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What Is a Computer? Read chapter Read first chapter

2020 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

16. Propositional and Predicate Logic

Author : Gerard O’Regan

Published in: Mathematics in Computing

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

This chapter provides an introduction to propositional and predicate logic. Propositional logic may be used to encode simple arguments that are expressed in natural language, and to determine their validity. The nature of mathematical proof is discussed, and we present proof by truth tables, semantic tableaux and natural deduction. Predicate logic allows complex facts about the world to be represented, and new facts may be determined via deductive reasoning. Predicate calculus includes predicates, variables and quantifiers, and a predicate is a characteristic or property that the subject of a statement can have.

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previous chapter A Short History of Logic
next chapter Advanced Topics in Logic
Footnotes
1
Basic truth tables were first used by Frege, and developed further by Post and Wittgenstein.
 
2
This institution is now known as University College Cork and has approximately 18,000 students.
 
3
This is stated more formally that if H ∪ {P} ├ Q by a deduction containing no application of generalization to a variable that occurs free in P then H ├ P → Q.
 
Literature
Dijkstra EW (1976) A disciple of programming. Prentice Hall
Kelly J (1997) The essence of logic. Prentice Hall
Mendelson E (1987) Introduction to mathematical logic. Wadsworth and Cole/Brook, Advanced Books & Software
Metadata
Title
Propositional and Predicate Logic
Author
Gerard O’Regan
Copyright Year
2020
Book
Mathematics in Computing

Print ISBN: 978-3-030-34208-1

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-030-34209-8

Copyright Year: 2020

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-34209-8_16

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