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2017 | Book

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Research Challenges in Modeling and Simulation for Engineering Complex Systems

Editors: Prof. Richard Fujimoto, Dr. Conrad Bock, Prof. Wei Chen, Dr. Ernest Page, Prof. Jitesh H. Panchal

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

Book Series : Simulation Foundations, Methods and Applications

Part of: Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" , Springer Professional "Technik" , Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

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About this book

This illuminating text/reference presents a review of the key aspects of the modeling and simulation (M&S) life cycle, and examines the challenges of M&S in different application areas. The authoritative work offers valuable perspectives on the future of research in M&S, and its role in engineering complex systems.

Topics and features: reviews the challenges of M&S for urban infrastructure, healthcare delivery, automated vehicle manufacturing, deep space missions, and acquisitions enterprise; outlines research issues relating to conceptual modeling, covering the development of explicit and unambiguous models, communication and decision-making, and architecture and services; considers key computational challenges in the execution of simulation models, in order to best exploit emerging computing platforms and technologies; examines efforts to understand and manage uncertainty inherent in M&S processes, and how these can be unified under a consistent theoretical and philosophical foundation; discusses the reuse of models and simulations to accelerate the simulation model development process.

This thought-provoking volume offers important insights for all researchers involved in modeling and simulation across the full spectrum of disciplines and applications, defining a common research agenda to support the entire M&S research community.

Table of Contents

Frontmatter
Chapter 1. Introduction
Abstract
Computer-based models and simulations have been in use as long as there have been digital computers. The value of M&S technologies throughout history is without question. However, the development and use of reliable computer models and simulations is today time consuming, expensive, and can sometimes produce unreliable results. These issues become even more critical as engineered systems increase in complexity and scale and must be deployed in uncertain environments. Advances in M&S technologies now are essential to enable the creation of more effective, robust, and less costly engineered complex systems that are critical to modern societies. This first chapter begins by examining why advances in M&S are particularly important now. Key terminology is defined. It then frames the discussions covered in the remaining chapters by characterizing the role of each within the life cycle for a modeling and simulation study.
Richard Fujimoto, Margaret Loper
Chapter 2. Applications
Abstract
This chapter reviews five important application areas to understand the nature of the problems addressed rather than focusing on the approaches to modeling and simulation employed in these instances. The five areas cover modeling and simulation challenges in urban infrastructure, health care delivery, automated vehicle manufacturing, deep space missions, and the defense acquisitions enterprise. Contrasting these domains of application leads to consideration of the crosscutting challenges associated with these examples. This chapter concludes with a discussion of specific modeling and simulation challenges emerging from this comparison.
William Rouse, Philomena Zimmerman
Chapter 3. Conceptual Modeling
Abstract
Understanding and developing complex systems requires collaboration between individuals with widely varying expertise. Communication between these individuals is facilitated by conceptual models. Conceptual models are early stage artifacts that integrate and provide requirements for many kinds of specialized models. They are living documents that grow from informal descriptions to formal specifications, used to detect omissions, inconsistencies, and ambiguities inherent in informal models, as well as guide development of computational models. Conceptual models describe what is to be represented, the assumptions limiting those representations, and other capabilities needed to satisfy modeler requirements. Advances in conceptual modeling are essential for effective collaboration and cost-effective, error-free translation of models to suitable computer representations. Developing an engineering discipline of conceptual modeling will require much better understanding of (1) how to make conceptual models explicit and unambiguous, for both the target system and the target analysis, (2) processes for conceptual modeling, including communication and decision-making involving multiple stakeholders, (3) architectures and services for building conceptual models. This chapter outlines research issues for these three topics in conceptual modeling.
Conrad Bock, Fatma Dandashi, Sanford Friedenthal, Nathalie Harrison, Steven Jenkins, Leon McGinnis, Janos Sztipanovits, Adelinde Uhrmacher, Eric Weisel, Lin Zhang
Chapter 4. Computational Challenges in Modeling and Simulation
Abstract
Computing and communication technologies have advanced rapidly in the last decade. M&S has not yet fully realized the potential and opportunities afforded by technologies such as mobile and ubiquitous computing, big data, the Internet of Things, cloud computing, and modern supercomputer architectures. This has kept M&S from achieving its fullest potential in modeling complex systems, or being widely deployed in new contexts such as online management of operational systems. Research advances are needed to enable M&S technologies to address issues such as the complexity and scale of the systems that need to be modeled today. This chapter outlines key computational challenges associated with maximally exploiting emerging computing platforms ranging from handheld mobile computers to massively parallel supercomputers, use of models and simulations in interacting with the real world, challenges associated with managing a “plethora of models” that exists today, and synergies between M&S and “big data.”
Christopher Carothers, Alois Ferscha, Richard Fujimoto, David Jefferson, Margaret Loper, Madhav Marathe, Pieter Mosterman, Simon J.E Taylor, Hamid Vakilzadian
Chapter 5. Uncertainty in Modeling and Simulation
Abstract
Models and simulations are necessarily approximate representations of real-world systems. There are always uncertainties inherent in the data used to create a model, as well as the behaviors and processes defined within the model itself. It is critical to understand and manage these uncertainties in any decision-making process involving the use of M&S. New approaches are required to gain better fundamental understanding of uncertainty and to realize practical methods to manage them. This chapter highlights key challenges such as unifying uncertainty-related efforts in M&S under a consistent theoretical and philosophical foundation, developing advances in theory and methods both for decision making in the M&S process and for M&S to support decision making, advances to understand and address aggregation issues in M&S, and increased use of knowledge concerning humans as decision makers in M&S activities.
Wei Chen, George Kesidis, Tina Morrison, J. Tinsley Oden, Jitesh H. Panchal, Christiaan Paredis, Michael Pennock, Sez Atamturktur, Gabriel Terejanu, Michael Yukish
Chapter 6. Model Reuse, Composition, and Adaptation
Abstract
It is often the case that models and simulations of subsystems such as the components making up a vehicle are created in isolation and must later be integrated with other models to create a model of the overall system. However, the reuse of existing models and simulations can be costly and time-consuming, and can yield uncertain results. Advances are needed to enable cost-effective reuse of models and simulations and to ensure that integrated models produce reliable results. Key findings discussed in this chapter include the need for advances in the theory of reuse to provide a firm theoretical foundation for producing robust and reliable reuse practices, the need for guides documenting best practices on reuse, and the need for research advances on the social, behavioral, and cultural aspects of reuse in addition to technical issues.
Osman Balci, George L. Ball, Katherine L. Morse, Ernest Page, Mikel D. Petty, Andreas Tolk, Sandra N. Veautour
Erratum to: Computational Challenges in Modeling and Simulation
Christopher Carothers, Alois Ferscha, Richard Fujimoto, David Jefferson, Margaret Loper, Madhav Marathe, Pieter Mosterman, Simon J.E Taylor, Hamid Vakilzadian
Erratum to: Conceptual Modeling
Conrad Bock, Fatma Dandashi, Sanford Friedenthal, Nathalie Harrison, Steven Jenkins, Leon McGinnis, Janos Sztipanovits, Adelinde Uhrmacher, Eric Weisel, Lin Zhang
Backmatter
Metadata
Title
Research Challenges in Modeling and Simulation for Engineering Complex Systems
Editors
Prof. Richard Fujimoto
Dr. Conrad Bock
Prof. Wei Chen
Dr. Ernest Page
Prof. Jitesh H. Panchal
Copyright Year
2017
Electronic ISBN
978-3-319-58544-4
Print ISBN
978-3-319-58543-7
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58544-4

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