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Quality of Life Research
Published in: Quality of Life Research 6/2016

24-11-2015

Quality of life across medical conditions and psychological factors: implications for population health management

Authors: Amy M. Williams, Pamela E. May, Shawn T. Mason, Chun Wang, Lidia Pomana

Published in: Quality of Life Research | Issue 6/2016

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Abstract

Purpose

To identify the contributions of medical conditions and psychological distress to well-being within a non-clinical sample, stratified by age. It was predicted that medical conditions and psychological distress would be negatively associated with well-being. It was also predicted that psychological distress and medical conditions would account for significant variance in well-being. It was further predicted that psychological distress would mediate the relationship between medical conditions and well-being across the life span.

Methods

1,424,307 employees/health plan members that completed an HRA. SEM was used to characterize relationships among medical conditions and psychological distress in predicting well-being (QoL, HRQoL, and impairments in ADLs) in five adult age groups.

Results

Medical conditions and psychological distress were negatively associated with well-being. As age increased, psychological distress was less associated with well-being. However, in those >75 years old, psychological distress had the largest association with well-being. All medical conditions, except cancer, were negatively associated with well-being. There were decreasing effects of medical conditions across the life span, with the exception of pulmonary disease which increased. Psychological distress mediated the relationship between medical conditions and well-being, with chronic pain having the greatest mediation across the life span.

Conclusions

The analysis revealed differences in the contribution of psychological distress and medical conditions to well-being by age group. Additionally, the contribution of psychological distress was equitable to that of medical conditions, thus highlighting the importance of addressing psychological distress in medical populations for well-being. Findings suggest the relevance of age in well-being and the need for further longitudinal investigation.
previous article Gender differences in the impact of mental disorders and chronic physical conditions on health-related quality of life among non-demented primary care elderly patients
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Metadata
Title
Quality of life across medical conditions and psychological factors: implications for population health management
Authors
Amy M. Williams
Pamela E. May
Shawn T. Mason
Chun Wang
Lidia Pomana
Publication date
24-11-2015
Publisher
Springer International Publishing
Published in
Quality of Life Research / Issue 6/2016
Print ISSN: 0962-9343
Electronic ISSN: 1573-2649
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-015-1183-4

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