog. Energy Combust. Sci. 11(2), 119–192 (1985). https://doi.org/10.1016/0360-1285(85)90002-4CrossRef

Pope, S.B.: Computations of turbulent combustion: progress and challenges. Proc. Combust. Inst. 23, 591–612 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0082-0784(06)80307-3CrossRef

Pope, S.B.: Computationally efficient implementation of combustion chemistry using in situ adaptive tabulation. Combust. Theort. Model. 1, 41–63 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1080/713665229MathSciNetMATHCrossRef

Pope, S.B.: Turbulent Flows. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom (2000)MATHCrossRef

Pope, S.B.: Ten questions concerning the large-eddy simulation of turbulent flows. New J. Phys. 6(1), 35 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/6/1/035CrossRef

Pope, S.B.: Small scales, many species and the manifold challenges of turbulent combustion. Proc. Combust. Inst. 34(1), 1–31 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2012.09.009MathSciNetCrossRef

Prasad, V.N., Juddoo, M., Masri, A.R., Jones, W.P., Luo, K.H.: Investigation of extinction and re-ignition in piloted turbulent non-premixed methane-air flames using LES and high-speed OH-LIF. Combust. Theort. Model. 17(3), 483–503 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1080/13647830.2013.779389MathSciNetMATHCrossRef

Smagorinsky, J.: General circulation experiments with the primitive equations: I. the basic experiment. Monthly Weather Rev. 91, 99–164 (1963). https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493(1963)0912.3.CO;2CrossRef

Steinberg, A., Boxx, I., Arndt, C., Frank, J., Meier, W.: Experimental study of flame-hole reignition mechanisms in a turbulent non-premixed jet flame using sustained multi-kHz PIV and crossed-plane oh PLIF. Proc. Combust. Inst. 33(1), 1663–1672 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2010.06.134CrossRef

Straub, C., Kronenburg, A., Stein, O.T., Galindo-Lopez, S., Cleary, M.J.: Mixing time scale models for multiple mapping conditioning with two reference variables. Flow Turbul. Combust. 106(4), 1143–1166 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10494-020-00188-0CrossRef

Subramaniam, S., Pope, S.: A mixing model for turbulent reactive flows based on Euclidean minimum spanning trees. Combust. Flame 115, 487–514 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-2180(98)00023-6CrossRef

Swaminathana, N., Grout, R.W.: Interaction of turbulence and scalar fields in premixed flames. Phys. Fluids 18, 045102 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2186590MathSciNetMATHCrossRef

Veynante, D., Vervisch, L.: Turbulent combustion modeling. Prog. Energy Combust. Sci. 28(3), 193–266 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0360-1285(01)00017-XCrossRef

Villermaux, J., Devillon, J.C.: Représentation de la coalescence et de la redispersion des domaines de ségrégation dans un fluide par un modele d’interaction phénoménologique. In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on Chemical Reaction Engineering, vol. 26, pp. 1–13. Elsevier New York (1972)

Wang, H., Kim, K.: Effect of molecular transport on PDF modeling of turbulent non-premixed flames. Proc. Combust. Inst. 35(2), 1137–1145 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2014.06.017CrossRef

Wang, H., Pope, S.: Time-averaging strategies in the finite-volume/particle hybrid algorithm for the joint PDF equation of turbulent reactive flows. Combust. Theort. Model. 12(3), 529–544 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1080/13647830701847875MathSciNetMATHCrossRef

Wang, H., Pope, S.B.: Large eddy simulation/probability density function modeling of a turbulent \(\rm CH_4/H_2/N_2\) jet flame. Proc. Combust. Inst. 33(1), 1319–1330 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2010.08.004CrossRef

Wang, H., Pant, T., Zhang, P.: LES/PDF modeling of turbulent premixed flames with locally enhanced mixing by reaction. Flow Turbul. Combust. 100(1), 147–175 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10494-017-9831-0CrossRef

Xu, J., Pope, S.B.: PDF calculations of turbulent nonpremixed flames with local extinction. Combust. Flame 123(3), 281–307 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-2180(00)00155-3CrossRef

Yamashita, H., Shimada, M., Takeno, T.: A numerical study on flame stability at the transition point of jet diffusion flames. Proc. Combust. Inst. 26(1), 27–34 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0082-0784(96)80196-2CrossRef

Yilmaz, S.L., Nik, M.B., Givi, P., Strakey, P.A.: Scalar filtered density function for large eddy simulation of a Bunsen burner. J. Propul. Power 26(1), 84–93 (2010). https://doi.org/10.2514/1.44600CrossRef

Zhang, P., Masri, A.R., Wang, H.: Studies of the flow and turbulence fields in a turbulent pulsed jet flame using LES/PDF. Combust. Theort. Model. 21(5), 897–924 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1080/13647830.2017.1312546MathSciNetCrossRefMATH

Zhang, P., Xie, T., Kolla, H., Wang, H., Hawkes, E.R., Chen, J.H., Wang, H.: A priori analysis of a power-law mixing model for transported PDF model based on high Karlovitz turbulent premixed DNS flames. Proc. Combust. Inst. 38(2), 2917–2927 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2020.06.183CrossRef

Zirwes, T., Zhang, F., Habisreuther, P., Hansinger, M., Bockhorn, H., Pfitzner, M., Trimis, D.: Identification of flame regimes in partially premixed combustion from a quasi-DNS dataset. Flow Turbul. Combust. 106(2), 373–404 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10494-020-00228-9CrossRef

Title: Multi-regime mixing modeling for local extinction and re-ignition in turbulent non-premixed flame by using LES/FDF method
Authors: Haifeng Wang
Shashank Kashyap
Publication date: 30-03-2023
Publisher: Springer Netherlands
Published in: Flow, Turbulence and Combustion / Issue 1/2023
Print ISSN: 1386-6184
Electronic ISSN: 1573-1987
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10494-023-00411-8

Springer Professional

Abstract

Please log in to get access to your license.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Springer Professional "Technik"

Other articles of this Issue 1/2023

Model assessment of synthetic jets for turbulent combustion experiments

Numerical Dissipation Rate Analysis of Finite-Volume and Continuous-Galerkin Methods for LES of Combustor Flow-Field

3D Measurements of a Two-Phase Flow Inside an Optical Cylinder Based on Full-Field Cross-Interface Computed Tomography

On the Use of LES and 3D Empirical Mode Decomposition for Analyzing Cycle-to-Cycle Variations of In-Cylinder Tumbling Flow

Dynamic Mode Decomposition for the Comparison of Engine In-Cylinder Flow Fields from Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) and Reynolds-Averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) Simulations

Implementation of the Filtered Turbulent Flame Model in Non-premixed Combustion Simulation

Premium Partners