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2014 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

Relativistic Positioning Systems in Flat Space-Time: The Location Problem

Authors : Bartolomé Coll, Joan Josep Ferrando, Juan Antonio Morales-Lladosa

Published in: Progress in Mathematical Relativity, Gravitation and Cosmology

Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg

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Abstract

The location problem in relativistic positioning is considered in flat space-time. When two formal solutions are possible for a user (receiver) of the system, its true location may be obtained from a standard set of emission data extended with an observational rule. The covariant expression giving the location of the user in inertial coordinates is decomposed with respect to an inertial observer.

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Footnotes
1
We use the following notation: (−, +, +, +) is the signature of the Minkowski metric g; i() denotes the interior product (if x is a vector and T a covariant 2-tensor, \([i(x)T]_{\nu } = {x}^{\mu }T_{\mu \nu }\)); ∧ stands for the exterior product; the asterisk ∗ denotes the Hodge dual operator associated to the metric volume element η, \(\eta _{\alpha \beta \gamma \delta } = -\sqrt{-\mathit{det } \,g}\,\epsilon _{\alpha \beta \gamma \delta }\), where \(\epsilon _{\alpha \beta \gamma \delta }\) is Levi–Civita permutation symbol, ε 0123 = 1. For a given inertial observer of unit velocity u, u 2 = −1, any vector x splits as \(x = {x}^{0}u +\vec{ x}\) where x 0 = −x ⋅ u and \(\vec{x} \in E_{\perp }\) with E  ⊥  the three-space of u. For vectors \(\vec{x}\), \(\vec{y} \in E_{\perp }\), the vector product is given by \(\vec{x} \times \vec{ y} = {\ast}(u \wedge \vec{ x} \wedge \vec{ y})\) and \((\vec{x},\vec{y},\vec{z}) \equiv (\vec{x} \times \vec{ y}) \cdot \vec{ z}\) (with \(\vec{z} \in E_{\perp }\)) is the scalar triple product.
 
2
It seems that Abel and Chaffee [1, 2] were the first authors in considering the location problem in connection with Global Positioning System (GPS) by using Lorentzian algebra.
 
3
The region \({\mathcal{C}}^{C} \equiv \{ x \in \mathcal{C}\,{\vert \,\chi }^{2} \leq 0\}\) is called the central region of the RPS. The orientation \(\hat{\epsilon }\) is constant on \({\mathcal{C}}^{C}\), and may be evaluated from the sole standard data set E. The bifurcation problem always appears in the time-like configuration region \(\mathcal{C}_{t} \equiv \{ x \in \mathcal{C}\,{\vert \,\chi }^{2} > 0\} = \mathcal{C}-{\mathcal{C}}^{C}\).
 
Literature
1.
go back to reference Abel, J. S., Chaffee, J. W.: IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst. 27, 952 (1991)CrossRef Abel, J. S., Chaffee, J. W.: IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst. 27, 952 (1991)CrossRef
2.
go back to reference Chaffee, J. W., Abel, J. S.: IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst. 30, 1021 (1994)CrossRef Chaffee, J. W., Abel, J. S.: IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst. 30, 1021 (1994)CrossRef
3.
go back to reference Coll, B., Pozo, J. M.: Constuction in 4D: Algebraic properties and special observers. Lecture delivered at the School on Relativistic Coordinates, Reference and Positioning Systems, (Salamanca 2005). See also arXiv: gr-qc/0601125 Coll, B., Pozo, J. M.: Constuction in 4D: Algebraic properties and special observers. Lecture delivered at the School on Relativistic Coordinates, Reference and Positioning Systems, (Salamanca 2005). See also arXiv: gr-qc/0601125
5.
go back to reference Coll, B., Ferrando, J. J., Morales-Lladosa, J. A.: Phys. Rev. D 86, 084036 (2012)CrossRef Coll, B., Ferrando, J. J., Morales-Lladosa, J. A.: Phys. Rev. D 86, 084036 (2012)CrossRef
6.
go back to reference Puchades, N., Sáez, D.: Astrophys. Space. Sci. 341, 631 (2012). See also arXiv:11126054 Puchades, N., Sáez, D.: Astrophys. Space. Sci. 341, 631 (2012). See also arXiv:11126054
7.
go back to reference Sáez, D., Puchades, N.: Locating objects away from Earth surface: positioning accuracy. In these proceedings. Sáez, D., Puchades, N.: Locating objects away from Earth surface: positioning accuracy. In these proceedings.
Metadata
Title
Relativistic Positioning Systems in Flat Space-Time: The Location Problem
Authors
Bartolomé Coll
Joan Josep Ferrando
Juan Antonio Morales-Lladosa
Copyright Year
2014
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40157-2_24

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