Photosynthesis Mechanism and Increasing Photosynthetic Efficiency of Crops and Energy Plants

Photosynthesis is the world’s largest-scale process to use solar energy and convert inorganic substances such as carbon dioxide and water into organic compounds with releasing oxygen. It provides organic substances, energy and oxygen for nearly all life activities. Photosynthesis on earth produces about 220-billion tons of organic compounds each year, which are 10 times of an annual energy consumption of human being. Without photosynthesis of plants, there is no survival and sustainable development of human society. Today, the issues on food, energy and environment are closely linked with plant photosynthesis. For a long time, the photosynthetic mechanism and regulation is one of the core research issues of natural science, as well as a cutting-edge study area of life science. In photosynthetic membrane system, energy transfer efficiency of photosynthesis is very high. The visible light is used to promote the pyrolysis of water under the normal temperature and pressure, producing electronics, protons and oxygen, which are all difficult to achieve by today’s science and technology. So far, the major breakthroughs in study of photosynthesis and related fields have been made, and from which the Nobel Prize has been awarded more than 10 times.