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2015 | Book

Introduction Read chapter Read first chapter

Opera House Acoustics Based on Subjective Preference Theory

Author: Yoichi Ando

Publisher: Springer Japan

Book Series : Mathematics for Industry

Part of: Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" , Springer Professional "Technik" , Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

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About this book

This book focuses on opera house acoustics based on subjective preference theory; it targets researchers in acoustics and vision who are working in physics, psychology and brain physiology. This book helps readers to understand any subjective attributes in relation to objective parameters based on the powerful and workable model of the auditory system.

It is reconfirmed here that the well-known Helmholtz theory, which was based on a peripheral model of the auditory system, may not well describe pitch, timbre and duration as well as the spatial sensations described in this book, nor overall responses such as subjective preference of sound fields and the annoyance of environmental noise.

Table of Contents

Frontmatter
Chapter 1. Introduction
Abstract
Drama, together with music, is performed usually in an opera house, which is played on the stage and in the pit as an epitome of human lives. The audience may much enjoy, and obtain a hint of their future life for worthwhile lives through personality given by Nature. As is widely known, even newborn babies always bring messages from Nature with a lovely smile that was developed by affection since the beginning of the universe.
Yoichi Ando
Chapter 2. Analyses of Temporal Factors of a Source Signal
Abstract
Sound signals proceed along auditory pathways and are perceived in a time sequence while the brain simultaneously interprets the meaning of signals. Thus, a great deal of attention is paid here to analyze the signal in the time domain. This chapter mainly treats physical aspects of the running autocorrelation function (ACF) of the signal, which contains the envelope and its finer structures as well as the power at its starting time.
Yoichi Ando
Chapter 3. Formulation and Simulation of the Sound Field in an Enclosure
Abstract
After formulating the physical system of the sound field from a source point to the two-ear entrances, a simulation system of the field for the subjective judgment incorporating temporal and spatial factors is described.
Yoichi Ando
Chapter 4. Model of Auditory-Brain System
Abstract
Based on neural activities in the auditory-brain system of humans, a signal processing model including the specialization of human cerebral hemispheres is described. The temporal factors associated with the left cerebral hemisphere may be extracted from the ACF processors. And the spatial factors associated with the right hemisphere may be extracted from the IACF processor for the signal arriving at the two ear entrances.
Yoichi Ando
Chapter 5. Temporal and Spatial Primary Percepts of the Sound and the Sound Field
Abstract
We shall discuss temporal percepts consisting of four such that pitch, loudness, duration, and timbre in relation to the temporal factors of the sound. Three spatial percepts, i.e., localization including movement of sound source on the stage, apparent source width (ASW), and subjective diffuseness are well described in relation to the spatial factors of the sound field.
Yoichi Ando
Chapter 6. Theory of Subjective Preference of the Sound Field
Abstract
Subjective preference judgment is the most primitive and the overall response. It is regarded in living creatures as one that entails judgments that steer an organism in the direction of maintaining life, so as to enhance its prospects for survival. Also, it is interesting that the preference judgment is deeply related to the aesthetic issue.
Yoichi Ando
Chapter 7. Examination of Subjective Preference Theory in an Existing Opera House
Abstract
We examine whether or not the subjective preference theory holds for the sound field in an existing opera house. Here, Teatro Comunale in Ferrara is selected for the purpose of this study. Paired-comparison tests (PCT) were conducted to obtain scale value of subjective preference, switching loudspeakers (or source locations) of the music on the stage and those in the orchestra pit.
Yoichi Ando
Chapter 8. Reverberance of the Sound Field
Abstract
As an application of subjective preference theory with four orthogonal factors described in Chap. 6, this chapter discusses reverberance of the sound field.
Yoichi Ando
Chapter 9. Improvements in Subjective Preferences for Listeners and Performers
Abstract
Acoustical measurements were conducted in two ancient theaters––one Greek and one Roman––the origin of modern opera houses. The Delphi theater (Greece) does not have a stage building, while the Taormina theater (Italy) has a partially remaining stage building behind the orchestra. The effect of the stage building on the sound field was determined in terms of the temporal and spatial factors. Typically, the complicated stage building has affects on improving the values of T sub and IACC.
Yoichi Ando
Chapter 10. Optimizing Room-Forms
Abstract
The theory of subjective preference in terms of the four orthogonal acoustical factors has been described in Sect. 6.3 (Ando 1985, 1998) allows us to evaluate at each seat of the sound field in an enclosure under design.
Yoichi Ando
Chapter 11. Visual Sensations on the Stage Blending with Opera and Music
Abstract
In visual design on the stage, temporal and spatial aspects of the visual field could be taken into consideration in blending with opera and music, so that the dead stage lives. To attain the fundamental knowledge of preferred conditions of vision, subjective preference tests were conducted by changing temporal factors and spatial factors, which are extracted from the temporal ACF of target signals and the spatial ACF of the visual field, respectively. Results of the most preferred condition of flickering light, movements of a single target, and two-dimensional textures are explicitly described by the respective factors. The visual scene on the stage of opera house is well designed according music and story to be performed.
Yoichi Ando
Chapter 12. Design Theory of Opera House Stage Persisting Individual Creations
Abstract
If the first stage of human life is the life of the body, and the second stage the life of the mind, then the third stage is the life of personality or ideas and creations that persist in social memory long after their individual creators have passed on. The parents by blood are father and mother for both the first and second stages for the gestation of about 40 weeks; however, the unique third stage is founded by the nature from the beginning of the universe. Thus ideas created by individual personalities, communicated to others, and then enter human culture live for a long time.
Yoichi Ando
Backmatter
Metadata
Title
Opera House Acoustics Based on Subjective Preference Theory
Author
Yoichi Ando
Copyright Year
2015
Publisher
Springer Japan
Electronic ISBN
978-4-431-55423-3
Print ISBN
978-4-431-55422-6
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55423-3

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