Introduction
Aim and objectives
Aim
Objectives
Methods
Subjects
TCM episodic patients | WM episodic patients | WM chronic patients | HK general population (2009) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
n
| 569 | 524 | 205 | 7,003,700 |
Age (mean/SD) | 55.7 (14.3) | 49.3 (15.9) | 54.1 (11.4) | 44.7 (16.2)* |
Male, n (%) | 189 (33.2) | 213 (40.7) | 95 (46.3) | 889 (47.1) |
Education level (%) | ||||
Nill | 10.9 | 5.8 | 9.8 | 22.9a
|
Primary | 28.6 | 21.5 | 37.6 | 16.1 |
Secondary | 45.5 | 55.4 | 43.4 | 35.9 |
Tertiary | 14.6 | 17.3 | 9.3 | 25.0 |
Unsure | 0.4 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0 |
Prevalence chronic disease (%) | 45.3 | 33.8 | 83.9 | NA |
Hypertension | 21.6 | 17.6 | 62.0 | |
Diabetes | 4.0 | 1.1 | 12.7 | |
Cardiovascular disease | 4.2 | 3.6 | 1.5 | |
Chronic pain | 3.2 | 0.6 | 2.4 | |
Psychological disorder | 0.7 | 0.4 | 0.3 | |
Others | 66.2 | 76.7 | 21.2 | |
ChQOL(HK version) physical form (形) (mean/SD)
| 64.07 (15.42) | 67.85 (13.47) | 70.93 (12.90) | NA |
Complexion | 45.46 (18.41) | 47.53 (17.03) | 51.24 (15.29) | |
Sleep | 67.34 (26.77) | 68.21 (22.60) | 71.24 (21.43) | |
Stamina | 58.22 (23.39) | 66.35 (20.19) | 68.25 (18.89) | |
Appetite and digestion | 81.37 (19.77) | 80.61 (15.94) | 82.93 (14.22) | |
Climate adaptation | 67.94 (27.52) | 76.53 (22.28) | 81.26 (21.90) | |
Vitality and spirit (神) | 69.66 (18.50) | 67.60 (15.47) | 69.62 (15.00) | NA |
Consciousness | 79.80 (21.10) | 82.39 (18.19) | 87.40 (17.04) | |
Thinking | 59.02 (21.87) | 58.71 (18.78) | 57.61 (17.57) | |
Spirit of eye | 55.32 (32.29) | 52.49 (25.33) | 52.52 (25.01) | |
Verbal expression | 84.49 (18.66) | 76.83 (17.92) | 81.10 (18.42) | |
Emotion (情志) | 77.32 (17.74) | 77.18 (15.34) | 80.29 (14.60) | NA |
Joy | 67.00 (26.26) | 61.17 (20.50) | 63.66 (19.08) | |
Anger | 71.85 (22.93) | 77.46 (20.24) | 81.35 (20.19) | |
Depress | 81.60 (20.42) | 83.38 (17.72) | 86.36 (16.01) | |
Fear | 88.83 (19.69) | 86.73 (19.04) | 89.80 (17.94) | |
Overall health | 70.35 (14.49) | 70.90 (12.32) | 73.59 (12.40) | NA |
SF-36 | ||||
Physical functioning (PF) | 72.72 (24.09) | 87.37 (16.06) | 84.32 (18.05) | 91.83 (12.89) |
Role limitation due to physical problems (RP) | 44.82 (43.14) | 63.34 (39.15) | 74.27 (38.10) | 90.44 (17.93) |
Bodily pain (BP) | 49.16 (33.04) | 63.15 (28.18) | 72.33 (29.02) | 83.98 (21.89) |
General health (GH) | 50.71 (26.65) | 52.94 (21.74) | 53.57 (22.83) | 55.98 (20.18) |
Vitality (VT) | 58.03 (24.04) | 60.97 (20.95) | 66.08 (20.86) | 59.92 (18.36) |
Social functioning (SF) | 83.28 (25.13) | 85.04 (23.61) | 89.46 (20.71) | 91.19 (15.57) |
Role limitation due to emotional problems (RE) | 71.70 (41.51) | 71.94 (39.73) | 80.23 (35.11) | 87.67 (18.16) |
Mental health (MH) | 74.89 (22.09) | 74.31 (18.81) | 79.67 (17.75) | 71.46 (16.67) |
Physical component summary (PCS) | 33.46 (14.63) | 42.76 (10.76) | 43.38 (12.16) | 50.00 (9.40) |
Mental component summary (MCS) | 55.55 (12.77) | 52.13 (11.05) | 55.62 (9.17) | 50.00 (9.65) |
Data collection
Study instruments
Chinese quality of life instrument
The SF-36 health survey
The global rating on change scale
Data analysis
Results
Subjects
Score distribution
% Floor | % Ceiling | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
TCM episodic patients | WM episodic patients | WM chronic patients | TCM episodic patients | WM episodic patients | WM chronic patients | |
n
| 569 | 524 | 205 | 569 | 524 | 205 |
ChQOL physical form | 12.09 | 5.58 | 4.24 | 35.21 | 36.66 | 40.73 |
Complexion | 16.52 | 12.22 | 6.83 | 6.11 | 1.48 | 2.27 |
Sleep | 11.42 | 3.64 | 3.09 | 35.90 | 35.81 | 40.16 |
Stamina | 19.92 | 7.25 | 7.32 | 27.96 | 36.56 | 39.76 |
Appetite and digestion | 9.74 | 1.39 | 0.73 | 50.33 | 55.25 | 58.54 |
Climate adaptation | 2.87 | 3.39 | 3.25 | 55.77 | 54.18 | 62.93 |
Vitality and spirit | 7.34 | 5.60 | 5.21 | 42.85 | 26.50 | 35.81 |
Consciousness | 10.19 | 1.04 | 0.65 | 49.17 | 50.61 | 69.92 |
Thinking | 7.93 | 6.20 | 7.02 | 52.31 | 11.68 | 11.61 |
Spirit of eye | 6.15 | 14.14 | 12.68 | 32.40 | 9.57 | 9.51 |
Verbal expression | 5.10 | 1.04 | 0.49 | 37.52 | 34.13 | 52.20 |
Emotion | 12.18 | 2.72 | 1.94 | 37.56 | 49.84 | 54.67 |
Joy | 19.80 | 6.03 | 4.02 | 21.65 | 11.42 | 12.80 |
Anger | 7.82 | 2.75 | 2.34 | 48.52 | 53.27 | 59.71 |
Depress | 8.37 | 0.90 | 0.41 | 33.66 | 62.81 | 68.29 |
Fear and anxiety | 12.71 | 1.20 | 0.98 | 46.40 | 71.86 | 77.89 |
Overall health | 1.30 | 0.05 | 0.09 | 14.80 | 10.80 | 13.60 |
SF-36 (%floor/%ceiling of the general population) | ||||||
PF (0.20/46.0) | 0.53 | 0.09 | 0.49 | 13.71 | 34.84 | 22.93 |
RP (0.60/64.40) | 39.19 | 18.27 | 15.12 | 31.46 | 45.29 | 62.44 |
BP (0.50/54.70) | 13.18 | 2.17 | 1.47 | 17.22 | 27.31 | 10.78 |
GH (1.00/0.50) | 4.22 | 0.47 | 0.98 | 0.35 | 0.75 | 0.49 |
VT (0.20/1.70) | 1.76 | 0.38 | 0.49 | 4.57 | 2.26 | 4.90 |
SF (0.10/70.80) | 1.05 | 1.04 | 0.49 | 57.47 | 64.22 | 72.55 |
RE (0.30/55.40) | 21.97 | 16.95 | 12.25 | 64.15 | 63.94 | 71.57 |
MH (0.00/4.50) | 0.18 | 0.19 | 0.49 | 10.72 | 6.12 | 11.27 |
Scaling assumptions
TCM episodic patients | WM episodic patients | WM chronic patients | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n
| 569 | 524 | 205 | ||||
Domains | Facets | Correlations* | Scaling success rate† (%) | Correlations | Scaling success rate† (%) | Correlations | Scaling success rate† (%) |
Physical form | Complexion | 0.31–0.51 | 100 | 0.43–0.53 | 100 | 0.49–0.56 | 100 |
Sleep | 0.37–0.75 | 100 | 0.35–0.60 | 100 | 0.37–0.60 | 100 | |
Stamina | 0.41–0.58 | 100 | 0.38–0.62 | 100 | 0.44–0.55 | 100 | |
Appetite and digestion | 0.45–0.60 | 100 | 0.35–0.39 | 100 | 0.27–0.50 | 87.50 | |
Climate adaptation | 0.25–0.47 | 100 | 0.24–0.51 | 100 | 0.42–0.53 | 100 | |
Vitality and spirit | Consciousness | 0.58–0.59 | 100 | 0.63–0.66 | 100 | 0.52–0.56 | 100 |
Thinking | 0.46–0.67 | 95 | 0.52–0.67 | 100 | 0.42–0.55 | 98.33 | |
Spirit of eye | 0.54 | 100 | 0.48 | 100 | 0.54 | 100 | |
Verbal expression | 0.37 | 91.67 | 0.43 | 100 | 0.42 | 91.67 | |
Emotion | Joy | 0.63–0.87 | 100 | 0.59–0.75 | 100 | 0.52–0.74 | 100 |
Anger | 0.40–0.67 | 96.67 | 0.42–0.65 | 100 | 0.48–0.64 | 100 | |
Depress | 0.48–0.77 | 100 | 0.53–0.73 | 100 | 0.47–0.68 | 98.61 | |
Fear and anxiety | 0.54–0.59 | 100 | 0.52–0.64 | 100 | 0.54–0.69 | 97.22 |
Clinic | TCM episodic patients | WM episodic patients | WM chronic patients | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n
| 569 | 524 | 205 | |||||||||
Domains | Physical form | Vitality and spirit | Emotion | Overall health | Physical form | Vitality and spirit | Emotion | Overall health | Physical form | Vitality and spirit | Emotion | Overall health |
Facets | ||||||||||||
Complexion | 0.42*,†
| 0.32* | 0.35* | 0.49* | 0.42*,†
| 0.36* | 0.35* | 0.53* | 0.45*,†
| 0.37* | 0.38* | 0.53* |
Sleep | 0.39*,†
| 0.33* | 0.43* | 0.56* | 0.45*,†
| 0.31* | 0.38* | 0.56* | 0.43*,†
| 0.41* | 0.42* | 0.57* |
Stamina | 0.51*,†
| 0.52* | 0.47* | 0.67* | 0.57*,†
| 0.49* | 0.50* | 0.71* | 0.57*,†
| 0.56* | 0.50* | 0.70* |
Appetite and digestion | 0.44*,†
| 0.41* | 0.44* | 0.57* | 0.51*,†
| 0.31* | 0.46* | 0.56* | 0.47*,†
| 0.30* | 0.45* | 0.50* |
Climate adaptation | 0.37*,†
| 0.32* | 0.21* | 0.46* | 0.42*,†
| 0.27* | 0.33* | 0.51* | 0.43*,†
| 0.40* | 0.41* | 0.57* |
Consciousness | 0.53* | 0.64*,†
| 0.47* | 0.71* | 0.43* | 0.57*,†
| 0.38* | 0.63* | 0.53* | 0.59*,†
| 0.52* | 0.71* |
Thinking | 0.43* | 0.67*,†
| 0.37* | 0.66* | 0.41* | 0.64*,†
| 0.41* | 0.66* | 0.42* | 0.57*,†
| 0.36* | 0.60* |
Spirit of eye | 0.49* | 0.53*,†
| 0.39* | 0.70* | 0.46* | 0.53*,†
| 0.36* | 0.66* | 0.46* | 0.48*,†
| 0.46* | 0.67* |
Verbal expression | 0.34* | 0.53*,†
| 0.33* | 0.55* | 0.22* | 0.45*,†
| 0.25* | 0.45* | 0.38* | 0.49*,†
| 0.42* | 0.59* |
Joy | 0.51* | 0.47* | 0.62*,†
| 0.71* | 0.43* | 0.43* | 0.46*,†
| 0.63* | 0.48* | 0.46* | 0.54*,†
| 0.66* |
Anger | 0.40* | 0.36* | 0.58*,†
| 0.60* | 0.43* | 0.31* | 0.59*,†
| 0.61* | 0.44* | 0.44* | 0.59*,†
| 0.64* |
Depress | 0.46* | 0.43* | 0.73*,†
| 0.68* | 0.49* | 0.32* | 0.69*,†
| 0.65* | 0.53* | 0.42* | 0.67*,†
| 0.66* |
Fear and anxiety | 0.39* | 0.31* | 0.48*,†
| 0.51* | 0.48* | 0.38* | 0.58*,†
| 0.64* | 0.48* | 0.44* | 0.53*,†
| 0.61* |
Factor structure
Domains of ChQOL | Facets of ChQOL | TCM episodic patients (n = 569) | WM episodic patients (n = 524) | WM chronic patients (n = 205) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Factor 1 | Factor 2 | % variance | Factor 1 | Factor 2 | % variance | Factor 1 | Factor 2 | % variance | ||
Factor loadings | 49.74 | Factor loadings | 49.85 | Factor loadings | 52.16 | |||||
Physical form | Complexion | 0.48 | 0.23 | 0.42 | 0.37 | 0.39 | 0.37 | |||
Sleep | 0.56 | 0.2 | 0.52 | 0.24 | 0.54 | 0.24 | ||||
Stamina | 0.41 | 0.59 | 0.58 | 0.45 | 0.53 | 0.54 | ||||
Appetite and digestion | 0.55 | 0.3 | 0.61 | 0.21 | 0.69 | 0.21 | ||||
Climate adaptation | 0.15 | 0.48 | 0.45 | 0.22 | 0.54 | 0.29 | ||||
Vitality and spirit | Consciousness | 0.24 | 0.81 | 0.26 | 0.73 | 0.3 | 0.73 | |||
Thinking | 0.16 | 0.83 | 0.25 | 0.78 | 0.13 | 0.85 | ||||
Spirit of eye | 0.31 | 0.61 | 0.25 | 0.70 | 0.37 | 0.56 | ||||
Verbal expression | 0.18 | 0.67 | 0.02 | 0.70 | 0.22 | 0.69 | ||||
Emotion | Joy | 0.74 | 0.27 | 0.56 | 0.39 | 0.6 | 0.35 | |||
Anger | 0.69 | 0.15 | 0.75 | 0.06 | 0.68 | 0.29 | ||||
Depress | 0.81 | 0.19 | 0.83 | 0.09 | 0.85 | 0.16 | ||||
Fear and anxiety | 0.66 | 0.18 | 0.75 | 0.15 | 0.72 | 0.19 |
Dimension | Domain of ChQOL | Factor 1 | % variance | Factor 1 | % variance | Factor 1 | % variance |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Overall health | Physical form | 0.86 | 70.84 | 0.86 | 69.15 | 0.89 | 76.19 |
Emotion | 0.83 | 0.83 | 0.88 | ||||
Vitality and spirit | 0.83 | 0.80 | 0.85 |
Convergent construct validity
TCM episodic patients | WM episodic patients | WM chronic patients | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n
| 569 | 524 | 205 | |||||||||
Domains of ChQOL | Physical form | Vitality and spirit | Emotion | Overall health | Physical form | Vitality and spirit | Emotion | Overall health | Physical form | Vitality and spirit | Emotion | Overall health |
Domain of SF-36 | ||||||||||||
PCS | 0.40 | 0.38 | 0.16 | 0.37 | 0.49 | 0.31 | 0.32 | 0.45 | 0.56 | 0.45 | 0.36 | 0.53 |
MCS | 0.46 | 0.35 | 0.66 | 0.58 | 0.42 | 0.34 | 0.63 | 0.56 | 0.42 | 0.34 | 0.6 | 0.52 |
PF | 0.38 | 0.37 | 0.17 | 0.35 | 0.44 | 0.38 | 0.32 | 0.47 | 0.53 | 0.46 | 0.39 | 0.53 |
RP | 0.42 | 0.34 | 0.3 | 0.41 | 0.40 | 0.23 | 0.36 | 0.39 | 0.43 | 0.36 | 0.38 | 0.43 |
BP | 0.34 | 0.29 | 0.19 | 0.31 | 0.35 | 0.18 | 0.30 | 0.33 | 0.45 | 0.32 | 0.39 | 0.45 |
GH | 0.64 | 0.48 | 0.48 | 0.63 | 0.58 | 0.42 | 0.49 | 0.60 | 0.62 | 0.59 | 0.51 | 0.68 |
VT | 0.64 | 0.5 | 0.53 | 0.66 | 0.57 | 0.44 | 0.54 | 0.63 | 0.61 | 0.5 | 0.54 | 0.63 |
SF | 0.37 | 0.24 | 0.34 | 0.39 | 0.34 | 0.18 | 0.41 | 0.37 | 0.35 | 0.19 | 0.35 | 0.33 |
RE | 0.41 | 0.35 | 0.43 | 0.48 | 0.40 | 0.32 | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.44 | 0.34 | 0.53 | 0.49 |
MH | 0.55 | 0.43 | 0.76 | 0.72 | 0.45 | 0.38 | 0.68 | 0.61 | 0.53 | 0.48 | 0.72 | 0.66 |
Rating of Chinese medicine practitioners | Rating of Western medicine doctors | ||
---|---|---|---|
TCM episodic patients | WM episodic patients | WM chronic patients | |
n = 569 |
n = 524 |
n = 205 | |
ChQOL(HK version) physical form | −0.12* | −0.06 | −0.07 |
Complexion | −0.06 | −0.05 | 0.01 |
Sleep | −0.09* | −0.02 | 0.00 |
Stamina | −0.10* | −0.08* | −0.13 |
Appetite and digestion | −0.05 | −0.03 | −0.03 |
Climate adaptation | −0.11* | 0.00 | −0.09 |
Vitality and spirit | 0.01 | −0.13* | −0.10 |
Consciousness | 0.00 | −0.12* | −0.13 |
Thinking | 0.04 | −0.05 | −0.05 |
Spirit of eye | −0.01 | −0.10* | −0.08 |
Verbal expression | 0.01 | −0.10* | −0.03 |
Emotion | −0.03 | −0.05 | −0.06 |
Joy | −0.12* | −0.09* | −0.07 |
Anger | 0.03 | 0.00 | −0.03 |
Depress | 0.03 | −0.05 | −0.03 |
Fear and anxiety | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.06 |
Overall health | −0.05 | −0.09* | −0.08 |
Component summary score of SF-36 | |||
PCS | −0.16* | −0.12* | −0.13 |
MCS | −0.13* | −0.02 | −0.05 |
Domains of SF-36 | |||
PF | −0.09* | −0.12* | −0.12 |
RP | −0.19* | −0.07* | −0.21* |
BP | −0.11* | −0.11* | −0.03 |
GH | −0.20* | −0.09* | −0.15 |
VT | −0.15* | −0.06 | −0.05 |
SF | −0.19* | −0.02 | −0.21 |
RE | −0.10* | −0.04 | −0.02 |
MH | −0.12* | −0.08* | −0.08 |
TCM episodic patients | WM episodic patients | All patients | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n
| 569 | 524 | 1,093 | ||||||
Patients’ GRS at 2 weeks | Change in PCS | Change in MCS | Change in physical form | Change in spirit and vitality | Change in emotion | Change in overall health | |||
SF-36 | Change in PCS | 0.07 | 0.16** | −0.35** | 0.20** | 0.15** | 0.07 | 0.17** | |
Change in MCS | −0.00 | 0.10** | −0.35** | 0.28** | 0.19** | 0.42** | 0.37** | ||
ChQOL | Change in physical form | 0.12* | 0.12** | 0.20** | 0.28** | 0.35** | 0.40** | 0.78** | |
Change in spirit and vitality | 0.00 | 0.05 | 0.149** | 0.189** | 0.35** | 0.43** | 0.77** | ||
Change in emotion | 0.01 | 0.03 | 0.071 | 0.42** | 0.40** | 0.43** | |||
Change in overall health | 0.05 | 0.10** | 0.169** | 0.37** | 0.73** | 0.78** | 0.77** |
Reliability
TCM episodic patients | WM episodic patients | WM chronic patients | Patients with no change on GRS | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n
| 569 | 524 | 205 | 736 | |||
Cronbach’s alpha | ICC | 95% CI | ICC | 95% CI | |||
Domains/facets of ChQOL physical form | 0.83 | 0.85 | 0.85 | 0.77 | 0.68–0.83 | 0.74 | 0.69–0.79 |
Complexion | 0.64 | 0.70 | 0.71 | 0.46 | 0.26–0.61 | 0.59 | 0.49–0.66 |
Sleep | 0.75 | 0.68 | 0.68 | 0.75 | 0.66–0.82 | 0.70 | 0.64–0.76 |
Stamina | 0.76 | 0.78 | 0.76 | 0.71 | 0.60–0.79 | 0.75 | 0.70–0.80 |
Appetite and digestion | 0.73 | 0.62 | 0.6 | 0.63 | 0.49–0.73 | 0.69 | 0.62–0.74 |
Climate adaptation | 0.59 | 0.58 | 0.65 | 0.59 | 0.44–0.70 | 0.65 | 0.57–0.71 |
Vitality and spirit | 0.87 | 0.86 | 0.84 | 0.65 | 0.52–0.75 | 0.76 | 0.71–0.80 |
Consciousness | 0.76 | 0.78 | 0.70 | 0.61 | 0.47–0.72 | 0.71 | 0.65–0.76 |
Thinking | 0.78 | 0.81 | 0.77 | 0.52 | 0.34–0.65 | 0.75 | 0.70–0.80 |
Spirit of eye | 0.70 | 0.65 | 0.72 | 0.52 | 0.33–0.65 | 0.63 | 0.55–0.70 |
Verbal expression | 0.57 | 0.59 | 0.54 | 0.52 | 0.35–0.65 | 0.62 | 0.54–0.69 |
Emotion | 0.90 | 0.91 | 0.91 | 0.88 | 0.83–0.91 | 0.78 | 0.73–0.82 |
Joy | 0.78 | 0.85 | 0.84 | 0.59 | 0.44–0.70 | 0.75 | 0.69–0.79 |
Anger | 0.60 | 0.80 | 0.83 | 0.73 | 0.64–0.81 | 0.73 | 0.67–0.78 |
Depress | 0.88 | 0.87 | 0.82 | 0.83 | 0.77–0.88 | 0.71 | 0.64–0.76 |
Fear and anxiety | 0.74 | 0.76 | 0.79 | 0.82 | 0.75–0.87 | 0.63 | 0.55–0.70 |
Overall health | 0.93 | 0.93 | 0.94 | 0.83 | 0.77–0.88 | 0.80 | 0.75–0.83 |
SF-36 | |||||||
PF | 0.86 | 0.83 | 0.81 | 0.81 | 0.73–0.86 | 0.80 | 0.76–0.84 |
RP | 0.89 | 0.84 | 0.90 | 0.65 | 0.52–0.74 | 0.67 | 0.60–0.73 |
BP | 0.88 | 0.88 | 0.85 | 0.81 | 0.74–0.86 | 0.67 | 0.60–0.73 |
GH | 0.81 | 0.71 | 0.76 | 0.80 | 0.73–0.86 | 0.81 | 0.77–0.85 |
VT | 0.80 | 0.79 | 0.77 | 0.77 | 0.69–0.83 | 0.71 | 0.64–0.76 |
SF | 0.68 | 0.88 | 0.73 | 0.47 | 0.28–0.62 | 0.60 | 0.51–0.67 |
RE | 0.91 | 0.86 | 0.86 | 0.64 | 0.51–0.74 | 0.50 | 0.39–0.59 |
MH | 0.85 | 0.81 | 0.81 | 0.77 | 0.69–0.83 | 0.74 | 0.68–0.78 |
PCS | 0.67 | 0.74 | 0.81 | 0.83 | 0.76–0.87 | 0.81 | 0.76–0.84 |
MCS | 0.78 | 0.77 | 0.76 | 0.74 | 0.64–0.81 | 0.70 | 0.64–0.76 |
Responsiveness
TCM episodic patients | WM episodic patients | |
---|---|---|
n
| 387* | 442* |
Mean change (effect sizea) | Mean change (effect sizea) | |
ChQOL (HK version) | ||
Physical form | 9.17 (0.59) | −2.05 (−0.15) |
Vitality and spirit | 6.30 (0.34) | 7.21 (0.47) |
Emotion | 6.42 (0.36) | 5.97 (0.39) |
Overall | 7.35 (0.50) | 3.76 (0.31) |
SF-36 | ||
PCS | 6.74 (0.46) | 5.02 (0.46) |
MCS | 1.52 (0.12) | 2.35 (0.22) |
PF | 5.94 (0.25) | 2.96 (0.19) |
RP | 18.28 (0.43) | 14.65 (0.37) |
BP | 20.43 (0.62) | 16.14 (0.56) |
GH | 6.13 (0.23) | 7.68 (0.36) |
VT | 7.14 (0.30) | 7.62 (0.37) |
SF | 5.72 (0.23) | 6.17 (0.27) |
RE | 8.01 (0.20) | 10.79 (0.28) |
MH | 5.22 (0.24) | 3.67 (0.20) |
Discriminatory power
Severity of illness | Age group | Genders | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mild | Moderate/severe | 18–40 | 41–64 | >65 | Female | Male | ||
TCM episodic patients (n = 569) | HRQOL scores mean (SD) | |||||||
n
| 133 | 436 | 92 | 301 | 176 | 380 | 189 | |
Domains of ChQOL (HK version) | Physical form | 66.8 (15.6)* | 63.3 (15.2)* | 62.1 (14.8) | 63.9 (15.8) | 65.3 (15.0) | 61.8 (15.5)* | 68.7 (14.1)* |
Vitality and spirit | 69.8 (17.1) | 69.7 (18.7) | 73.9 (16.7)* | 70.6 (18.4)* | 65.7 (18.9)* | 67.2 (18.2)* | 74.7 (18.1)* | |
Emotion | 78.7 (17.2) | 77.1 (17.7) | 74.5 (18.0) | 77.0 (18.3) | 79.3 (16.6) | 76.0 (18.6)* | 80.0 (15.6)* | |
Overall health | 71.8 (13.7) | 70.0 (14.5) | 70.2 (13.8) | 70.5 (15.0) | 70.1 (14.0) | 68.3 (14.6)* | 74.5 (13.5)* | |
SF-36 | PCS | 37.6 (13.4)* | 32.0 (14.8)* | 40.2 (13.0)* | 34.4 (13.4)* | 28.4 (15.8)* | 31.4 (14.5)* | 37.6 (14.1)* |
MCS | 57.7 (10.4)* | 55.1 (13.2)* | 51.3 (11.9) | 54.4 (12.7) | 59.7 (12.3) | 55.4 (13.0) | 55.8 (12.4) |
WM episodic patients (n = 524) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n
| 351 | 173 | 157 | 267 | 100 | 309 | 215 | |
Domains of ChQOL (HK version) | Physical form | 68.7 (13.3) | 67.6 (13.7) | 67.3 (12.8) | 68.6 (13.8) | 68.8 (13.6) | 65.6 (13.3) | 72.1 (12.8) |
Vitality and spirit | 69.2 (14.9)* | 64.9 (15.6)* | 71.7 (14.9)* | 68.1 (14.9)* | 61.22 (14.3)* | 66.6 (15.2) | 69.7 (15.0) | |
Emotion | 78.3 (15.2) | 76.6 (15.8) | 77.0 (15.2) | 77.8 (15.3) | 79.4 (15.3) | 75.9 (16.0) | 80.7 (13.5) | |
Overall health | 72.1 (12.1)* | 69.8 (12.5)* | 72.0 (12.1) | 71.5 (12.3) | 69.8 (11.8) | 69.4 (12.2) | 74.2 (11.6) | |
SF-36 | PCS | 44.1 (10.2)* | 41.5 (11.8)* | 44.6 (10.5)* | 42.9 (11.1)* | 41.5 (10.4)* | 42.0 (11.1)* | 44.9 (10.2)* |
MCS | 52.5 (10.5) | 51.5 (11.7) | 50.8 (10.6)* | 52.1 (10.8)* | 54.9 (10.9)* | 51.6 (11.4) | 53.2 (10.0) |
WM chronic patients (n = 205) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n
| 148 | 57 | 20 | 154 | 31 | 109 | 96 | |
Domains of ChQOL (HK version) | Physical form | 71.7 (12.6) | 68.2 (13.6) | 68.4 (13.4) | 71.2 (12.7) | 71.0 (14.0) | 67.8 (13.3) | 74.6(11.5) |
Vitality and spirit | 70.4 (14.8) | 67.4 (15.4) | 68.0 (14.4)* | 71.0 (14.0)* | 63.2 (18.5)* | 67.1 (15.1) | 72.5 (14.5) | |
Emotion | 80.9 (14.2) | 78.3 (16.9) | 76.3 (13.9) | 80.6 (14.5) | 80.3 (16.3) | 77.0 (16.4) | 84.1 (11.1) | |
Overall health | 74.3 (12.0) | 71.3 (13.6) | 70.9 (11.1) | 74.3 (12.1) | 71.5 (14.4) | 70.5 (13.1) | 77.1 (10.6) | |
SF-36 | PCS | 44.6 (11.8)* | 39.9 (12.7)* | 46.1 (15.7)* | 44.0 (11.7)* | 38.2 (11.8)* | 40.9 (12.3)* | 46.2 (11.5)* |
MCS | 56.0 (8.9) | 54.4 (9.4) | 51.4 (7.1)* | 55.2 (9.1)* | 59.0 (9.6)* | 54.2 (10.3) | 57.2 (7.4) |