Skip to main content
Top

2022 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

4. „Power Law“ als Brücke ins Unvorhersehbare

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config
loading …

Zusammenfassung

Unter der Prämisse der Berechnung von Risikokapital fokussierte sich das Risikomanagement bei Banken oft auf solche statistischen Verteilungsfunktionen, welche eine möglichst „einfache“ Berechnung erlauben, aber meist Ereignisse in den „Heavy Tails“ von gemessenen Verteilungen unterschätzen. Gerade diese „Großschäden“ sind aber aus der Sicht einer Operational Resilience maßgeblich. Zum einen wurde in den vergangenen Jahren dazu die „Extreme Value Theory“ eingeführt und zum anderen stellt ein – recht einfaches, aber statistisch nicht unproblematisches – „Power Law“ oft eine gute Beschreibung von gemessenen Verteilungen gerade im Bereich der „Heavy Tails“ dar. Somit kann eine Beschreibung mittels Power Law eine Brücke bilden, um zumindest die Ausläufer von Risikoverteilungen mit Großschäden phänomenologisch zu beschreiben und zudem eine Verbindung zu theoretischen Ansätzen herzustellen, welche solche Power Laws als Zeichen für eine „Überlastung“ eines Systems beschreiben.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literature
go back to reference Alexander, David E. (2013) “Resilience and disaster risk reduction: an etymological journey,” Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, Vol. 13/11, pp. 2707–2716.CrossRef Alexander, David E. (2013) “Resilience and disaster risk reduction: an etymological journey,” Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, Vol. 13/11, pp. 2707–2716.CrossRef
go back to reference Kahneman, Daniel (2011) “Thinking Fast and Slow”, Farrar, Straus and Gioux/Macmillan, Ney York, USA. Kahneman, Daniel (2011) “Thinking Fast and Slow”, Farrar, Straus and Gioux/Macmillan, Ney York, USA.
go back to reference Gigerenzer, Gerd und Wolfgang Gaissmaier (2011) “Heuristic Decision Making”, Annual Review of Psychology 2011, Vol. 62, pp. 451–482. Gigerenzer, Gerd und Wolfgang Gaissmaier (2011) “Heuristic Decision Making”, Annual Review of Psychology 2011, Vol. 62, pp. 451–482.
go back to reference Embrechts, Paul, Claudia Klüppelberg und Thomas Mikosch (1997) „Modelling Extremal Events for Insurance and Finance”, Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg, Deutschland.CrossRef Embrechts, Paul, Claudia Klüppelberg und Thomas Mikosch (1997) „Modelling Extremal Events for Insurance and Finance”, Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg, Deutschland.CrossRef
go back to reference Peters, Gareth W. und Pavel V. Shevchenko (2015) “Advances in Heavy Tailed Risk Modeling”’, John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, New Jersey, USA.CrossRef Peters, Gareth W. und Pavel V. Shevchenko (2015) “Advances in Heavy Tailed Risk Modeling”’, John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, New Jersey, USA.CrossRef
go back to reference Dutta, Kabir und Jason Perry (2006) “A tale of tails: An empirical analysis of loss distribution models for estimating operational risk capital”, Working Papers, No. 06-13, Federal Reserve Bank of Boston, Boston, USA. Dutta, Kabir und Jason Perry (2006) “A tale of tails: An empirical analysis of loss distribution models for estimating operational risk capital”, Working Papers, No. 06-13, Federal Reserve Bank of Boston, Boston, USA.
go back to reference McNeil, Alexander John, Rüdiger Frey und Paul Embrechts (2005) “Quantitative Risk Management: Concepts, Techniques, and Tools”, Princeton University Press (Revised Edition, 2015). McNeil, Alexander John, Rüdiger Frey und Paul Embrechts (2005) “Quantitative Risk Management: Concepts, Techniques, and Tools”, Princeton University Press (Revised Edition, 2015).
go back to reference Nešlehová, Johanna, Paul, Embrechts, and Valérie Chavez-Demoulin (2006), “Infinite Mean Models and the LDA for Operational Risk,” The Journal of Operational Risk, Vol. 1/1, pp. 3–25.CrossRef Nešlehová, Johanna, Paul, Embrechts, and Valérie Chavez-Demoulin (2006), “Infinite Mean Models and the LDA for Operational Risk,” The Journal of Operational Risk, Vol. 1/1, pp. 3–25.CrossRef
go back to reference de Pater, Imke und Jack J. Lissauer (2015) “Planetary Sciences”, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. de Pater, Imke und Jack J. Lissauer (2015) “Planetary Sciences”, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
go back to reference Di Mauro, Biagio, Francesco Fava, P. Frattini and Mirco Migliavacca (2015) ‘Power law distributions of wildfires across Europe: benchmarking a land surface model with observed data’, Nonlin. Processes Geophys. Discuss., Vol 2, pp. 1553–1586. Di Mauro, Biagio, Francesco Fava, P. Frattini and Mirco Migliavacca (2015) ‘Power law distributions of wildfires across Europe: benchmarking a land surface model with observed data’, Nonlin. Processes Geophys. Discuss., Vol 2, pp. 1553–1586.
go back to reference Trautmann, Wolfgang, Udo Milkau, Uli Lynen and Joseph Pochodzalla (1993) ‘Systematics of the power law parameter and minimum angular momenta for fragment production’, Zeitschrift für Physik A Hadrons and Nuclei, Vol. 344, pp. 447–454.CrossRef Trautmann, Wolfgang, Udo Milkau, Uli Lynen and Joseph Pochodzalla (1993) ‘Systematics of the power law parameter and minimum angular momenta for fragment production’, Zeitschrift für Physik A Hadrons and Nuclei, Vol. 344, pp. 447–454.CrossRef
go back to reference Arthur, W. Brian (2015) “Complexity and the Economy”, Oxford University Press, New York, USA. Arthur, W. Brian (2015) “Complexity and the Economy”, Oxford University Press, New York, USA.
go back to reference Stanley, H. Eugene (1999) “Scaling, universality, and renormalization: Three pillars of modern critical phenomena”, Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 71, No. 2, pp. S358–S366.CrossRef Stanley, H. Eugene (1999) “Scaling, universality, and renormalization: Three pillars of modern critical phenomena”, Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 71, No. 2, pp. S358–S366.CrossRef
go back to reference Marković, Dimitrije und Claudius Gros (2014) “Power laws and Self-Organized Criticality in Theory and Nature”, Physics Reports, Vol. 536/2, 10.3.2014, pp. 41–74. Marković, Dimitrije und Claudius Gros (2014) “Power laws and Self-Organized Criticality in Theory and Nature”, Physics Reports, Vol. 536/2, 10.3.2014, pp. 41–74.
go back to reference Bak, Per, Tang, Chao und Kurt Wiesenfeld (1987) “Self-organized criticality: An explanation of the 1/f noise”, Physical Review Letters, Vol. 59, pp. 381–384.CrossRef Bak, Per, Tang, Chao und Kurt Wiesenfeld (1987) “Self-organized criticality: An explanation of the 1/f noise”, Physical Review Letters, Vol. 59, pp. 381–384.CrossRef
go back to reference Per Bak (1996) “How Nature Works: The Science of Self-Organised Criticality”, Copernicus Press, New York, USA.CrossRef Per Bak (1996) “How Nature Works: The Science of Self-Organised Criticality”, Copernicus Press, New York, USA.CrossRef
go back to reference Carlson, Jean M. and J. Doyle (1999) “Highly optimized tolerance: a mechanism for power laws in designed systems”, Phys. Rev. E Stat. Phys. Plasmas Fluids Relat. Interdiscip. Topics, Vol. 60, pp. 1412–1427.CrossRef Carlson, Jean M. and J. Doyle (1999) “Highly optimized tolerance: a mechanism for power laws in designed systems”, Phys. Rev. E Stat. Phys. Plasmas Fluids Relat. Interdiscip. Topics, Vol. 60, pp. 1412–1427.CrossRef
go back to reference Shugar, Daniel H. et al. (2021) “A massive rock and ice avalanche caused the 2021 disaster at Chamoli, Indian Himalaya”, Science, Vol. 373/6552, 16.7.2021, pp. 300–306. Shugar, Daniel H. et al. (2021) “A massive rock and ice avalanche caused the 2021 disaster at Chamoli, Indian Himalaya”, Science, Vol. 373/6552, 16.7.2021, pp. 300–306.
Metadata
Title
„Power Law“ als Brücke ins Unvorhersehbare
Author
Udo Milkau
Copyright Year
2022
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-36897-5_4