Skip to main content
Disciplines
Automotive Business IT + Informatics Construction + Real Estate Electrical Engineering + Electronics Energy + Sustainability Insurance + Risk Finance + Banking Management + Leadership Marketing + Sales Mechanical Engineering + Materials
Events
DE
EN
Books
Journals
Topic Page
Marketing
Start single access now
Access for companies
EXTENDED SEARCH
Log in
Top
Published in:
Bioastronautics: Definition and Scope Read chapter Read first chapter

2021 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

64. Overview of Balloon Flights and Their Biomedical Impact on Human Spaceflight

Author : Jonathan B. Clark

Published in: Handbook of Bioastronautics

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

Log in

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

Balloons have had in instrumental part in many aspects of human flight in both aviation and space. Humans first left the surface of the Earth in 1783 in balloons, and rapid advances in high-altitude physiology were made in the following century as well as recognition of the grave dangers associated with high-altitude exposure. Balloons have advanced many scientific endeavors including space radiation research, atmospheric and climate science, and Earth observation. Arguably the first “Space Race” occurred in the 1930s with stratospheric balloons. Prior to humans launching into space, balloons were used as a space analog flying missions over 24 h above 100,000 ft. Balloon technology continues to advance to this day, and stratospheric balloons continue to be a viable testbed for life support systems and crew escape tests as well as use as a first stage for sounding rockets. Commercial companies are targeting “Near Space” human stratospheric balloon flights for tourism and scientific research.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now
previous chapter Humans and Robots in Space Exploration
next chapter Why Return Humans to the Moon?
Literature
Beischer DE, Fregly AR (1962) Animals and man in space. A chronology and annotated bibliography through the year 1960. Office of Naval Research report ACR-64. Office of Naval Research, Department of the Navy, Washington, DC
Blue RS, Law J, Norton SC, Garbino A, Pattarini JM, Turney MW, Clark JB (2013) Overview of medical operations for a manned stratospheric balloon flight. Aviat Space Environ Med 84:237–241CrossRef
Bowen IS, Millikan RA, Neher HV (1937) The influence of the Earth’s magnetic field on cosmic-ray intensities up to the top of the atmosphere. Phys Rev 52(2):80CrossRef
Compton AH (1934) Scientific work in the “Century of Progress” stratosphere balloon. Proc Natl Acad Sci 20(1):79–81CrossRef
Compton AH, Stephenson RJ (1934) Cosmic-ray ionization at high altitudes. Phys Rev 45(7):441CrossRef
Critchfield CL, Ney EP, Oleksa S (1952) Soft radiation at balloon altitudes. Phys Rev 85(3):461CrossRef
Crouch TD (1983) The eagle aloft: two centuries of the balloon in America. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC
Danielson RE, Gaustad JE, Schwarzschild M, Weaver HF, Woolf NJ (1964) Symposium on instrumental astronomy: Mars observations from Stratoscope II. Astron J 69:344CrossRef
DeVorkin DH (1989) Race to the stratosphere. In: Manned scientific ballooning in America, 1st edn. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg/New York, XIII, 406 pp. 87 figs
Doherty MJ (2003) James Glaisher’s 1862 account of balloon sickness: altitude, decompression injury, and hypoxemia. Neurology 60(6):1016–1018CrossRef
Glaisher J, Flammarion C, De Fonvielle W, Tissandier G (1871) Travels in the air, 1st edn. Richard Bentley, LondonCrossRef
Hanrahan JS (1958) History of research in space biology and biodynamics at the Air Force Missile Development Center, Holloman Air Force Base, New Mexico 1946–1958. Air Force Missile Development Center, Holloman Air Force Base
Henry JP, Ballinger ER, Maher PJ, Simons DG (1952) Animal studies of the subgravity state during rocket flight. J Aviat Med 23:421
Kennedy GP (2007) Touching space: the story of Project Manhigh. Schiffer Publishing, Altgen
Lam DM (1988) To pop a balloon: aeromedical evacuation in the 1870 siege of Paris. Aviat Space Environ Med 59(10):988–991
Millikan RA (1925) High frequency rays of cosmic origin. Science 62(1612):445–448CrossRef
Murray DH, Pilmanis AA, Blue RS, Pattarini JM, Law J, Bayne CG, Turney MW, Clark JB (2013) Pathophysiology, prevention, and treatment of ebullism. Aviat Space Environ Med 84(2):89–96CrossRef
Needell AA (1987) Preparing for the space age: university-based research, 1946–1957. Hist Stud Phys Biol Sci 18(1):89–109CrossRef
Nishimura J (2002) Scientific ballooning in the 20th century; a historical perspective. Adv Space Res 30(5):1071–1085CrossRef
Pfotzer G (1972) History of the use of balloons in scientific experiments. Space Sci Rev 13(2):199–242CrossRef
Regener E (1932) Intensity of cosmic radiation in the high atmosphere. Nature 130:364CrossRef
Ross MD (1961) We saw the world from the edge of space. Natl Geogr 120:670–685
Ross MD, Lewis ML (1958) The strato-lab balloon system for high altitude research. J Aviat Med 29(5):375–385
Ryan C (2003) The pre-astronauts: manned ballooning on the threshold of space. Naval Institute Press, Annapolis
Ryan C (2014) Magnificent failure: free fall from the edge of space. Smithsonian Books, Washington, DC
Simons DG (1959) The Manhigh sealed cabin atmosphere. J Aviat Med 30(5):314–325
Simons DG, Steinmetz CH (1956) The 1954 aeromedical field laboratory balloon flights; physiological and radiobiological aspects. J Aviat Med 27(2):100
Stevens A (1936) Man’s farthest aloft. National Geographic Magazine, vol 69, pp 693–712
Winker JA (1986) Scientific ballooning, past and present. In: Aerodynamic decelerator and balloon technology conference, 9th, Albuquerque
Winzen OC (1965) The balloon as a stepping stone to spaceflight. In: Space technology and science, vol 1
Metadata
Title
Overview of Balloon Flights and Their Biomedical Impact on Human Spaceflight
Author
Jonathan B. Clark
Copyright Year
2021
Book
Handbook of Bioastronautics

Print ISBN: 978-3-319-12190-1

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-319-12191-8

Copyright Year: 2021

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-12191-8_76

Premium Partner

    Image Credits