Proceedings of 2015 2nd International Conference on Industrial Economics System and Industrial Security Engineering

Mass tourism consumption has entered the market-outbreak period, and tourism economy is the typical experience economy. As customer demands become increasingly diversified, tourism enterprise has been forced to have a full understanding of customer needs and make customer-behavior predictions on the basis of big data. Meanwhile, high-speed rail has a field-polymerization effect, so it could solve the problem of scale-precision marketing and influence tourism choices of the mainstream crowd, thus helping tourism companies achieve a high response rate and customer loyalty as well as improving enterprise efficiency. This paper first introduces the necessity of using big data in precision marketing for tourism companies; next it expounds the construction of a tourism company precision-marketing system framework relying on big data; finally, it analyzes the channels required to realize precision marketing for tourism enterprise in the era of high-speed rail.

The information industry has gradually become a pillar of national economic development in various countries, but there has been disagreement about its definition and its categorical measure at home and abroad. As a constantly changing complex system, the information industry has its own law of development as well as internal characteristics. The information industry features the intellectualization of high technology and regards universality as the main goal. Another feature of the information industry is that it penetrates into and integrates with traditional industries by means of information technology and service, which makes its development have a “multiplier” effect on the economy.

Different enterprises own different kinds of resources, and they will carry out different business decisions depending on these different resources; thus, resource endowment is bound to affect the behavior of their resource allocation. This chapter divides China’s listed companies into state-owned and private enterprises according to their government resource endowment to study the differences of operating-asset allocation. We obtained our results on the basis of data collected from 936 samples from 7 main industries of China. The empirical results suggest that there is a significant difference between state-owned and private enterprises in terms of operating-asset allocation efficiency.

With the transformation of the structure of China’s economic growth, the proportion of consumption in the national economy will be larger, and the effect of promoting consumer finance will be more obvious. Thus, the chapter presents empirical research on the factors affecting consumer finance to reach some conclusions about whether the structure of our nation’s consumer finance is reasonable and whether macroeconomic factors affect the internal as well as the overall structure.

Our countermeasures against a monopoly of transnational grain businesses mainly cover five aspects: (1) stimulate the development of diversified trading and enrich the international supply chain of grain; (2) intensify international agricultural cooperation and promote the connection of regional international grain markets; (3) improve the international competitiveness of China’s leading grain enterprises; (4) encourage enterprises to establish foreign grain supply bases abroad; and (5) perfect the grain-reserve system and increase the proportion of long- and medium-term grain-trading contracts.

This chapter addresses major factors that affect production in major grain-producing areas, e.g., the contradictory distribution of soil and water resources, the regional contradiction between economic development and key grain-production areas, the benefit loss of major grain-producing areas, and the inconsistency of agricultural technology input with production in major grain-producing areas. Policy recommendations for improvement are proposed on this basis.

Global composites industries are mostly found in Europe and the United States; however, among developed countries in Asia, China is the main source of such industries. Composite-material production growth is one of the most significant trends in the development of industry. China has become the most active and fastest growing global composites area in Asia. In the next few years, based on the transformation of China’s economic structure, its economic transformation, and the rapid development of the national economy, composite material industries will show even more development. In this chapter, the development of China’s high-performance composite industry is analyzed. Problems existing in the development process, as well as the trend of development and future goals, are discussed. The development of corresponding strategies in the context of a low-carbon economy is also discussed.

In the cultivation of emerging industry, industries are faced with two bottlenecks—(1) the “Death Valley” from R&D to the market and (2) “path dependence and lock-in”—under the existing socio-technical regime, and industries must overcome these bottleneck to achieve further development. From the view of strategic-niche management (SNM), the innovation trajectory of emerging industries is through niche construction and optimizing a plan to obtain their ecological inheritance and a multilevel-perspective (MLP) interaction within and between niche innovation, the socio-technical regime, and the socio-technical landscape. This much be done to promote the first transition, i.e., from technology niche to market niche to cross “Death Valley,” as well as the second transition, i.e., the one from market niche to paradigm niche to break through path dependence and lock-in.

This chapter applies a simultaneous equation to measure the railway spillover effects on industries by three spillover channels: labor, capital, and product. Based on samples of the Chinese railway industry and 35 industries ranging from 1995 to 2012, this chapter analyzes the railway spillover effects on extent, routine, and distribution and compares changes of the spillover effect before and after 2008. Findings show that the following: (1) Railway spillover effects depend on the technology linkage and the railway’s real transport output, produced by labor, capital, and the product channel, and it has positive external effect; (2) the spillover impact on industry’s productivity varies from industries and spillover channels; and (3) spillover effects changed after 2008 because of the operation of high-speed railway (HSR).

Data on the constraint of resources over time were used to estimate the impacts of resources and nonnatural resources on industrial security and industrial development in Japan. The results showed that the factors—such as stock and flow of natural resources, the self-sufficiency of natural resources, the price of natural resources, the consumption elasticity of natural resources and labor cost—had threatened the industrial security of Japan. However, factors such as the consumption intensity of natural resources, the stock and flow direction of labor, the quality of work force and the increasing bring-up ratio has not threatened the industrial security of Japan.

The construction industry has incurred the most fatalities of any United States industry in the private sector in recent years. Although many factors may contribute to this statistic, one likely cause is due to designers who often lack knowledge of design for construction safety, which results in many safety hazards being built into project models. To improve the situation, this research was undertaken to identify the possible influence of Building Information Modeling technology on construction safety. After identifying the extent of the positive impact of BIM technology on safety, the research entailed the development of a design for a construction worker safety tool that efficiently makes suggestions regarding designing for safety available to designers and constructors. Particular emphasis was placed on falling accidents because falls are the most frequently occurring cause of fatalities on construction sites.

With the permeability of the renewable energy generations (REGs) becoming greater, the distribution network (DN) has become a complex interconnected network with distributed generations (DGs) and loads from a traditional radiate one. REGs bring the great opportunity to low-carbon and sustainable development of the distribution system (DS), but it also brings severe impacts to the security and stability of the operation. In this chapter, six key impacts regarding secure operation are analyzed including power transmission, power quality, frequency stability, islanding effects, protection, and power-system planning. Based on the analyses, corresponding suggestions are introduced. Particularly, the promotion of REGs’ stability and controllability, as well as the coordinated planning method for DN considering the integration of REGs, are discussed in detail.

Through analyzing and evaluating the safety level of the grain industry in terms of system equilibrium, stability, adaptability, and fluency, problems of the grain safety were identified from the angle of economy ecologization and feasible suggestions were put forward to strengthen national resources security, promote coordination in dynamic mechanism, and improve comprehensive decision-making in grain development.

This chapter studies the key indicators of the impact on food security, using DS theory to build China’s food-security dynamic early warning model, by calculating the weight of key indicators fusion method. This chapter verifies the validity of the model about China’s data from the period 1996 to 2011. The results show that by selecting objective, scientific indicators, the fusion method used can calculate the different years in which the key indicators of weight changed and then obtain the main factors affecting food security in a particular year as well as the previous year to obtain dynamic evaluation data on the food security in the future, which is consistent with the results of the evaluation of historical data over the years, thus proving the feasibility of constructing a dynamic early warning model.

We discuss China’s finance security indicator. The term “finance security indicator methodology” refers to the factors in economy that affect finance security as well as their assessment and quantification method. The focus of the methodology is analyzing and investigating past domestic and foreign economic strength and operation, international balance of payment and external influence, relevant government administrative capability, fiscal policies, monetary policies, financial operation and developmental level, financial soundness and control power, etc. In the assessment system of China’s finance security indicator, we highlight international experience. When analyzing the safety degree of each factor, we widely adopt internationally recognized threshold standards. The data used by this indicator system are mainly from China’s official organization, but also included are those from the World Bank, IMF, and other reliable sources.

The RMB index was calculated with July 21, 2005, as the base period; the weight of both the broad- and narrow-basket RMB indexes was determined separately; and a functional test was performed. The research indicated that the broad-basket RMB index was more stable and can better reflect the trends of the RMB against a basket of currencies both prior to and as well as in financial crisis. The broad-basket RMB index has better stability compared with the USD index and the Shanghai composite (security) index because the broad-basket RMB index fluctuates less.

Basically, technological upgrading is the foundation of industrial upgrading. Analyzing the upgrading method of a technology chain is of benefit for developing countries to shorten the gap of industrial technology and increase industrial competitiveness. This chapter shows a research method of industrial upgrading, explains the concept of an industrial technology chain, and analyses the process of industrial upgrading based on the industrial technology chain through four perspectives. Finally, this chapter makes some recommendations for the industrial upgrading of our country based on the industrial technology chain.

Since the financial crisis in 2008, China’s manufacturing industry began to move operations to Southeast Asia, South America, and inland China, thus deepening the “industrial hollowing-out” even further. This chapter analyzes the phenomenon of industrial hollowing-out in China from four production perspectives: hollowing-out, appreciation of RMB, excessive expansion of the virtual economy, and foreign direct investment. It also proposes coping strategies for industrial hollowing-out such as speeding up industry upgrading and strengthening supervision of the virtual economy.

The Drug Control Law of the People’s Republic of China, which the basic law to adjust the relationships of the medical industry in China, was released in 1984 and revised twice, respectively, in 2001 and 2013. This chapter analyzes the characteristics of the Chinese medical industry as well as future problems that may arise the industry’s development using changes in the content of the law as the point of penetration. It also analyzes and estimates the future stability and security of policies in terms of security laws of the Chinese medical industry.

This chapter summarizes the key problems of development changes as well as industrial development and its degradation, and provides an analysis of industrial development in the Danube and Belgrade regions (level of NUTS 2). The analysis includes two components: (1) economic growth and developmental changes; and (2) territorial concentration. In the chapter are identified the results of development changes and economic growth by applying shift-share analysis. The chapter shows that the consideration of national share, industrial mix, and regional share in total shift-share employment growth of the regions indicate a strong process of deindustrialization. An allocative component of regional economic growth has a positive value reflecting above-average industrial productivity. Comparative analysis of the regional industrial territorial concentration is based on location quotient. The results indicate a decrease of the territorial industrial concentration in the two Serbian regions.

Industry security is a component of economic and national security of a country or region. It is an important channel through which the government obtains reliable and valuable data to formulate policies and is the basic parameter essential for national and regional development. It is also an important part of macroeconomics. Research on economic industry security in various countries and regions is long-standing, but most studies have established a theoretical system by relying on policy regulations and economic behavior as a presupposition along with logical reasoning, a lack of economic activity, psychology empirical induction, and empirical analysis research. At the same time, economics began to reflect on postexperience single logical reasoning limitations. It was found that there are important reasons of human economic behavior that affects people’s economic behavior: It is a form of psychological motivation. It has been found through long-term study that human economic behavior has its own psychological motivation. To understand the motivation behind the behavior can help us grasp the nature of the behavior more clearly and accurately. The architecture method of psychology’s samples method of testing has the advantage of theory confirmation and construction, which the logical deductive method in economics does not have. It is in this context that psychology has a dialogue and fusion with economics resulting in the independent cross-discipline of economic psychology. Economic psychology not only broke the constraints of using purely logical reasoning in economics, it has also produced rich empirical technology; therefore, both early and future theory of economics can use these methods to perform empirical analysis research so that the research results and parameters are more scientific and realistic. Industry security in the economic field is naturally influenced by the development of economics: It introduces the theory and empirical technology of economic psychology to different degrees and in different ways to make studies more scientific and empirical. This is also the topic of this chapter. Currently evolutionary psychology and neural economic psychology have become hot topics [1]. The effect of psychology on economics has been widely recognized and applied. This chapter uses qualitative, comparative analysis, empirical method, etc.; discusses personal insights on the introduction of the theory and technology of economic psychology; clarifies respective performance effects, advantages, and practical significance of economic psychology and economic security; and discusses the orientation and focus of economic psychology in the industry security system. The innovation of this chapter is as follows: Question the limit of industry security fully established in subjective logic thinking; discuss the importance of introducing psychology to theoretical empirical analysis and technical guidance at every stage of industry security establishment and operation; put forward the author’s view of economics from the perspective of psychology; intentionally arouse more voice and special thinking on this subject from different fields; and jointly promote the development of China’s industry security research center and international industry security research system. The term “economic psychology” in this chapter refers to the common-concept category of narrow economic psychology with general economic psychology.

The chapter is based on drivers’-safety management of China’s high-speed railway. It shows the empirical process of developing a safety climate to promote safety behavior. Data were collected by means of questionnaire from 161 drivers in 7 workshops of the high-speed railway. Data were analyzed using two approaches: liner regression and mediating-effect test. Results showed that individual perceptions of safety climate exerted a causal effect on individual safety behavior. All facets of safety climate were significantly associated with safety behavior. Furthermore, we found that the relationship was mediated by the individual’s control of safety. These findings highlight the importance of high-speed driver characteristics that improve safety performance.

Integration of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (B-T-H for short) region development has raised the level of to national strategy, and industry synergy is the essences of integration of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. It is also the power of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei regional integration, so research on synergy mechanism is very important. In this article, we starts with B-T-H regional industrial comparative analysis, determine the breakthrough point of collaborative mechanisms, select the operational strategies, and finally explore an industry-coordinated development path.

Great changes have taken place in the agricultural environment in Henan province since China’s entering the WTO. In this chapter, the present situation of agricultural-product export trade in Henan was chosen as the breakthrough point and indexes such as export market share (MS) and revealed comparative advantage (RCA) were selected to analyze and evaluate the agricultural-product export competitiveness of Henan. Accordingly countermeasures and suggestions to enhance the competitiveness of its exports were put forward.

Investigation of the synergetic evolution mechanism of manufacturing enterprises’ service enhancement is performed through a case study of the Haier Group. The main findings of this study are as follows. First, this paper presents a model of synergetic evolution of technology‒organization‒service (TOS) model in the process of service enhancement for Chinese manufacturing enterprises. Second, technology and service innovation interact with each other. The technology innovation appears to be gradually user-oriented, and a new services project provides a platform for the new technology. Finally, organization innovation is the synergistic support tool for technology and service innovations.

Today, with the rapid development of globalization, regional economic integration has been an inevitable trend. In recent years, Yangtze River Delta integration has been strengthened, which the most comprehensive strength of China. During its development, transportation played a crucial role as a bridge and a hub. By analyzing the international metropolitan area’s rail transit system in Tokyo, Paris, and London, especially the rail between urban and suburban areas, we summarize the characteristic of each metropolitan area’s rail transit system, and, finally, make suggestions for the development of Yangtze River Delta regional rail transport.

For firms seeking to strategically combine their resources with those of other firms, two popular alternative governance structures emerge: alliance or acquisition. In this chapter, we use an integrated value chain to examine the how and why configurations of two firms’ resources and knowledge affect the costs and benefits associated with each governance structure. It is assumed that the integrated value chain and market growth are factors that will affect the likelihood of the focal pair of firms forming an alliance versus engaging in an acquisition. We also predict a possible transition from alliances to acquisition base on the alliance’s integration of the value chain.

The Modern information service industry plays an important role in the development of China’s national economy. In this chapter, from five aspects of the output effect, capital formation effect, technology progress effect, employment effect and industrial effect, an economic effect evaluation index system including 16 indicators is constructed. And taking Beijing as an example, economic effect evaluation is studied from 1995 to 2013 using factor analysis. The results show that the 3 common factors extracted—called technology factor, output factor, and capital factor by rotation—explains 87.775 % of the original variable information, in which the weight of the Technology factor is the largest at 0.789, and the effect on local economy continuously improves. Therefore, technological progress and employment effects should be paid more attention for modern information service industry in China.

Lenovo is currently one of the world’s leading personal technology companies. In the last 30 years, Lenovo executed its global branding strategy, e.g., it acquired IBM’s PCD, and the company is now no. 286 on Fortune 500 list. How did Lenovo build its global brand? In this essay, I will explore the process of global branding for Lenovo, analyze the approach Lenovo has taken into corporate brand management, and discuss the corporate identity and image of Lenovo by using the brand identity planning model. The objective of this essay is to find a way to achieve global corporate branding for Chinese enterprises through analyzing Lenovo’s case.

Market-oriented reform of aviation industry is always a field that deserves research. The analysis of monopoly power in China’s civil aviation industry is the precondition of reforms. This chapter measures the market structure of China’s civil aviation industry by means of three indicators: market concentration rate, product differentiation, and market share. It also illuminates the reasons why monopoly power occurs. This research may be of help for Chinese policy with regard to aviation reform.

Grain safety, which is closely related to social stability and national security in China, is a great strategy issue with overall importance, and it the following current hot topic is determining how to balance grain import promotion with guaranteeing sufficient supply and grain import limits to guarantee grain safety. This work applied net import data and consumption data of rice, wheat, corn, and soybean from FAO database statistics for India and Japan during 1961 to 2013 to calculate the net import dependence index. It also utilized case analysis method and comparative analysis for discussion of grain-trade features and validity of grain safety protection policies. Research shows that the guarantee of grain safety in China could not only depend on a decrease of grain import but shall disperse countries of origin on the premise that proper import was maintained. This article hereby makes policy recommendation to improve China’s grain-trade pattern and guarantee grain safety based on research conclusions.

Based on the industrial organization theory of SCP paradigm, this work conducts a comprehensive analysis of cultural industry in China and reveals the common problems existing in the cultural industry in China, which has important theoretical and practical significance in perfecting the target and the approach of Chinese cultural industry organization. Meanwhile, the solutions toward the problems can regulate the competition behaviors between and enhance the market performance of enterprises in the cultural industrial organization.

In the era of globalization, the cultural industry has become a necessary way in which the culture spreads widely and develops prosperously. Government regulation of the cultural industry should standardize the order of the cultural market, the essence of which is reasonable to deal with the relationship between the government and the market. In China, cultural industry regulatory organizations lack independence and authority and do not have a unified regulatory organizations, which causes the culture industry market to be confused and chaotic. Chinese cultural industry government regulations need legal norms to improve and increase social regulation.

As the “sunrise industry” of the twenty-first century, the culture industry has been an important engine of social progress and economic growth. The four provinces of central China (Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, and Anhui) signed a culture strategic cooperation framework agreement to promote culture exchange and interaction. Considering resource, environment, market, and innovative competitiveness as the first-class indexes and evaluation index system of regional culture industry competitiveness, which is made up of some corresponding secondary indexes, this chapter evaluates and analyzes culture industry competitiveness of the four provinces of central China through factor analysis and offers some corresponding countermeasures and suggestions on how to promote culture industry competitiveness.

Exhibition industry is a “sunrise industry” [1] with great vitality. With the advent of the new economy era, the application of electronic commerce has not only enriched the development modes of exhibition industry to a certain extent, it has also significantly improved the economic efficiency of the traditional exhibition industry. Through analysis of the advantages that e-commerce can bring to exhibition industry, this chapter aims to demonstrate that e-commerce is a tremendous impetus for the boom of the exhibition industry.

Currently the cultural industry in China has ushered in the opportunities for great development and prosperity and is gradually becoming the pillar industry of the national economy. Contrary to various opinions on the concept of cultural industry, this article first gives the definition of cultural industry and then analyzes the current status of development of the cultural industry in China from seven aspects: strategic opportunities, development speed, constitution of the cultural industry, investment on fixed assets, development tendency, financial support, and cultural system reform.

Maintaining security of the cultural industry constitutes an important guarantee to improve the soft cultural power and realize development of China’s cultural industry. This article researches countermeasures for maintaining the security of the cultural industry and proposes seven dimensions to promote the security of the cultural industry including actively promoting the cultural industry to a global level; transforming the development method of the cultural industry; supporting the merger and reorganization of cultural enterprises; strengthening financial support; forging copyright protection; and intensifying approval and supervision over foreign-invested cultural enterprises.

Based on the ISO26000 new social responsibility standard and embedded global value chain, this work designs and constructs 5 essential factors and 25 secondary indexes of the strategic evaluation index system of Chinese-Enterprise transformation and upgrading including economic benefits, green driving, technological innovation, accountable governance, intelligent rate, etc., T also calculates the corresponding index weights with the help of expert evaluation and AHP method. Finally, we put forward some suggestions for Chinese-Enterprise transformation and upgrading strategy.

The work adopted location quotient method to identify Chinese flower industry cluster phenomena from different perspectives. The research mainly collected three economic indicators: number of companies, number of employees, and total value of output. Making use of the data, the authors conducted empirical analyses of the phenomena. Results showed that a flower industry cluster was formed in Fujian, Henan, and Hunan, that it is rapidly gathering in Zhejiang and Shandong, and that industrial clusters are gradually emerging.

In the area of securities analysis method, the three general methods are basic analysis, technical analysis, and quantitative analysis. This chapter discusses the difficulty and problems that arise when these methods are applied when investing in China’s stock bull market, which is currently progressing. In this chapter, I try to find a better way to help investors make the right investment decision, which must be closer to the real market. The analysis and decisions are focused on the driving force of a market based on emotion and behavior. The tool for correct decision-making should be the combination of those three methods; it should also include other information that can affect or determine behaviors and emotions in the market.

This work uses nonlisted company samples from 1999 to 2007 to study the market power and scale economies before and after electricity market reform. The results of empirical research show increasing market power and slightly greater scale economies, but the whole industry could not share the benefit from the scale economies. From the perspective of the business category, the power-generation sector obtained more benefit from the reform: Its market power increased, and the scale economies were slightly greater; however, the market power of the grid had been constrained but at the cost of decreased scale economies. It is concluded that the market-oriented reform in 2002 was only an adjustment of the “rules of the game” between state-owned enterprises, not involving other stakeholders, so it was difficult to form an energetic, continuous, and predictable market structure.

China’s current financial situation is grim; PPP mode has become an important channel for local financing; and PPP projects will grow rapidly this year in China. The authors believe that PPP should improve top-level design, strengthen the financial-sector PPP project veto, and establish and improve relevant legislation in order to play the role of intermediary organizations, supervise service, and protect the interests of both government and business interests to prevent the BCC from triggering a local debt systemic risk.

Since the 1990s, with the development of the private enterprise, it has become a new growth point of the national and local economy and the important carrier of technology innovation in China. Private enterprise provides important insurance of increasing employment and the stabilization of society, and it has made great contribution to alleviate pressure on employment and maintain social stability. Since the Reform and Opening-Up, the growth of the private enterprise in Guangdong has been rapid; in 2015, the number and development of private enterprises in Guangdong ranks first place in China. The rapid growth of private enterprises has become an important factor stimulating employment. For quantitative analysis of the employment effect of private enterprise development, this work used two indexes—private enterprise fixed assets investment and social employment. We found that the development of private enterprises has a significant role in promoting the economy’ employment.

Yixin Inc. was founded in 2006 as the first P2P lending company in China, which started a new Internet-financing era in China. The P2P lending market has show explosive growth since 2012, and Internet-financing has become the most popular phrase on TV and in newspapers, government documents, etc. P2P lending energizes the traditional finance market and creates market opportunities in China, but it also brings approximately many problems and government regulatory challenges, such as money theft, illegal fund-raising, and fraudulent financing. This work describes different P2P lending models, of which the main risks are analyzed, and suggests regulatory policies to protect against risk.

This work uses the data of 23 commercial banks from 2003 to 2011 concluding that the capital-buffer level of commercial banks is pro-cyclical, and the enhancing liquidity-creation function of large commercial banks help to perfect the capital-buffer mechanism. However, the enhancing liquidity-creation function of joint-equity commercial banks will decrease the capital-buffer level, and the liquidity-creation function of the entire financial system is negatively correlated with the capital-buffer level. On this basis, we propose the recommendation of consummating counter-cyclical capital-buffer mechanisms.

Since the global financial crisis, commercial banks have highlighted concern about risk management. In 2013, People’s Bank of China deregulated the limitation on bank lending rates, which implies the emergence of a market-oriented interest rate policy. The study aims to investigate the effect of interest rates on bank risk-taking. The empirical results of this study show that interest rates have a relation with bank risk-taking. The short-term interest rate has a negative relation with total risk, idiosyncratic risk, and default risk, but not systematic risk, whereas the long-term interest rate has a positive relation with total risk, idiosyncratic risk, and default risk, but not systematic risk. This study found that state-owned banks are negatively correlated with total risk, systematic risk, and default risk but have idiosyncratic risk compared with joint-stock banks.

The Chinese central government determined that the focus of future economic work should be on the adjustment of economic structure and the transformation of development mode. The comprehensive transition to a low-carbon economy would be the main direction of China’s future economic development. Finance, an important means and approach for the optimization of resource allocation and redistribution of funds, will definitely play a major role in the development of a low-carbon economy in China.

The iron and steel industry occupies a significant part of the national economy. In this paper, multi-level grey correlation analysis method is applied to evaluate and analyze the international competitiveness of the iron and steel industry among four Asian iron and steel producing countries: China, Japan, South Korea, and India, by cross-sectional data of the years 2003, 2007, and 2012. The research results show that Japan has the strongest international competitiveness among the four countries, followed by China and South Korea, while India is the least competitive country. Production capacity and the economic environment of China are in a state of competitive advantage, while market performance and the technology level of China are in a state of competitive disadvantage.

Under a context that electronic banking gradually become the main direction of bank development, a study on the motive factors of electronic banking business of underdeveloped areas is what we need to draw out experiences and references, and to encourage the majority of domestic commercial banks to explore an appropriate mode of Internet finance. In this paper, placing the electronic banking development of Bank A as the main thread, using method of longitudinal dynamic single case study, studies on three aspects, namely, consciousness of leaders, influences from outside and internal management mechanism, so as to open the “black box” that covers the influence factors of the development of electronic banking business. The result indicates that given the regional particularity, development of electronic banking in underdeveloped areas is with hysteretic and phased nature, and the influence factors are evolving dynamically in different phases, which cause an uneven distribution of leading factor.

This paper uses provincial panel data of 1995–2013, and adopts static fixed effect panel data model from two angles of the time comparative and regional comparative analysis of our country’s trade openness contribution to employment growth. The results show that the employment effects of foreign trade, after the WTO accession, is greater than before, and there is a significant difference in the employment effects on the three regions of the eastern, the central and the western. The negative role of employment growth caused by imports was ranked as eastern, central and western. The positive role of employment growth caused by exports in the western is greater than in the central. Accordingly, the article puts forward some policy recommendations.

With the advent of an aging society, having a large number of elderly people creates increasingly significant aging trends. The content of home-based care services has been gradually enriched and perfected, but it is not yet standardized. Service management and service staff lack professional training, and there is conflict between service staff and clients as well as other issues. In order to better regulate home-care service, the author participated in the development process of China’s domestic service standards and redefined the concept combined with the actual situation. In this process, the author will regulate the specification of the service sector and play a positive role for the whole family industry.

The contradiction of overcapacity is more and more prominent; this article from the perspective of government, industry associations, and enterprises reviews the control measures of overcapacity. Deepening reform, eliminating backward production capacity, overcoming local protectionism, limiting market access, and expanding domestic demand are the control measures of government; industry associations should play an active role to control overcapacity. As for enterprises themselves, they should improve the technical level, apply a “going out” strategy actively, and speed up mergers and acquisitions.

This paper addresses the optimization model of traffic sensor location considering drivers’ route choice behaviors. Based on the idea of bi-level programming, a mathematical model with an objective of maximizing total observed traffic flow, it is first formulated to maximize the benefit game between traffic managers and drivers. A hybrid GA-MSA algorithm is proposed to obtain the optimal or near-optimal solution of the above model, in which GA is utilized to solve the upper-level mixed integer nonlinear programming and MSA is adopted to get the link flow pattern in a stochastic user equilibrium state under different traffic sensor location schemes.

This work analyzes the particularities on present urbanization, urban spatial structure with “multi-centre and cluster-mode,” and motorization of the main urban area in Chongqing. In addition, the characteristics of traffic congestion are analyzed from the perspective of time and space evolution. The characteristics show that the congestion sources are combined with congestion points and regionalized; the congested points locate in connections between clusters, and transportation supply is insufficient; traffic congestion occurs intensively during the morning and evening peak hours and is in the stage of duration extension. The characteristics indicate that the traffic congestion in the inner-ring urban areas of Chongqing is getting worse with more congested regions and last longer than peak-hour duration. Finally, the ideology on congestion management is proposed briefly in the aspects of urban spatial structure, public transit, traffic-demand management, and travel civilization.

This article establishes the seamless joint evaluation system of distribution management in public housing using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). There are significant differences among different modes of public housing, while the entire distribution management mode is obviously better suited to the public housing than others.

This work presents an SEM analysis framework of the interaction mechanism of city traffic congestion and related variables. Instead of the traditional transport economics theories, our work is based on the time–space economy perspective whereby the reasons for and solutions to traffic congestion are reconsidered. The main contribution of our work is to explore Downs Law and advance the following congestion paradox: No matter how traffic develops under the city agglomeration, road congestion will be relieved in the short term but will return to the original conditions in long term. We find that the traffic congestion cannot be avoided but that accessibility can be improved by providing a large-volume time–space tunnel. The conceptual framework and the paradox are empirically tested using the case of the Tokyo metropolitan area. We also recommend relevant authorities to improve the space–time conversion ability by establishing TOD mode.

This article is based on the Bottom of Pyramid Strategy (BoP for short) theory, discussing several models of how Chinese enterprises carry out business model innovation based on BoP. After a detailed review of features related to consumption, cognition, ability, and environment in BoP groups and BoP markets, this article found that a BoP market can deliver two kinds of business model innovation, and enterprises should choose best-fit business models to develop market potential according to their own business features and the specific features of the BoP market they are dealing with.

Based on the perspective of management, this paper reviews and analyzes concepts of crisis management, crisis public relations, and crisis communication. By studying the relationships and differences among these three concepts, this paper draws some conclusions. 1. The function of enterprises’ public relations is a perspective of studying crisis management. 2. From the perspective of management, crisis communication is a secondary field of studying crisis management. 3. The study of crisis response strategy in crisis communication is a considerable part of crisis public relations and crisis management.

With the development of the Chinese economy entering a new normal era, Chinese traditional energy enterprises will meet with some difficulties. As a new kind of energy, geothermal resources have some advantages, such as cleanliness, recycling, and richness. Therefore, we should actively research and exploit geothermal resources. It is an important opportunity for the transformation and upgrading of traditional energy enterprises in China. Start earlier—gain more. The Chinese traditional energy enterprises must convert conceptions, develop new thinking, and solve the problems hindering development if they want to do something great while exploiting geothermal resources. Only this, the transformation of traditional energy enterprises can open up a new world for geothermal development.

This paper presents peer production on the basis of the three industrial revolutions. It briefly introduces the Open Source Software phenomenon and background of peer production, then analyzes the conditions and dynamics which make peer production emerging. The paper points out that internet communication, modularity, and customers as innovators play an important role in peer production. It considers that some external environments such as hacker culture and popularity of knowledge make peer production lasting. Finally the paper summarizes the characteristics of the peer production method, including mass collaboration and customers as innovators.

Considering a comprehensive review of the current situation of the development of new energy automotive industry in China, in order to solve the core problem of insufficient demand, this paper explores the factors influencing Chinese consumer perception and shifting behavior towards hybrid cars. On the basis of the current industry status and the empirical conclusions, suggestions for practical countermeasures are put forward in the article.

In this paper, a study on simulation of a boys’ dormitory building evacuation in case of emergency is carried out, using the evacuation simulation software Pathfinder 2011. With parameters set on the basis of the establishment of building models and their respective personnel, with the Steering model selected, and with different numbers of exits, the simulation results show that the time and evacuation numbers linearly correspond in a particular relationship; the rate of change of evacuation time along with the number of evacuations undergo dynamic growth in a certain number of intervals. Using the condition of saturation of evacuees, and carrying out the simulation and analysis of different numbers of exits, evacuees, and evacuation styles, where and when the highest risks are can be demonstrated, so as to optimize evacuations.