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2013 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

4. On the Role of Senses in the Ontology-Lexicon

Authors : Philipp Cimiano, John McCrae, Paul Buitelaar, Elena Montiel-Ponsoda

Published in: New Trends of Research in Ontologies and Lexical Resources

Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg

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Abstract

This chapter investigates the notion of ‘sense’ in the ontology-lexicon interface.As a realization of the ontology-lexicon interface, we are concerned with so called ‘ontology lexica’ which specify the meaning of lexical entries by reference to a given ontology.We propose that in the context of the ontology-lexicon interface a ‘sense’ can be understood as a three-faceted entity, i.e.as a (i) reification of the link between a lexical entry and the ontological reference, (ii) as subset of all the uses of the word that can be interpreted as referring to the same ontological reference, and (iii) as an implicitly defined subconcept.We also provide a new definition of the traditional notions of homonymy, synonymy, metonymy etc.in the ontology-lexicon interface.

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Footnotes
1
By full lexical meaning we refer to the meaning that an average speaker of a language who shares common knowledge with his/her community associates with a word in their mental lexicon with respect to some language of thought.
 
2
As our reviewer has pointed out, the hypothetical concept thus needs to exist in some ontology.In fact, it does, but not in the actual domain ontology, but rather in our ontology of the lexicon-ontology interface.
 
3
For example German “Papier” and “Zeitung”, French “papier” and “journal” and Japanese “kami” and “shimbun.”
 
4
These are the glosses of the two corresponding senses from WordNet 3.1.
 
5
At least from the opinion of the native English-speaking author of this chapter.
 
6
Without loss of generality we simplify to the case where there is only a single result for the task.
 
7
We adopt an intensional stance here in the sense that the extension of words depends on a certain state of the world.
 
8
We denote the intersection of two functions f and g here as (f ∩ g)(w) = f(w) ∩ g(w).
 
9
Buitelaar [5] gives an overview of many systematic polysemy classes derived from WordNet 1.6.
 
10
For the sake of simplicity, we do not represent the temporal adverbials and we model definites through existential quantifiers.
 
11
Of course, we admit that for a certain application, specifying some of the senses that are derived from the primary one may improveperformance.
 
12
As a corollary many charities have changed their original name, for example the “Association for the Help of Retarded Children” is now just the “AHRC”, which officially is not an intialism.
 
13
Standard international reference for mental health disorders.
 
14
lemon actually allows to model the corresponding (subcategorization) frames of these verbs and their mapping to ontological properties.This aspect of the model is however not discussed in the present chapter.The interested reader is referred to the lemon cookbook [21].
 
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Metadata
Title
On the Role of Senses in the Ontology-Lexicon
Authors
Philipp Cimiano
John McCrae
Paul Buitelaar
Elena Montiel-Ponsoda
Copyright Year
2013
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31782-8_4

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