Skip to main content
Top

2024 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

On the Links Between Forecasting Performance and Statistical Features of Time Series Applied to the Cash Flow of Self-Employed Workers

Authors : Luis Palomero, Vicente García, J. Salvador Sánchez

Published in: New Perspectives and Paradigms in Applied Economics and Business

Publisher: Springer Nature Switzerland

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

Proper cash flow forecasting is a complex task that can be done by modeling the cash flow data as a time series. Although parametric methods have been widely used to accomplish this task, they require some assumptions about the data that are difficult to hold. A well-founded alternative is the use of fuzzy inference systems, which have proven to be competitive in many practical problems. This paper presents a statistical study that compares the performance of fuzzy inference forecasting systems with that of a traditional parametric approach, in a cash flow forecasting problem based on the weekly income and expense data of 340 self-employed workers over a period of 338 weeks with 4 different time horizons (1, 4, 9, and 13 weeks). We also check for significant links between several statistical characteristics and observed performance, to determine which features might most affect the quality of the predictions. After finding that kurtosis is the most correlated feature, a more detailed exploration is performed on it.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literature
1.
go back to reference Dorfleitner, G., Gleißner, W.: Valuing streams of risky cashflows with risk-value models. J. Risk 20(3), 1–27 (2018)CrossRef Dorfleitner, G., Gleißner, W.: Valuing streams of risky cashflows with risk-value models. J. Risk 20(3), 1–27 (2018)CrossRef
3.
go back to reference Hajizadeh, E., Mahootchi, M., Esfahanipour, A., Kh, M.M.: A new NN-PSO hybrid model for forecasting Euro/Dollar exchange rate volatility. Neural Comput. Appl. 31, 2063–2071 (2019)CrossRef Hajizadeh, E., Mahootchi, M., Esfahanipour, A., Kh, M.M.: A new NN-PSO hybrid model for forecasting Euro/Dollar exchange rate volatility. Neural Comput. Appl. 31, 2063–2071 (2019)CrossRef
4.
go back to reference Nyberg, H., Pönkä, H.: International sign predictability of stock returns: The role of the United States. Econ. Modell. 58, 323–338 (2016)CrossRef Nyberg, H., Pönkä, H.: International sign predictability of stock returns: The role of the United States. Econ. Modell. 58, 323–338 (2016)CrossRef
5.
go back to reference Sezer, O.B., Gudelek, M.U., Ozbayoglu, A.M.: Financial time series forecasting with deep learning: A systematic literature review: 2005–2019. Appl. Soft Comput. 90, 106181 (2020)CrossRef Sezer, O.B., Gudelek, M.U., Ozbayoglu, A.M.: Financial time series forecasting with deep learning: A systematic literature review: 2005–2019. Appl. Soft Comput. 90, 106181 (2020)CrossRef
6.
go back to reference Lawler, G.F., Limic, V.: Random Walk: A Modern Introduction. Cambridge Studies in Advanced Mathematics. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2010)CrossRef Lawler, G.F., Limic, V.: Random Walk: A Modern Introduction. Cambridge Studies in Advanced Mathematics. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2010)CrossRef
7.
go back to reference Box, G.E.P., Jenkins, G.M., Reinsel, G.C., Ljung, G.M.: Time Series Analysis: Forecasting and Control. Wiley Series in Probability and Statistics. Wiley, Hoboken, NJ (2015) Box, G.E.P., Jenkins, G.M., Reinsel, G.C., Ljung, G.M.: Time Series Analysis: Forecasting and Control. Wiley Series in Probability and Statistics. Wiley, Hoboken, NJ (2015)
8.
go back to reference Salas-Molina, F., Juan A., R.A., Joan, S., Montserrat, G., Francisco J., M.: Empirical analysis of daily cash flow time-series and its implications for forecasting. Sort-Stat. Oper. Res. Trans. 42(1) (1) 73–98 Salas-Molina, F., Juan A., R.A., Joan, S., Montserrat, G., Francisco J., M.: Empirical analysis of daily cash flow time-series and its implications for forecasting. Sort-Stat. Oper. Res. Trans. 42(1) (1) 73–98
9.
go back to reference Ahmed, N.K., Atiya, A.F., El-Gayar, N., El-Shishiny, H.: An empirical comparison of machine learning models for time series forecasting. Econ. Rev. 29(5–6), 594–621 (2010)CrossRef Ahmed, N.K., Atiya, A.F., El-Gayar, N., El-Shishiny, H.: An empirical comparison of machine learning models for time series forecasting. Econ. Rev. 29(5–6), 594–621 (2010)CrossRef
10.
go back to reference Masini, R.P., Medeiros, M.C., Mendes, E.F.: Machine learning advances for time series forecasting. J. Econ. Surv. 37(1), 76–111 (2023)CrossRef Masini, R.P., Medeiros, M.C., Mendes, E.F.: Machine learning advances for time series forecasting. J. Econ. Surv. 37(1), 76–111 (2023)CrossRef
11.
go back to reference Parmezan, A.R.S., Souza, V.M., Batista, G.E.: Evaluation of statistical and machine learning models for time series prediction: Identifying the state-of-the-art and the best conditions for the use of each model. Inf. Sci. 484, 302–337 (2019)CrossRef Parmezan, A.R.S., Souza, V.M., Batista, G.E.: Evaluation of statistical and machine learning models for time series prediction: Identifying the state-of-the-art and the best conditions for the use of each model. Inf. Sci. 484, 302–337 (2019)CrossRef
13.
go back to reference Oancea, B., Pospíšil, R., Jula, M.N., Imbrişcǎ, C.I.: Experiments with fuzzy methods for forecasting time series as alternatives to classical methods. Mathematics 9(19), 1–17 (2021)CrossRef Oancea, B., Pospíšil, R., Jula, M.N., Imbrişcǎ, C.I.: Experiments with fuzzy methods for forecasting time series as alternatives to classical methods. Mathematics 9(19), 1–17 (2021)CrossRef
14.
go back to reference Chen, C., Twycross, J., Garibaldi, J.M.: A new accuracy measure based on bounded relative error for time series forecasting. PLoS One 12(3), e0174202 (2017)CrossRef Chen, C., Twycross, J., Garibaldi, J.M.: A new accuracy measure based on bounded relative error for time series forecasting. PLoS One 12(3), e0174202 (2017)CrossRef
15.
go back to reference Mamdani, E.: Application of fuzzy algorithms for control of simple dynamic plant. Proceed. Inst. Elect. Eng. 121(12), 1585 (1974)CrossRef Mamdani, E.: Application of fuzzy algorithms for control of simple dynamic plant. Proceed. Inst. Elect. Eng. 121(12), 1585 (1974)CrossRef
16.
go back to reference Mamdani, E., Assilian, S.: An experiment in linguistic synthesis with a fuzzy logic controller. Int. J. Man-Mach. Stud. 7(1), 1–13 (1975)CrossRef Mamdani, E., Assilian, S.: An experiment in linguistic synthesis with a fuzzy logic controller. Int. J. Man-Mach. Stud. 7(1), 1–13 (1975)CrossRef
17.
go back to reference Takagi, T., Sugeno, M.: Fuzzy identification of systems and its applications to modeling and control. IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. SMC-15(1) (1985) 116–132 Takagi, T., Sugeno, M.: Fuzzy identification of systems and its applications to modeling and control. IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. SMC-15(1) (1985) 116–132
18.
go back to reference Sugeno, M., Kang, G.: Structure identification of fuzzy model. Fuzzy Sets Syst. 28(1), 15–33 (1988)CrossRef Sugeno, M., Kang, G.: Structure identification of fuzzy model. Fuzzy Sets Syst. 28(1), 15–33 (1988)CrossRef
19.
go back to reference Wang, L.X., Mendel, J.M.: Generating fuzzy rules by learning from examples. IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. 22(6), 1414–1427 (1992)CrossRef Wang, L.X., Mendel, J.M.: Generating fuzzy rules by learning from examples. IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. 22(6), 1414–1427 (1992)CrossRef
20.
go back to reference Kim, J., Kasabov, N.: Hyfis: adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference systems and their application to nonlinear dynamical systems. Neural Networks 12(9), 1301–1319 (1999)CrossRef Kim, J., Kasabov, N.: Hyfis: adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference systems and their application to nonlinear dynamical systems. Neural Networks 12(9), 1301–1319 (1999)CrossRef
21.
go back to reference Jang, J.S.: Anfis: adaptive-network-based fuzzy inference system. IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. 23(3), 665–685 (1993)CrossRef Jang, J.S.: Anfis: adaptive-network-based fuzzy inference system. IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. 23(3), 665–685 (1993)CrossRef
22.
go back to reference Kasabov, N., Song, Q.: Denfis: dynamic evolving neural-fuzzy inference system and its application for time-series prediction. IEEE Trans. Fuzzy Syst. 10(2), 144–154 (2002)CrossRef Kasabov, N., Song, Q.: Denfis: dynamic evolving neural-fuzzy inference system and its application for time-series prediction. IEEE Trans. Fuzzy Syst. 10(2), 144–154 (2002)CrossRef
23.
go back to reference Demšar, J.: Statistical comparisons of classifiers over multiple data sets. J. Mach. Learn. Res. 7(1), 1–30 (2006) Demšar, J.: Statistical comparisons of classifiers over multiple data sets. J. Mach. Learn. Res. 7(1), 1–30 (2006)
24.
go back to reference Kline, R.: Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling, Methodology in the Social Sciences, 4th edn. Guilford Publications (2015) Kline, R.: Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling, Methodology in the Social Sciences, 4th edn. Guilford Publications (2015)
Metadata
Title
On the Links Between Forecasting Performance and Statistical Features of Time Series Applied to the Cash Flow of Self-Employed Workers
Authors
Luis Palomero
Vicente García
J. Salvador Sánchez
Copyright Year
2024
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-49951-7_3