Layer | Substrate | Particle size (mm) | Depth (mm) |
---|---|---|---|
Filter media | Mixture of 50 % ASM and 50 % medium to coarse sand | Varied | 600 |
Transition layer | Coarse sand | 0.7–1.0 | 100 |
Drainage layer | Fine gravel | 1.0–5.0 | 200 |
Acalypha wilkesiana
cultivar
Family name: Euphorbiaceae Common names: Copperleaf, Joseph’s Coat Plant growth form: Shrub Maximum height: 3.6 m Maximum plant spread/crown width: 3 m Origin: South Pacific Islands Landscape uses: Hedge; border; mass planting; container or aboveground planter; screen; Accent Desirable plant features: Ornamental foliage Light preference: Full sun Water preference: Moderate Water Percentage of Nitrate Removal: 79 % | |
Arundo donax
var. versicolor
Family name: Poaceae (Gramineae) Common names: Carrizo, Variegated Giant Reed, Spanish Reed Plant growth form: Shrub, Grass and Grass-like Plant Maximum height: 6.1 m Origin: Asia Landscape uses: Architectural accent/Screen Desirable plant features: Ornamental Foliage Light preference: Full Sun Water preference: Moderate Water Percentage of Nitrate Removal: 96 % | |
Bougainvillea
‘Sakura Variegata’
Family name: Nyctaginaceae Common names: Bougainvillea Plant growth form: Scandent shrub Origin : South America Landscape uses: Shrubs, Bushes, Groundcover, Trellis, Accent Desirable plant features: Ornamental Flowers Light preference: Full Sun Water preference: Little Water Percentage of Nitrate Removal: 96 % | |
Bulbine frutescens (L.) Willd.
‘Hallmark’
Family name: Asphodelaceae Common names: Orange Bulbine, Orange-stalked Bulbine Plant growth form: Shrub (Herbaceous; Creeper) Maximum height: 0.3–0.6 m Origin: Southern Africa Landscape uses: Flowerbed/Border Desirable plant features: Ornamental Flowers Light preference: Full Sun Water preference: Little Water Percentage of Nitrate Removal: 68 % | |
Chrysopogon zizanioides (L.) Roberty
Family name: Poaceae (Gramineae) Common names: Vetiver Grass Plant growth form: Shrub, Grass and Grass-like Plant Maximum height: 1.5 m Origin: Tropical India Landscape uses: Hedge, Screening, Accent Plant, Borders Desirable plant features: Strong, deep roots for soil stabilisation Light preference: Full Sun Water preference: Moderate Water Percentage of Nitrate Removal: 93 % | |
Codiaeum variegatum (L.) Rumph. ex A.Juss. Synonyms: Croton pictus, Croton variegatus, Codiaeum variegatum var. pictum
Family name: Euphorbiaceae Common names: Croton, Garden Croton, Puding, Joseph’s Coat, Variegated Croton, Variegated Laurel, Joseph’s Coat, Puding, Codiaeum Plant growth form: Shrub Maximum height: 3 m Origin: South India, Ceylon and Malaya Landscape uses: Indoor, General Desirable plant features: Ornamental Foliage Light preference: Full Sun Water preference: Moderate Water Percentage of Nitrate Removal: 67 % | |
Complaya trilobata
Family name: Asteraceae (Compositae) Synonyms: Wedelia trilobata, Wedelia carnosa, Silphium trilobatum, Thelechitonia
trilobata, Sphagneticola trilobata (L.) Pruski Common names: Yellow Creeping Daisy, Singapore Daisy, Creeping Oxeye, Trailing Daisy, Rabbit’s Paw Plant growth form: Shrub Maximum height: 0.15–0.70 m Maximum plant spread/crown width: 2 m Origin: Central America, South America Desirable plant features: Ornamental flowers, ornamental foliage Landscape uses: General, coastal, flowerbed/border, container planting Light preference: Full sun, semi-shade Water preference: Moderate water Percentage of Nitrate Removal: 95 % | |
Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf
Synonyms: Andropogon citriodorum, Andropogon citratus
Family name: Poaceae (Gramineae) Common names: Serai, Lemon Grass, West Indian Lemon Grass, Oil Grass, Fever Grass, Serai Makan, Sereh Makan Plant growth form: Shrub, Grass and Grass-like Plant Maximum height: 1.2–1.8 m Maximum plant spread/crown width: 1.2 m Origin: Southeast Asia Landscape uses: General, Flowerbed/Border, Container Planting Desirable plant features: Ornamental Foliage, Fragrant (Flowers: Time Independent; Foliage) Light preference: Full Sun Water preference: Moderate Water Percentage of Nitrate Removal: 95 % | |
Dracaenaceae reflexa ‘Song of India’
Family name: Dracaenaceae Synonyms: Pleomele reflexa ‘Variegata’ Common names: Song of India Plant growth form: Shrub Origin: South India, Ceylon Desirable plant features: Ornamental Foliage Landscape uses: General Light preference: Full Sun, Semi-Shade Water preference: Moderate Water Percentage of Nitrate Removal: 64 % | |
Ficus microcarpa ‘Golden’
Synonyms: Ficus nitida ‘Golden’ Family name: Moraceae Common names: Indian Laurel Fig Plant growth form: Tree Maximum height: 10 m Origin: India, Malaysia Landscape uses: House plantings, Hedge, Roadside Plantings, Bonsai Desirable plant features: Ornamental Foliage Light preference: Full Sun Water preference: Moderate Water Percentage of Nitrate Removal: 68 % | |
Galphimia glauca Cav.
Synonyms: Thryallis glauca Family name: Malpighiaceae Common names: Shower of Gold, Rain of Gold Plant growth form: Shrub (Woody) Maximum height: 1.0 m Origin: Mexico to Guatemala Landscape uses: Hedge/Screening, Groundcover, Container planting Desirable plant features: Ornamental Flowers Light preference: Full Sun Water preference: Little Water Percentage of Nitrate Removal: 65 % | |
Ipomoea pes-caprae
Family name: Convolvulaceae Synonyms: Ipomoea pes-caprae ssp. Brasiliensis, Ipomoea biloba Common names: Beach Morning Glory, Railroad Vine, Sea Morning Glory, Tapak Kuda, Goat’s Foot Plant growth form: Groundcover Origin: Native to Singapore Desirable plant features: Ornamental flowers, ornamental foliage Landscape uses: Coastal Light preference: Full sun Water preference: Lots of water Flower Colour(s): Purple Percentage of Nitrate Removal: 95 % | |
Leucophyllum frutescens (Berland.) I.M. Johnst.
Family name: Scrophulariaceae Common names: Barometer Bush, Ash Plant, Cenizo, Texas Ranger, Texas Silver Leaf, Purple Sage Plant growth form: Shrub (Woody) Maximum height: 1.2–2.4 m Maximum plant spread/crown width: 1.5 m Origin: Rio Grande Valley (Texas, New Mexico), northern Mexico Landscape uses: General, Coastal, Hedge/Screening, Flowerbed/Border, Container Planting Desirable plant features: Ornamental Flowers, Ornamental Foliage, Ornamental Stems, Fragrant (Flowers: Day; [Remarks]: Peppery/spicy scent, reminiscent of carnations) Light preference: Full Sun Water preference: Little Water Percentage of Nitrate Removal: 87 % | |
Loropetalum chinense (R. Br.) Oliv. Family name: Hamamelidaceae Common names: Chinese Loropetalum Plant growth form: Shrub Maximum height: 1.5 m Origin: China Landscape uses: Hedge, Garden Plant Desirable plant features: Ornamental Flowers, Ornamental Foliage Light preference: Full Sun Water preference: Moderate Water Percentage of Nitrate Removal: 71 % | |
Melastoma malabathricum L. Family name: Melastomataceae Common names: Common Sendudok, Singapore Rhododendron, Indian Rhododendron, Sesenduk, Malabar Gooseberry, Straits Rhododendron, Sendudok, Senduduk Plant growth form: Shrub (Herbaceous) Maximum height: 1–3 m Origin: Mauritius, Seychelles, Taiwan, Indian subcontinent, Indo-China, Malesia, Australia Landscape uses: Invasive/Potentially Invasive, [Remarks] (Considered weedy. May form thick thickets) Desirable plant features: Ornamental Flowers Light preference: Full Sun, Semi-Shade Water preference: Moderate Water Percentage of Nitrate Removal: 68 % | |
Nerium oleander ‘Pink’
Family name: Apocynaceae Common names: Oleander Plant growth form: Shrub Maximum height: 6–7 m Origin: Unknown, probably South-west Asia Landscape uses: Interiorscape/ Indoor Plant, Hedges, Borders Desirable plant features: Ornamental Flowers, Fragrant Light preference: Full Sun Water preference: Moderate Water Percentage of Nitrate Removal: 88 % | |
Ophiopogon jaburan
Family name: Convallariaceae Common names: Lilyturf, Mondo-grass Plant growth form: Groundcover Origin: Japan Landscape uses: Ornamental plants in gardening, houseplants Desirable plant features: Ornamental foliage Light preference: Full sun, semi-shade Water preference: Moderate water Percentage of Nitrate Removal: 77 % | |
Osmoxylon lineare (Merr.) Philipson
Synonyms: Boerlagiodendron lineare Family name: Araliaceae Common names: Green Aralia, Miagos Bush Plant growth form: Shrub (Herbaceous) Maximum height: 3 m Origin: South-east Asia Landscape uses: This species is used in Japanese-style gardens for its fine leaf texture Desirable plant features: Ornamental Foliage Light preference: Full Sun Water preference: Moderate Water Percentage of Nitrate Removal: 66 % | |
Pennisetum alopecuroides (L.) Spreng.
Synonyms: Panicum alopecuroides, Alopecurus hordeiformis, Pennisetum hordeiforme, Pennisetum compressum, Pennisetum japonicum Family name: Poaceae (Gramineae) Common names: Chinese Fountain Grass, Swamp Foxtail Grass, Swamp Foxtail, Chinese Pennisetum Plant growth form: Shrub (Herbaceous), Grass and Grass-like Plant Maximum height: 0.6–1.5 m Maximum plant spread/crown width: 0.5–0.6 m Origin: India, China, Japan, Myanmar, Philippines, Indonesia, Australia Landscape uses: General, Coastal, Flowerbed/Border, Container Planting Desirable plant features: Ornamental Flowers Light preference: Full Sun Water preference: Lots of Water, Moderate Water Percentage of Nitrate Removal: 93 % | |
Pennisetum x advena ‘Rubrum’ Synonyms: Pennisetum setaceum ‘Cupreum’, Pennisetum setaceum ‘Rubrum’ Family name: Poaceae (Gramineae) Common names: Purple Fountain Grass, Red Fountain Grass, Rose Fountain Grass Plant growth form: Shrub (Herbaceous; Creeper) Maximum height: 1.2–1.5 m Maximum plant spread/crown width: 0.5–1.2 m Origin: Central Africa Landscape uses: General, Coastal, Green Roof, Vertical Greenery/Green Wall, Flowerbed/Border, Focal Plant, Container Planting Desirable plant features: Ornamental Flowers, Ornamental Foliage Light preference: Full Sun Water preference: Moderate Water Percentage of Nitrate Removal: 70 % | |
Phyllanthus myrtifolius Müll.Arg.
Family name: Euphorbiaceae Common names: Ceylon Myrtle, Mousetail Plant Plant growth form: Shrub Maximum height: 0.5 m Origin: India, Sri Lanka Landscape uses: Flowerbed/Border, Bonsai Desirable plant features: Ornamental Foliage Light preference: Full Sun Water preference: Moderate Water Percentage of Nitrate Removal: 55 % | |
Sanchezia oblonga Ruiz & Pav. Synonyms: Sanchezia speciosa, Sanchezia nobilis Family name: Acanthaceae Common names: Zebra Plant, Yellow Sanchezia, Shrubby Whitevein, Gold Vein Plant Plant growth form: Shrub (Herbaceous) Maximum height: 1–3 m Origin: Eucador, Northeastern Peru Landscape uses: Hedge/Screening, Flowerbed/Border, Interiorscape/ Indoor Plant, Container Planting Desirable plant features: Ornamental Flowers, Ornamental Foliage Light preference: Full Sun, Semi-Shade Water preference: Moderate Water Percentage of Nitrate Removal: 87 % | |
Serissa japonica (Thunb.) Thunb.
Synonyms: Serissa foetida Family name: Rubiaceae Common names: Japanese Serissa, Snowrose, Tree of a Thousand Stars, Japanese Boxthorn Plant growth form: Shrub (Woody) Maximum height: 0.45–0.60 m Origin: India, China, Japan Landscape uses: General, Coastal, Container Planting, Bonsai Desirable plant features: Ornamental Flowers, Ornamental Foliage, Ornamental Stems, Fragrant (Flowers: Time Independent; Foliage; Stems) Light preference: Full Sun, Semi-Shade Water preference: Moderate Water Percentage of Nitrate Removal: 71 % | |
Scaevola taccada (Gaertn.) Roxb. Synonyms: Scaevola sericea, Lobelia taccada, Scaevola frutescens Family name: Goodeniaceae Common names: Ambung-ambung, Merambung, Pelampung, Sea Lettuce, Sea Lettuce Tree Plant growth form: Tree, Shrub (Herbaceous; Creeper) Maximum height: 10 m Origin: S.E.A. to tropical Australia, Micronesia, Melanesia, Hawaii and Madagascar Landscape uses: Coastal Desirable plant features: Ornamental Foliage Light preference: Full Sun Water preference: Moderate Water Percentage of Nitrate Removal: 88 % |