Skip to main content
Top

2019 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

7. Rain Gardens as Stormwater Management Tool

Authors : Piyush Malaviya, Rozi Sharma, Pradeep Kumar Sharma

Published in: Sustainable Green Technologies for Environmental Management

Publisher: Springer Singapore

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

Stormwater runoff contributes significantly to urban flooding, groundwater pollution, reduction in water table, surface water quality impairment, etc. as it contains various pollutants that pose risks to life forms. Therefore, management practices must be implemented for mitigating stormwater pollution. Out of the several best management practices (BMPs), rain gardens (also known as bioretention systems (green infrastructures)) is one such practice that is being widely used these days to reduce non-point source pollution arising from urban areas. Physico-chemical and biological features of rain gardens positively helps in remediating contaminants, storing runoff water, reducing peak-flow, nutrient cycling, sequestring heavy metals and also provides supplementary benefits such as recreational facilities. In this chapter, information has been provided on stormwater pollution and use of rain gardens for stormwater treatment. The potential of rain gardens for stormwater treatment has also been critically examined by looking at the present research initiatives taken towards effective implementation of this Green Infrastructure (GI) technology.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literature
go back to reference Azah, E., Kim, H., & Townsend, T. (2015). Source of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in roadway and stormwater system maintenance residues. Environment and Earth Science, 74(4), 3029–3039.CrossRef Azah, E., Kim, H., & Townsend, T. (2015). Source of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in roadway and stormwater system maintenance residues. Environment and Earth Science, 74(4), 3029–3039.CrossRef
go back to reference Basdeki, A., Katsifarakis, L., & Katsifarakis, L. A. (2016). Rain gardens as an integral parts of urban sewage system- A case study in Thessaliniki, Greece. Procedia Engineering, 162, 426–432.CrossRef Basdeki, A., Katsifarakis, L., & Katsifarakis, L. A. (2016). Rain gardens as an integral parts of urban sewage system- A case study in Thessaliniki, Greece. Procedia Engineering, 162, 426–432.CrossRef
go back to reference Bjorklund, K., & Li, L. (2017). Removal of organic contaminants in bioretention medium amended with activated carbon from sewage sludge. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 24, 19167–19180.CrossRef Bjorklund, K., & Li, L. (2017). Removal of organic contaminants in bioretention medium amended with activated carbon from sewage sludge. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 24, 19167–19180.CrossRef
go back to reference Boivin, P., Saade, M., Pfeiffer, H. R., Hammecker, C., & Degoumois, Y. (2008). Depuration of highway runoff water into grass-covered embankments. Environmental Technology, 29, 709–720.CrossRef Boivin, P., Saade, M., Pfeiffer, H. R., Hammecker, C., & Degoumois, Y. (2008). Depuration of highway runoff water into grass-covered embankments. Environmental Technology, 29, 709–720.CrossRef
go back to reference Brown, R. A., & Hunt, W. F. (2011). Impacts of media depth on effluent water quality and hydrologic performance of undersized bioretention cells. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, 137(3), 132–143.CrossRef Brown, R. A., & Hunt, W. F. (2011). Impacts of media depth on effluent water quality and hydrologic performance of undersized bioretention cells. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, 137(3), 132–143.CrossRef
go back to reference Characklis, G. W., Dilts, M. J., Simmons, O. D., Likirdopulos, C. A., Krometis, L. A. H., & Sobsey, M. D. (2005). Microbial partitioning to settleable particles in stormwater. Water Research, 39, 1773–1782.CrossRef Characklis, G. W., Dilts, M. J., Simmons, O. D., Likirdopulos, C. A., Krometis, L. A. H., & Sobsey, M. D. (2005). Microbial partitioning to settleable particles in stormwater. Water Research, 39, 1773–1782.CrossRef
go back to reference Davis, A. P. (2007). Field performance of bioretention: Water quality. Environmental Engineering Science, 24(8), 1048–1064.CrossRef Davis, A. P. (2007). Field performance of bioretention: Water quality. Environmental Engineering Science, 24(8), 1048–1064.CrossRef
go back to reference Davis, A. P. (2008). Field performance of bioretention: Hydrology impacts. Journal of Hydrologic Engineering, 13(2), 90–95.CrossRef Davis, A. P. (2008). Field performance of bioretention: Hydrology impacts. Journal of Hydrologic Engineering, 13(2), 90–95.CrossRef
go back to reference Davis, A. P., Shokouhian, M., Sharma, H., & Minami, C. (2006). Water quality improvement through bioretention media: Nitrogen and phosphorus removal. Water Environment Research, 78(3), 284–293.CrossRef Davis, A. P., Shokouhian, M., Sharma, H., & Minami, C. (2006). Water quality improvement through bioretention media: Nitrogen and phosphorus removal. Water Environment Research, 78(3), 284–293.CrossRef
go back to reference Diblasi, C. J., Li, H., Davis, A. P., & Ghosh, U. (2009). Removal and fate of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pollutants in an urban stormwater bioretention facility. Environmental Science & Technology, 43(2), 494–502.CrossRef Diblasi, C. J., Li, H., Davis, A. P., & Ghosh, U. (2009). Removal and fate of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pollutants in an urban stormwater bioretention facility. Environmental Science & Technology, 43(2), 494–502.CrossRef
go back to reference Dietz, M. E. (2007). Low impact development practices: A review of current research and recommendations for future directions. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, 186(1–4), 351–363.CrossRef Dietz, M. E. (2007). Low impact development practices: A review of current research and recommendations for future directions. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, 186(1–4), 351–363.CrossRef
go back to reference Dietz, M. E., & Clausen, J. C. (2005). A field evaluation of rain garden flow and pollutant treatment. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, 167(1–4), 123–138.CrossRef Dietz, M. E., & Clausen, J. C. (2005). A field evaluation of rain garden flow and pollutant treatment. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, 167(1–4), 123–138.CrossRef
go back to reference Dietz, M. E., & Clausen, J. C. (2006). Saturation to improve pollutants retention in a rain garden. Environmental Science & Technology, 40(4), 1335–1340.CrossRef Dietz, M. E., & Clausen, J. C. (2006). Saturation to improve pollutants retention in a rain garden. Environmental Science & Technology, 40(4), 1335–1340.CrossRef
go back to reference Endreny, T., & Collins, V. (2009). Implications of bioretention basin spatial arrangements on stormwater recharge and groundwater mounding. Ecological Engineering, 35(5), 670–677.CrossRef Endreny, T., & Collins, V. (2009). Implications of bioretention basin spatial arrangements on stormwater recharge and groundwater mounding. Ecological Engineering, 35(5), 670–677.CrossRef
go back to reference Eriksson, E., Baun, A., Scholes, L., Ledin, A., Ahlman, S., Revitt, M., Noutsopoulos, C., & Mikkelsen, P. S. (2007). Selected stormwater priority pollutants: A European perspective. Science of the Total Environment, 383, 41–51.CrossRef Eriksson, E., Baun, A., Scholes, L., Ledin, A., Ahlman, S., Revitt, M., Noutsopoulos, C., & Mikkelsen, P. S. (2007). Selected stormwater priority pollutants: A European perspective. Science of the Total Environment, 383, 41–51.CrossRef
go back to reference Fu, B., Zhao, W., Chen, L., Liu, Z., & Lu, Y. (2005). Eco-hydrological effects of landscape pattern change. Landscape and Ecological Engineering, 1, 25–32.CrossRef Fu, B., Zhao, W., Chen, L., Liu, Z., & Lu, Y. (2005). Eco-hydrological effects of landscape pattern change. Landscape and Ecological Engineering, 1, 25–32.CrossRef
go back to reference Gallagher, M. T., Snodgrass, J. W., Ownby, D. R., Brand, A. B., Casey, R. E., & Lev, S. (2011). Watershed-scale analysis of pollutant distributions in stormwater management ponds. Urban Ecosystems, 14, 469–484.CrossRef Gallagher, M. T., Snodgrass, J. W., Ownby, D. R., Brand, A. B., Casey, R. E., & Lev, S. (2011). Watershed-scale analysis of pollutant distributions in stormwater management ponds. Urban Ecosystems, 14, 469–484.CrossRef
go back to reference Glass, C., & Bissouma, S. (2005). Evaluation of a parking lot bioretention cell for removal of stormwater pollutants. WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment, 81, 699–708. Glass, C., & Bissouma, S. (2005). Evaluation of a parking lot bioretention cell for removal of stormwater pollutants. WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment, 81, 699–708.
go back to reference Hatt, B. E., Fletcher, T. D., & Deletic, A. (2009). Hydrologic and pollutant removal performance of stormwater biofiltration systems at the field scale. Journal of Hydrology, 365(3), 310–321.CrossRef Hatt, B. E., Fletcher, T. D., & Deletic, A. (2009). Hydrologic and pollutant removal performance of stormwater biofiltration systems at the field scale. Journal of Hydrology, 365(3), 310–321.CrossRef
go back to reference Hostetler, M. (2009). Conserving biodiversity in subdivision development (pp. 71–80). Gainesville: University of Florida. Hostetler, M. (2009). Conserving biodiversity in subdivision development (pp. 71–80). Gainesville: University of Florida.
go back to reference Hsieh, C. H., Davis, A. P., & Needelman, B. A. (2007a). Nitrogen removal from urban stormwater runoff through layered bioretention columns. Water Environment Research, 79(12), 2404–2411.CrossRef Hsieh, C. H., Davis, A. P., & Needelman, B. A. (2007a). Nitrogen removal from urban stormwater runoff through layered bioretention columns. Water Environment Research, 79(12), 2404–2411.CrossRef
go back to reference Hsieh, C., Davis, A. P., & Needelman, B. A. (2007b). Bioretention column studies of phosphorus removal from urban stormwater runoff. Water Environment Research, 79(2), 177–184.CrossRef Hsieh, C., Davis, A. P., & Needelman, B. A. (2007b). Bioretention column studies of phosphorus removal from urban stormwater runoff. Water Environment Research, 79(2), 177–184.CrossRef
go back to reference Hunt, W. F., Smith, J. T., Jadlocki, S. J., Hathaway, J. M., & Eubanks, P. R. (2008). Pollutant removal and peak flow mitigation by a bioretention cell in Urban Charlotte, N.C. Journal of Environmental Engineering, 134(5), 403–408.CrossRef Hunt, W. F., Smith, J. T., Jadlocki, S. J., Hathaway, J. M., & Eubanks, P. R. (2008). Pollutant removal and peak flow mitigation by a bioretention cell in Urban Charlotte, N.C. Journal of Environmental Engineering, 134(5), 403–408.CrossRef
go back to reference Ishimatsu, K., Ito, K., Mitani, Y., Tanaka, Y., Sugahara, T., & Naka, Y. (2017). Use of rain gardens for stormwater management in urban design and planning. Landscape and Ecological Engineering, 13, 205–212.CrossRef Ishimatsu, K., Ito, K., Mitani, Y., Tanaka, Y., Sugahara, T., & Naka, Y. (2017). Use of rain gardens for stormwater management in urban design and planning. Landscape and Ecological Engineering, 13, 205–212.CrossRef
go back to reference Jenkins, J. K. G., Wadzuk, B. M., & Welker, A. L. (2010). Fines accumulation and distribution in a storm-water rain garden nine years post construction. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, 136(12), 862–869.CrossRef Jenkins, J. K. G., Wadzuk, B. M., & Welker, A. L. (2010). Fines accumulation and distribution in a storm-water rain garden nine years post construction. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, 136(12), 862–869.CrossRef
go back to reference Katsifarakis, K. L., Vafeiadis, M., & Theodossiou, N. (2015). Sustainable drainage and urban landscape upgrading using rain gardens. Site Selection in Thessaloniki, Greece. Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia, 4, 338–347.CrossRef Katsifarakis, K. L., Vafeiadis, M., & Theodossiou, N. (2015). Sustainable drainage and urban landscape upgrading using rain gardens. Site Selection in Thessaloniki, Greece. Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia, 4, 338–347.CrossRef
go back to reference Kim, H., Seagren, E. A., & Davis, A. P. (2003). Engineered bioretention for removal of nitrate from stormwater runoff. Water Environment Research, 75(4), 355–367.CrossRef Kim, H., Seagren, E. A., & Davis, A. P. (2003). Engineered bioretention for removal of nitrate from stormwater runoff. Water Environment Research, 75(4), 355–367.CrossRef
go back to reference Kluge, B., Markert, A., Facklam, M., Sommer, H., Kaiser, M., Pallasch, M., & Wessolek, G. (2018). Metal accumulation and hydraulic performance of bioretention systems after long-term operation. Journal of Soils and Sediments, 18, 431–441.CrossRef Kluge, B., Markert, A., Facklam, M., Sommer, H., Kaiser, M., Pallasch, M., & Wessolek, G. (2018). Metal accumulation and hydraulic performance of bioretention systems after long-term operation. Journal of Soils and Sediments, 18, 431–441.CrossRef
go back to reference Li, H., & Davis, A. P. (2008). Heavy metal capture and accumulation in bioretention media. Environmental Science & Technology, 42(14), 5247–5253.CrossRef Li, H., & Davis, A. P. (2008). Heavy metal capture and accumulation in bioretention media. Environmental Science & Technology, 42(14), 5247–5253.CrossRef
go back to reference Li, L., & Davis, A. P. (2014). Urban stormwater runoff Nitrogen composition and fate in bioretention systems. Environmental Science & Technology, 48(6), 3403–3410.CrossRef Li, L., & Davis, A. P. (2014). Urban stormwater runoff Nitrogen composition and fate in bioretention systems. Environmental Science & Technology, 48(6), 3403–3410.CrossRef
go back to reference Malaviya, P., & Singh, A. (2012). Constructed wetlands for management of urban stormwater runoff. Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 42, 2153–2214.CrossRef Malaviya, P., & Singh, A. (2012). Constructed wetlands for management of urban stormwater runoff. Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 42, 2153–2214.CrossRef
go back to reference Muthanna, T. M., Viklander, M., Gjesdahl, N., & Thorolfsson, S. T. (2007a). Heavy metal removal in cold climate bioretention. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, 183(1–4), 391–402.CrossRef Muthanna, T. M., Viklander, M., Gjesdahl, N., & Thorolfsson, S. T. (2007a). Heavy metal removal in cold climate bioretention. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, 183(1–4), 391–402.CrossRef
go back to reference Muthanna, T. M., Viklander, M., Blecken, G., & Thorolfsson, S. T. (2007b). Snowmelt pollutant removal in bioretention areas. Water Research, 41(18), 4061–4072.CrossRef Muthanna, T. M., Viklander, M., Blecken, G., & Thorolfsson, S. T. (2007b). Snowmelt pollutant removal in bioretention areas. Water Research, 41(18), 4061–4072.CrossRef
go back to reference Ning-Yuan, T., & Tian, L. (2016). Nitrogen removal by three types of bioretention columns under wetting and drying regimes. Journal of Central South University, 23, 324–332.CrossRef Ning-Yuan, T., & Tian, L. (2016). Nitrogen removal by three types of bioretention columns under wetting and drying regimes. Journal of Central South University, 23, 324–332.CrossRef
go back to reference NRC National Research Council. (2008). Urban stormwater management in the United States. Washington, DC: National Academy Press. NRC National Research Council. (2008). Urban stormwater management in the United States. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
go back to reference Oliveri, V. P., Kruse, C. W., Kawata, K., & Smith, J. E. (1977). Microorganisms in urban stormwater. USEPA Report no EPA-600/2-77-087. Oliveri, V. P., Kruse, C. W., Kawata, K., & Smith, J. E. (1977). Microorganisms in urban stormwater. USEPA Report no EPA-600/2-77-087.
go back to reference Piguet, P., Parriaux, A., & Bensimon, M. (2008). The diffuse infiltration of road runoff: An environmental improvement. Science of the Total Environment, 397, 13–23.CrossRef Piguet, P., Parriaux, A., & Bensimon, M. (2008). The diffuse infiltration of road runoff: An environmental improvement. Science of the Total Environment, 397, 13–23.CrossRef
go back to reference Prince George’s County. (1993). Design manual for use of bioretention in stormwater management, Prince George’s County (MD) Government, department of environmental protection. Watershed Protection Branch, Landover, MD. Prince George’s County. (1993). Design manual for use of bioretention in stormwater management, Prince George’s County (MD) Government, department of environmental protection. Watershed Protection Branch, Landover, MD.
go back to reference Reddy, K. R., Xie, T., & Dastgheibi, S. (2014). Removal of heavy metals from urban stormwater runoff using different filter materials. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 2(1), 282–292.CrossRef Reddy, K. R., Xie, T., & Dastgheibi, S. (2014). Removal of heavy metals from urban stormwater runoff using different filter materials. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 2(1), 282–292.CrossRef
go back to reference Roy-Poirier, A. (2009). Bioretention for phosphorus removal: Modelling stormwater quality improvements. Master of Science in Engineering thesis, Department of Civil Engineering, Queen’s University, Ontario, Canada 272 p. Roy-Poirier, A. (2009). Bioretention for phosphorus removal: Modelling stormwater quality improvements. Master of Science in Engineering thesis, Department of Civil Engineering, Queen’s University, Ontario, Canada 272 p.
go back to reference Rusciano, G. M., & Obropta, C. C. (2007). Bioretention column study: Fecal coliform and total suspended solids reductions. Transactions of the ASABE, 50(4), 1261–1269.CrossRef Rusciano, G. M., & Obropta, C. C. (2007). Bioretention column study: Fecal coliform and total suspended solids reductions. Transactions of the ASABE, 50(4), 1261–1269.CrossRef
go back to reference Siriwardene, N. R., Deletic, A., & Fletcher, T. D. (2007). Clogging of stormwater gravel infiltration systems and filters: Insights from a laboratory study. Water Research, 41(7), 1433–1440.CrossRef Siriwardene, N. R., Deletic, A., & Fletcher, T. D. (2007). Clogging of stormwater gravel infiltration systems and filters: Insights from a laboratory study. Water Research, 41(7), 1433–1440.CrossRef
go back to reference Steuer, J., Selbig, H. W. N., & Prey, J. (1997). Sources of contamination in an urban basin in Marquette, Michigan and an analysis of concentrations, loads, and data quality. WRI Report 97-4242. Middleton: U.S. Geological Survey. Steuer, J., Selbig, H. W. N., & Prey, J. (1997). Sources of contamination in an urban basin in Marquette, Michigan and an analysis of concentrations, loads, and data quality. WRI Report 97-4242. Middleton: U.S. Geological Survey.
go back to reference Sweets, P. R. (2013). Assessing the hydrology of indianapolis rain gardens. In Proceedings of the National Conference on Undergraduate Research (NCUR) at University of Wisconsin La Crosse, WI. Sweets, P. R. (2013). Assessing the hydrology of indianapolis rain gardens. In Proceedings of the National Conference on Undergraduate Research (NCUR) at University of Wisconsin La Crosse, WI.
go back to reference Taebi, A., & Droste, R. (2004). Pollution loads in urban runoff and sanitary wastewater. Science of the Total Environment, 327, 175–184.CrossRef Taebi, A., & Droste, R. (2004). Pollution loads in urban runoff and sanitary wastewater. Science of the Total Environment, 327, 175–184.CrossRef
go back to reference U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. (1995a). National water quality inventory: 1994 report to congress. EPA/841/R-95/005. Washington, DC: U.S. EPA. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. (1995a). National water quality inventory: 1994 report to congress. EPA/841/R-95/005. Washington, DC: U.S. EPA.
go back to reference U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). (1995b). Urban runoff: Nonpoint source news-notes. Washington, DC: U.S. EPA. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). (1995b). Urban runoff: Nonpoint source news-notes. Washington, DC: U.S. EPA.
go back to reference U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. (2002). National management measures to control nonpoint source pollution from urban areas-draft. EPA 8421-B-02–003. Washington, DC: U.S. Office of Water. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. (2002). National management measures to control nonpoint source pollution from urban areas-draft. EPA 8421-B-02–003. Washington, DC: U.S. Office of Water.
go back to reference United States Environmental Protection Agency. (2000). Low Impact Development (LID), a literature review. EPA-841-B-00-005, Office of Water, Washington, DC, 20460. United States Environmental Protection Agency. (2000). Low Impact Development (LID), a literature review. EPA-841-B-00-005, Office of Water, Washington, DC, 20460.
go back to reference Van-Meter, R. J., Swan, C. M., & Snodgrass, J. W. (2011). Salinisation alters ecosystem structure in urban stormwater detention ponds. Urban Ecosystems, 14, 723–736.CrossRef Van-Meter, R. J., Swan, C. M., & Snodgrass, J. W. (2011). Salinisation alters ecosystem structure in urban stormwater detention ponds. Urban Ecosystems, 14, 723–736.CrossRef
go back to reference Willard, L. L. (2014). Does it pay to be mature? Assessing the performance of a bioretention cell seven years post-construction. Master of Science in Biological Systems Engineering thesis, Faculty of Virginia Polytechnic Institute, USA 127 p. Willard, L. L. (2014). Does it pay to be mature? Assessing the performance of a bioretention cell seven years post-construction. Master of Science in Biological Systems Engineering thesis, Faculty of Virginia Polytechnic Institute, USA 127 p.
go back to reference Zhang, S., & Guo, Y. (2014). Stormwater capture efficiency of bioretention systems. Water Resources Management, 28, 149–168.CrossRef Zhang, S., & Guo, Y. (2014). Stormwater capture efficiency of bioretention systems. Water Resources Management, 28, 149–168.CrossRef
go back to reference Zhang, W., Brown, G. O., Storm, D. E., & Zhang, H. (2008). Fly-ash-amended sand as filter media in bioretention cells to improve phosphorus removal. Water Environment Research, 80(6), 507–516.CrossRef Zhang, W., Brown, G. O., Storm, D. E., & Zhang, H. (2008). Fly-ash-amended sand as filter media in bioretention cells to improve phosphorus removal. Water Environment Research, 80(6), 507–516.CrossRef
Metadata
Title
Rain Gardens as Stormwater Management Tool
Authors
Piyush Malaviya
Rozi Sharma
Pradeep Kumar Sharma
Copyright Year
2019
Publisher
Springer Singapore
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2772-8_7