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2018 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

8. Nanomaterials Reactivity and Applications for Wastewater Cleanup

Authors : Tamer Elbana, Mohamed Yousry

Published in: Nanotechnology, Food Security and Water Treatment

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

Treated wastewater is a reliable water resource for agriculture in arid and semiarid areas. Nanomaterials are promising to clean wastewater. Here we review nanomaterials characteristics, reactivity and potentiality to reduce or remove pollutants from wastewater. Characteristics include high reactivity of surface areas, quantum confinement effects, surface charge density and stability of nanophases. We discuss applications to remove from inorganic and organic contaminants, with focus on reaction kinetics, sorption and degradation. Remediation efficiency is also controlled by wastewater properties such as pH, ionic strength and water temperature.

The use of nanomaterials often allow a removal of more than 80% of most pollutants. Nonetheless, this review explains that the cost, the aggregate formation and the difficulty of recovering most applied nanomaterials are challenging. Alternatively, natural nanomaterials such as nano clay represent an inexpensive and environmental friendly substance for wastewater remediation.

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Title: Nanomaterials Reactivity and Applications for Wastewater Cleanup
Authors: Tamer Elbana
Mohamed Yousry
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Book: Nanotechnology, Food Security and Water Treatment
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-70165-3

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-319-70166-0

Copyright Year: 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70166-0_8