Socio-economic Systems: Paradigms for the Future

Digital technologies determine the dynamics of social and economic development of modern states. The emergence of blockchain technologies has created conditions, on the one hand, for the optimization of business processes in various sectors of the national economy, and, on the other hand, for the emergence of new threats to security, primarily information and economic properties, which can call into question the well-being of society and the sustainability of the state. The purpose of the study: to analyze the content characteristics of the blockchain technology, the trends of its implementation in various sectors of the economy and limitations, as well as to justify the blockchain technology as a promising tool for the development of the digital economy and overcoming the factors of global instability. The content characteristics of the blockchain technology are investigated, and their advantages for use in various sectors of the economy are determined. The classification of blockchain applications used in business is given depending on the mechanism of their implementation. The industry structure of the blockchain technology market is analyzed. The countries where blockchain is most actively developing are highlighted-the USA, China, and the UK. The degree of implementation of blockchain technologies in various sectors of the economy is analyzed, as well as the economic benefits of their use are revealed. It is proved that behind the versatility of the blockchain technology, there is a whole range of restrictions and threats that require leveling.

Formation of a modern information space leads to emergence of serious risks and new threats for information security of person, government, and society on the whole—which leads to increased responsibility of each member of the society and its protection. Thus, the issues of training of specialists in the sphere of information security become very important. The purpose of this paper is to substantiate a strategy of education in the sphere of information security in the conditions of the digital economy. The research results include determining the target groups of the educational system in the sphere of information security, justifying the system of support for interested parties, forming a model of education in the sphere of information security, organizing training in the sphere of information security, and creating a system of informing the society on the issues of information security. The research proves the conclusion that formation of a justified strategy of education in the sphere of information security could reduce the influence of risk of cyber security and stimulate the acceleration of economic development and increase of the level of comfortable interaction in the information infrastructure.

Over the recent several years, the financial sector underwent substantial changes due to development of digital financial technologies, which stimulates the increase of the opportunities of access of small and medium-sized enterprises (hereinafter—SMEs) and startups to financial resources by means of appearance of P2P crediting, crowdfunding, and the tools of financing based on blockchain—in particular, ICO. In view of the dissemination speed of the technological progress achievements, these changes will continue and they cannot be ignored. This paper studies the influence of digital technologies development on the changes in the financial sources of SMEs and innovative startups. The purpose is to perform an empirical research of the influence of factors—primarily, digital—on the change of the volumes of SMEs alternative financing with the usage of a set of data from open information sources on financing of SMEs and startups in 17 countries. The research method is regression analysis. Its results show that the change of the volumes of ICO, number of Internet users, and volumes of venture financing has large influence on the changes of the volumes of SMEs alternative financing. The authors distinguish the main directions of the emerging technologies’ stimulating the improvement of SMEs access to financing and complexities that arise during their application. The results of the performed research could be used for further study of the factors that influence the development of alternative financing of SMES and startups.

The purpose of this article is to study the modeling of three-dimensional environmental space using artificial intelligence and computer programming. We considered the methodology of architectural design and the concept of parametrism as a modern way of modeling architectural space and design. Based on an understanding of architectural design methods, we identified the principles of shaping architectural objects and fragments of the environment in computer modeling of various CAD systems. The authors examined the content of parametric modeling methods in three-dimensional space. We have demonstrated the mechanism of practical application by a person of the parameters of the designed object in software. We have analyzed the combination of irrational and rational thinking in the methodology of architectural and computer design. The article discusses the future development of architecture and design in the future based on parametric architecture. The possibilities of the emergence of the latest styles and trends of parametrism are determined. Artificial intelligence and modern computer technology introduce a number of fundamentally new methods of parametric and compositional design. The synthesis of natural morphogenesis and new parametric modeling takes place at the intersection of interdisciplinarity. The mathematical algorithms of parametrism are wrapped in an aesthetic shell, an ideological essence that is dictated by human thought.

Purpose: Studying the features and prospects of using cloud technologies in world banking in recent years is of great relevance, as among banks, cloud technologies are becoming more popular, and in the field of financial services, the use of cloud-based solutions continues to expand. Design/Methodology/Approach: The transition to a digital economy is a global trend. The world has already gained some experience in using cloud technology by banks, however, the question of which cloud service models are preferred by banks, what are the features of outsourcing cloud service providers and the service models they offer, continues to be studied. Findings: To date, in international practice, there is successful experience in transferring business functions critical for the bank to the cloud infrastructure, such as accounting and operational activities, risk management and maintaining information security procedures. Originality/Value: Modern banks are increasingly becoming IT institutions. A review of current practice shows that the use of cloud technologies by banks not only saves costs, but also acts as a growth driver for the bank, allows banks to introduce innovative products and develop in the institutional aspect. In Russia, the development of cloud technologies is a factor contributing to the development of Russian regions, as it creates the infrastructure for the formation of regional financial centers, which allows to solve the problem of disproportional development of Russian regions.

Purpose: The purpose of the article is to present a set of methodological recommendations to introduce Modern Digital Technologies in the educational process that can be used for training in Artificial Intelligence including preparation for Bachelors’ and Masters’ degrees. Design/Methodology/Approach: The authors note that in the modern education system the navigation through educational online resources and competent use of such sources of information to obtain relevant knowledge and skills are becoming important. We must accept that contemporary development of education changes the role of a lecturer. A professor is no longer a central figure in order to transfer the knowledge to students. Currently a professor should be a moderator as well so that students can obtain the necessary competence. The authors describe approaches to organizing full-time student learning using a set of Modern Digital Technology tools such as the Kaggle platform, the Google Service—Colaboratory (Google Colab) and the Stepik educational platform. Website Kaggle demonstrates a World-Class level of development in Artificial Intelligence. The Colaboratory resource reduces entry barriers associated with limited technical and software resources for studying Deep Learning and online experiments with neural networks. Stepik is a service to organize online learning. Findings: It is shown that the use of digital tools provides an increase in the effectiveness of the educational process, mobility and a differentiated approach to study training materials. Originality/Value: A set of methodological recommendations on the use of digital education tools was developed. The proposed methodological recommendations give an opportunity to introduce the powers of digital resources for educational purposes. The advantages of using Modern Digital Technologies providing opportunities to students for professional growth and personal development are shown.

From the perspective of the nonlinear forecasting methodology, the prospects and risks of the emergence of artificial intelligence are revealed. The reasons for optimistic forecasts, as well as threats in the “horizons” of the singularity due to the creation of machine mind are revealed. Special attention is paid to the concept of a friendly smart machine in an intelligent explosion. An attempt has been made to philosophical reflection of several options for pernicious failure, namely, vicious implementation and infrastructural redundancy. The relevance of this topic lies in the fact that the topic is not well understood, additional research in the field of artificial intelligence is required. One of the main factors that influence the relatively sustainable development of man and social systems is the emergence of activities that, as the forms, means and methods of innovation become more complex, gradually become technologies. Their potential and technical implementation in various spheres of life since ancient times influenced the formation of the scientific rationality of the modern type, which undoubtedly correlates with the emergence of the information society with its characteristic strengthening of the role of statistical laws and the non-linearity factor. The future becomes both “better” from the present in strictly defined parameters, and “worse” in other parameters. And technologies, especially knowledge-based, which can cause an existential crisis of global proportions, get an important role.

Artificial-intelligence and converging technologies currently setting global post-industrial (economic, cultural, social, and manufacturing) trends, such as the Internet of things, penetrating computing, physical-digital communication, smart medicine and smart education replacing step by step the traditional forms of communications, logistics, management, data logging, and automation.

Purpose: The purpose of the chapter is to conduct the comparative analysis of the results of the use of cryptocurrencies based on blockchain technology in Russia and abroad; to develop recommendations for creating an effective system of public administration in Russia in connection with the widespread introduction of blockchain technology in the field of payments and financial services. Design/methodology/approach: The authors identify two areas of state economic regulation: the formation of the legal framework that provides a balance between traditional values and new technological approaches; stimulating existing trends or restraining them based on the objectives of ensuring economic growth and reducing socio-economic risks. Findings: It is shown that the modern system of state regulation of information technologies in the financial market needs to be improved in such areas as creating more favorable conditions for competition and protection of investors’ rights, as well as preventing money laundering and fraud in the field of payments and financial services. Originality/value: A promising approach to solving this problem is usage of the developed measures to change the legislation in the field of FINTECH regulation based on the use of blockchain technology. The proposed measures reflect the conditions under which digitalization processes, including digital business, in payments and financial services should be encouraged or restrained in Russia.

Objective: the purpose of this chapter is to analyze ontological approaches to the study of artificial intelligence. Legal ontology of this issue is mandatory for the implementation of the national program of development of artificial intelligence, its legal regulation in order to define artificial intelligence as quasi-objects of law, and robots and objects of robotics—as objects of legal relations. Design/methodology/approach: the article considers approaches to determining the essential features of artificial intelligence, its fundamental differences from other robots and objects of robotics, which is necessary for the most effective implementation of the provisions of the National strategy for the development of artificial intelligence until 2030. The methodology of the Chapter consists in the use of methods of interpretation of legal documents and formal and logical tools not only in the system, but also in the comparative legal analysis of existing strategic and regulatory legal acts of foreign States that determine their policy in this area. Conclusions: it is concluded that there is a need for new approaches to determine the place and role of various objects of robotics, neural systems, artificial intelligence in the system of law and the system of legislation and the possibility of defining artificial intelligence as a quasi-object of law. Originality/value: the solution of these tasks, according to the authors, will contribute to strengthening the digital security of the individual, society and the state; creating economic conditions for the development and implementation of modern technologies based on the use of artificial intelligence, robots and robotic objects; stimulating innovative development for the priority development of Russia.

Objective: in Chapter the aim is to identify the issues of goal setting, creating a legal regulation of cyber-physical systems, neural systems, created on the basis of artificial intelligence, robots and robotics, the authors believe that such a General goal-setting due to the complex internal and external factors related to the discrepancy of the regulatory framework to new technological conditions and the level of development of science and technology, the emergence of new problems of globalization, the struggle for technological superiority. Design/methodology/approach: the article considers approaches to determining the principles and objectives of the development of artificial intelligence, robots and robotics objects, the most effective development of which should contribute to the implementation of the provisions of the National strategy for the development of artificial intelligence. The methodology of the Chapter consists in the use of methods of interpretation of legal documents and formal and logical tools not only in the system, but also in comparative legal analysis of existing strategic and regulatory legal acts of foreign States that determine their policy in this area. Conclusions: the conclusion is made about the need to strengthen the legal regulation of artificial intelligence, robots and robotics objects. Setting the objectives of legal regulation in the field under study, depends on the formulation of not only General, but also specific goals of improving legislation in the field of artificial intelligent systems and robotics. Originality/value: the solution of these tasks, according to the authors, will contribute to strengthening the digital security of the individual, society and the state; creating economic conditions for the development and introduction of modern technologies based on the use of artificial intelligence, robots and robotics objects; stimulating innovative development with the aim of priority development of Russia.

The purpose of the paper is to demonstrate the applicability of artificial intelligence methods for the identification of relevant forensic information from records of video surveillance systems and the opportunity to classify this information by the level of forensic relevance from potentially significant to less important events. Methodology: The paper deals with common problems related to the work of a criminal investigator, provides their analysis, and offers solutions based on modern AI developments. The solutions are justified by the new capabilities of mathematical simulation and numerical methods and specially designed programs. Findings: The paper offers a comprehensive solution for the identification of relevant forensic information, which allows achieving high efficiency against conventional approaches as well as reducing man-caused errors. It has been remarked that the most usable form of an efficient video review tool is a comprehensive solution involving the following processing stages: (1) Reducing non-informative events to a minimum and using video frame space in an efficient way; (2) Classification of objects and search by required criteria; (3) Identification and re-identification of people between all sources of video streams. This three-stage solution will help the investigator to focus only on the events that are relevant to the investigation. Besides, there will be new opportunities against conventional methods. The paper discusses some constraints that may serve as a guide for future research.

The article evaluates scientific works in the field of conceptual design of product development systems. Their systematization allows to determine the principles of conceptual modeling of systems, methods and tools used to generate and systematize information on a product during its conceptualization. It also proposes the author’s definition of the product development systems concept. Project practices are considered on the topic of research of the modern stage of domestic engineering development in the Russian Federation, including: factors of product development systems by industry enterprises, classic solutions to the issue of domestic production development at the present stage and scenarios of development of Russian mechanical engineering. Proposed concept based on the management of product development systems takes into account relevant practices of corporate systems (product development systems, production systems) of domestic manufacturers. Development of systems by industry enterprises is recommended to be considered in the context of: (1) government as a strategic regulator of the system; (2) participants in systems and their initial basic conditions (engineering and technical performance indicators) that determine the degree of adaptability and perception of technology.

Purpose: The purpose of the chapter it to discuss the use of artificial intelligence instruments as a basis for the development of export potential of machine-building enterprises. Design/methodology/approach: The formation of export potential is based on the use of a wide range of modern tools, among which the involvement of artificial intelligence systems in production processes undoubtedly plays a leading role. The research focused on the base of an export potential formation of machine builder enterprises, and the consideration of elements, features and instruments of the export potential forming. As a result of considering the particularities of machine-building enterprises that have leading positions in world markets, it was revealed that they all have artificial intelligence systems implemented to solve various productions, technological or socio-economic tasks of enterprises. The presented article contains recommendations for information technology specialists and managers of machine-building enterprises on the implementation of artificial intelligence systems, based on the study of statistical reports in this area.

The paper studies the digitalization of the Russian economy at the present stage. The digital transformation of society is currently the global development trend of many civilized countries. The main feature of the country’s digital economy related to the development of engineering is identified, the need for further development of information technologies is substantiated. The aim of the work is to assess and analyze the status and success of the development of the digital economy in Russia, the use of artificial intelligence and big data, their relationship. The work uses the description of the Data Science and its methods in the conditions of application of “smart” technologies, the need for their use is revealed. The role of “smart” technologies in the analysis of social processes and social phenomena, which expand the sources of knowledge about it, is described. The development of “smart” technologies will make it possible to solve a significant part of the problems that humanity has, solve methodological issues in organizing data collection, including personal data, and in building algorithms for their processing. The methods used by AI in processing big data are determined. The author considers a general description of the nature and purpose of high technology: artificial intelligence (AI) and big data. The reasons for the need to use artificial intelligence (AI), which is a powerful amplifier of human intelligence due to the processing in various ways of a huge array of accumulated and constantly updated databases, have been identified. The effectiveness of AI systems is determined by analyzing a huge number of facts that are inaccessible to the human brain and technologies based on artificial neural networks. As a result of the study, the growth trends for the future, the factors hindering the development of the digital economy and the introduction of advanced digital technologies and their growth directions.

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to determine the specifics of the ratio of personnel and artificial intelligence in modern small and medium-sized businesses and to develop a promising model of its digitalization. Design/methodology/approach: The study analyzes the statistics of small and medium-sized enterprises in modern Russia on the basis of official data from the Federal Service of State Statistics for 2009–2018 by the method of correlation and SWOT analysis. Findings: The results of the study confirmed the proposed hypothesis and proved that small and medium-sized businesses, in spite of a similar, and perhaps even greater interest in artificial intelligence, have much more limited possibilities for using it in their activities compared to large businesses. This makes the model of acquiring and using their own artificial intelligence to implement total automation less attractive or even inaccessible to small and medium-sized businesses. Originality/value: For practical use by small and medium-sized businesses, a model for the flexible use of artificial intelligence has been developed on the terms of outsourcing and automation of individual business processes. It is proved that the basis of the intellectual resources of small and medium-sized businesses today and in the long term will be staff, while artificial intelligence can be used as a means of technical support on a regular or temporary basis.

The article analyzes the newest trends in the development of correlation interactions between artificial intelligence and the digital economy, the importance of empathic processes in the system “man-artificial intelligence-empathy-economy”. The philosophical–ethical and economic meaning of the “new religion” by Roger Ver is revealed, which is called not only to introduce a “coefficient of stability” in the strategy of preserving human civilization, but also to resolve global contradictions of world identities. The philosophical, cultural and economic meaning of four basic identities (two “weak” and two “strong”) is considered. The concepts of “fifth” and “sixth” identities are introduced and the need for their study is substantiated. There is shown possibility and necessity of passing the “Turing Test”, using the “Empathy” and “Holographic” tests.

The transformation of urbanism in the new digital era is accompanied by the development of smart services that are designed to improve the life quality of residents, provide authorities with easy access to information and raise the investment attractiveness of the territory [1]. It can be argued that Moscow takes one of the leading positions among the most high-tech megacities in the world. In 2019, the capital of Russia was among the first to get a certificate on the achievement of international key performance indicators (KPIs) for smart sustainable cities, which is explained by the vast and accessible digital environment. The residents of Moscow have access to more than 330 online services, use the largest network of free urban Wi-Fi access, manage their city using the opportunities of projects “Active Citizen” and “Our City” and the online portal of the Moscow Government (crowd.mos.ru). Since 2010, the Moscow Government has been executing a large-scale program for the establishment of a smart city. During this period, much has been done for developing a modern IT infrastructure and introducing information systems. The efforts to improve urban infrastructure can be used at the enterprise to enhance its market position, maintain a competitive environment and lay a favorable socio-economic base of the territory. Based on the positive experience of introducing digital technologies in Moscow, it seems possible to make the investment climate for the enterprise more favorable, enhance its safety and control, broaden the opportunities to meet the social need of both employers and their staff. The scientific novelty of the research results lies in the development of decision-making tools on the introduction of digital technologies in the development of urban infrastructure based on the replication of IT programs that optimize the business processes of large cities and industrial enterprises.

One of the constitutional safeguards in the Russian Federation is the protection of the labor rights and freedoms of residents. An imbalance in the relations between employers and staff leads to social unrest. The state supervisory functions are aimed at the protection of the labor rights of the population. The search for new forms and technologies for the performance of these functions is inevitable in the digital era. Almost all employers have HR management information systems. The purpose of this study is to determine the development lines of information systems of the Federal Service for Labor and Employment of the Russian Federation (Rostrud) for the digitalization of supervisory functions. The research methodology is based on the analysis of current technologies, after which it will be possible to identify new technological solutions for the exercise of state supervision in the labor field. In turn, new digital technologies can reduce the time and labor intensity of oversight functions, save employer’s time spent on communication with supervisory authorities, enhance the performance and effectiveness of state supervision, increase the number of labor-related objects, to which supervisory measures have been applied, in the total number of objects to be supervised. All the above changes surely will help to improve the state of matters in the protection of the population’s labor rights and will ensure safe labor.

The purpose of the article is to critically analyze and generalize the historiographical material devoted to the study of the process of gradual introduction of mathematical methods, methods of informatization and digitalization, computer technology into the everyday life of one of the most humanitarian sciences—history. Based on a number of studies, the history of the introduction of mathematical methods for working with mass historical sources is considered. It is impossible not to note the huge contribution of the outstanding Russian source historian, academician I.D. Kovalchenko, his colleagues and followers who paved the way for the introduction of computer technology in historical research. For the first time in the Russian historiography devoted to this problem, the authors raise the question of the entry of modern humanity into a time of actively developing contradictions between new high-tech digital means of production and industrial and social relations lagging behind technological progress, with the resulting socioeconomic, political and cultural consequences. Some elements of this process have been noted by many researchers in different countries, primarily in terms of the risks that the introduction of digitalization, robotics and artificial intelligence in our lives, especially in the economy. The authors believe that in this case we may not be talking about risks, most of which are historically usually overcome, but, and in this they rely on the opinion of modern researchers in this field, about changing the model of socio-economic development of mankind in General. As for the problem of correlation between historical science and digitalization, generalizing the views of most modern specialists in the field of application of Informatization and digitalization in historical research, it is impossible to completely replace a person in historical and other Humanities.

The paper provides a situational analysis of the state of artificial intelligence technologies in the world. The aim of the work is to obtain high-quality assessments of the state of development and implementation of artificial intelligence technologies in various areas of life. The capacity indices of three structural segments of the artificial intelligence field (scientific publications, patenting and startups) in the world and Russia have been estimated. The article presents quantitative indicators characterizing the capacity of the structural segments of artificial intelligence developments. The current situation of publishing scientific activity in Scopus and Web of Science and also in comparison with the Russian database of scientific publications indexing is analyzed. The leading countries for publications in indexed databases are identified and their strengths and weaknesses are analyzed. Leading organizations and companies engaged in scientific activities in this area have been identified and evaluated. A comparative analysis of the trend of developments patenting using artificial intelligence has been provided. Leading countries and companies actively patenting their developments have been revealed. The paper analyzes the features of patenting and ownership of patent portfolios. The results of the analysis of patent portfolios owned by global companies are shown. The influence of the size of the patent portfolio on the market positions of world developers of artificial intelligence technologies is determined. The current situation with venture investment in the development of artificial intelligence technologies is described. The leading role of machine learning at the present stage of development is shown. Summarized statistics of startups using these technologies are given. The position of Russian scientists and developers regarding the leading positions in the segments of scientific publications, the development of new technologies and the introduction of innovations in practice is shown. The study showed which of the areas at the current time are actively developing in the most developed countries from a technological and computer point of view. The forecasts of the development of this technological direction for implementation into practice are analyzed.

The article is devoted to the search for advanced tools for creating a fundamentally new level of management system for the competitiveness of high-tech products in the conditions of using end-to-end digital technologies. The necessity and ability of effective integration of functions and tasks of competitiveness management into the intellectual system of the enterprise for the purpose of proactive provision of analytical and forecast management data are proved. The purpose of the study was to develop an approach to identifying predictors that provide reliable analysis and forecasting of the competitiveness and competitive price of high-tech products, integrating into intelligent predictive Analytics models. The object of the study was the enterprises that produce flight equipment, which are most characterized by science intensity and innovation. The subject is the process of integrating “figures” into the management of competitiveness of high-tech products. The novelty consists in the development of: an original method for selecting key competitive indicators according to the proposed criteria for the formation of a complex of predictors; a universal model for quantitative assessment of competitiveness based on the formation and analysis of various scenarios, which allows you to predict the indicators of competitiveness in dynamics, and determine the characteristics of products for a given competitiveness. The practical significance is that the problem of advanced assessment of competitiveness, based on the implementation of the search forecasting methodology, and the problem of forming a given competitiveness based on the methodology of normative-target forecasting through scenario modeling have been solved. The results of the developed model of quantitative assessment of the competitiveness of high-tech products based on the formation and analysis of various scenarios are also presented. Issues related to the assessment of the probability of data loss or the use of false information after its unauthorized insertion are considered.

The aim of this work was the need to show that robotics and artificial intelligence in the modern economy have become not only its integral part, but, without exaggeration, its very foundation. In our world of high speeds and lack of time, the need for intelligent assistants is becoming ever more acute. As you know, demand creates supply, and now processors that only the “chosen ones” saw thirty years ago are firmly registered in our home. Each house has a washing machine, which is based on a processor, which in terms of computing power is many times superior to the processor that stood on the spaceship that delivered the Americans to the moon. Processor technology has become so commonplace that many very original devices can even be created by a group of school-age children under the guidance of a teacher. The methodological basis of this work is a review of the current level of robotics using the example of the Sberbank Robotics Laboratory. The results of the analysis of the situation taking shape at the forefront of the robotics front of the economy are presented. The basis of the development of the robot model is a mathematical analysis of radio engineering signals that transmit information through its “nervous” system. The result of the work is the obtained theoretical analysis of the technological parameters of the robot, the economic feasibility of certain technical solutions adopted in the manufacture of the prototype is weighed and refined. In conclusion, it should be noted that the application of the capabilities of mathematical modeling of the processes of the electronic components of the robot, including the Fourier transform, made it possible to first create a theoretical, and then an operational model of a rather complex and high-tech robot, endowed with a number of very original and practical functions.

The aim of the article is a comparative analysis of human intelligence and artificial intelligence, as well as the search for a methodological approach that would allow resolving the contradictions that arise between different areas of knowledge in their understanding. It is proved that comprehension of the essence of artificial intelligence reaches a paradigmatic level and the solution of discussion issues at the level of a culture-centric paradigm is proposed. Through a comparative analysis of human intelligence and artificial intelligence, the insufficiency of both the techno-scientific approach to their perception, which significantly narrows the understanding of phenomena and the philosophical approach, which takes science to the level of high abstractions, is proved. It is recommended to switch to the sociocultural dimension of artificial intelligence and human intelligence, which, recognizing the merits of technoscience and philosophy, on the one hand, takes into account the specifics of the sociocultural context and, in this regard, removes the limited perception of artificial intelligence as an element of the technosphere and reveals the numerous connections of the technosphere with other spheres of life society, and on the other—thanks to the last circumstance, it concretizes the philosophical vision of intelligence. Recognizing the highest value of man as the creator of culture and the result of its creation, the authors of the article emphasize that human intelligence, due to the presence of special substrate components that determine its existence in the space-time continuum, is incommensurable with artificial intelligence.

It’s not a secret to anyone that the twenty-first century is characterized as a time of information transformation, and more recently, of the digitalization of all spheres of management. Digital technologies are being introduced into our lives all existing spheres, for example: politics, social sphere, economy. At the international level, the issues of digitalization are receiving the closest attention. In the Russian Federation, as we see, only the first, timid steps are being taken in the regulation of public relations in this area. This is due, first of all, to the facts that to date, legal scholars and lawmakers haven’t sufficiently decided on the concept of «digitalization». This also led to the fact that Russian legislation doesn’t have a coherent, clear legal regulation of these issues, and therefore, relevant government authorities are only launching test sandboxes in test mode in order to study law enforcement practice in the area of digitalization of industry, education, medicine and other areas in order, on the one hand, to prevent violations of the law, and, on the other, to achieve effective legal regulation. This position led to a contradiction between the need for further progress in the area of digitalization and the imperfection of the legal support of public administration in the current conditions, which requires immediate correction. The purpose of this article is to identify gaps in the legal regulation of public administration in various spheres of life and formulate proposals aimed at addressing them. The research methodological base was composed of: universal scientific methods: the general scientific dialectic method of cognition, other special methods for studying social and legal phenomena and processes: formal-logical; systemic; complex; concrete sociological.

In the context of emergence of qualitatively new system of economic relations, the transformation of behavioral models and ways of interaction between the main participants of the triple helix model “enterprise/employer – university – state” involved in creation of innovations and development of society is considered in the article. New requirements to these subjects in the new VUCA-world are considered. Special attention is paid to the analysis of existing and prospective forms of cooperation between universities and business structures. The use of project-based learning is proposed, as well as the creation of a technological platform of digital meta-university as one of the sites for the development of innovative projects and training of highly qualified personnel.

The article analyzes the features and problems of management economics of Russian companies in the process of total digitalization. It is proved that the transformation of economic relations based on digital technologies, which cause a rapid multiple growth of data flows, speaks of the formation of a fundamentally new economy, when the relationship is dominated by the production, processing, storage, transmission and use of a huge array of digital data for economic analysis. Any company does not focus on the attribution of factors of production, but on the data about them and their applicability in everyday activities. The purpose of the article is to state the position according to which the introduction of breakthrough technologies in the business processes of the company provides not so much for the installation of modern equipment and software as fundamental changes in approaches to management, corporate culture, external communications, resulting in an increase in productivity of each employee and the formation of the image of a progressive and modern company.

In modern society, digital transformation is gaining pace and interest in project management in all areas of activity and across the world is growing annually. The Russian Federation is not an exception. The number of specialists in the field of project management is rising. This circumstance is fully justified because project management has proved its effectiveness in the world and has been recognized as a high-class organizational and intellectual culture of accomplishing various kinds of projects. The development of project management methodology in our century is contingent to a great extent on the state of the world economic system, science and technology, and new domains of knowledge. Nowadays, one of the key development trends of society as a whole is the digitalization of the economy. It affects shaping a new outlook of project management as a whole. The article explores the current trends of project management transformation in the digital economy that have primary importance for the sustainable economic development of Russia. This fact is confirmed by the adopted program “Digital Economy of the Russian Federation”. Findings: 1. The peculiar effect of digital technologies on the project management has been revealed. 2. The vision of the project management advantages has been formed. 3. Various interpretations of the term “digital economy” have been studied and the author’s definition has been given. 4. Examples of the impact of digital economy tools on project management have been found out and summarized.

The article discusses issues concerning the analysis and identification of modern approaches to the digitalization of the financial task of the company. Nowadays, digitalization as a phenomenon is changing the framework of the economy both for countries in general and companies in particular. Specifically, there has been a significant rise in competition between sectors, established world and regional markets have suffered changes, and the number of goods and services based on the latest sci-tech developments has augmented. The above evidences that “digitalization” is turning into a driver of both economic agents and national economies as a whole. Digital technologies and their property to transform a financial task through better planning and decision making, improved processes and efficient cost management are crucial for the resolution of current business problems. In this connection, the authors seek the main approaches to the digital transformation of the financial task, suggest measures to enhance the performance of the company’s digitalization.

The paradigm shift in the development of the global economy and the accent of Industry 4.0 raise interest in the digital transformation of companies. However, the methods of selecting the factors and metrics appropriate for analyzing and measuring the value it creates are yet to be developed. In this publication, we discuss the key factors that need to be analyzed and considered to improve the reliability of the measurement of the value created by companies and projects in the digital economy. Specifically, how the digital economy creates value and the related risks, the nature of competition at the times of digital monopolies, and what constitutes a digital business model. Additional research of the above factors will result in the development of new approaches to and methods of value measurement that take into account the feedback and network effects as well as externalities of the digital transformation.

The modern stage in the development of society is characterized by the practical introduction of digital technologies in many areas of life. The aim of the article is to research information and analytical support for the analysis of digital economy development both in the Russian Federation and abroad. The article reveals methodological approaches of international organizations in forming a system of indicators. Results: 1. The chronology of development and implementation of the main regulatory documents, on the basis of which data are collected by countries and compared, is considered. 2. An analysis of Russia’s place in ratings compiled by various international organizations is presented. 3. The system of indicators of the national system of monitoring of development of digital economy reflecting factors of development of information society and use of information and communication technologies (ICT) is presented. 4. The index of ICT development in the regional context for 2014–2018 was calculated and analyzed in dynamics.

The article presents digital tools that can impact the overall performance of the company positively. It also considers the standard as well as the digital value chain, and it is visualized how digitalization accelerates all processes. The stages of the value creation process are detailed, and during the stages digitalization accelerates and improves the processes. The impact of digitalization on the company is illustrated using an assessment of the current level and the expected level of digital maturity of the company after the introduction of digital tools. Critical success factors are formed, as well as digital competences of management are underlined.

The ongoing evolution of automotive technology aims to provide even greater safety benefits and Automated Driving Systems (ADS) that—one day—can handle the entire challenge of driving when we do not want to or cannot do it ourselves. Fully automated cars and trucks that drive us, not driven by us, become reality. These intelligent vehicles will eventually be integrated into the transport infrastructure and become an integral part of a single transport system. It should be noted that only by means of automation (autopilot) a reduction of 80–90% in necessary vehicles is achieved, operating costs for carriers are reduced by 30% due to non-stop traffic—according to EU data. This initiative should develop through the intersection of spheres of interest. A project to develop digital transport and logistics in Russia has been launched. The digital platform of the transport complex of the Russian Federation exists as an essential part of the “Digital Economy” project in Russia. At present, it is obvious that the Russian transport complex is characterized by partial platforming. Today there is no true “digital” transport and logistics. In order to develop more comprehensive solutions, it is necessary to create a single data space (information and communication space). Taking into account modern technologies, it is reasonable to develop such an environment based on Blockchain technology (distributed registry, network).

Purpose: The purpose of the work is to justify the need to abandon the traditional approach to the interpretation of features characterizing the subject matters of theft by the theory of criminal law and to clarify the belonging to such subject matters of non-cash funds, including electronic, as well as individual digital financial assets. Methodology: The research is based on the use of knowledge from different branches of economic and legal sciences, as well as the involvement of common methods for jurisprudence: system-structural, historical-legal, logical-legal and others. Results: The correspondence of the statement about the material nature of the subject matter of theft to the living conditions in the information society, modern legislation and judicial practice is checked. The legitimacy of qualifying as a crime against property the embezzlement of non-cash (including electronic) funds that do not actually have the said property is emphasized. The prospects for recognizing some digital financial assets, in particular, cryptocurrencies, as the subject matters of theft are determined. Conclusion/Recommendations: Conclusions are formulated (1) on the necessity to abandon the outdated notion of subject matters of theft only as a thing; (2) on the uselessness of the relevant statement as an argument in the dispute over attaching digital financial assets to property; (3) on an urgent need to determine the legal status of such economic instruments in order to clarify the possibility of qualifying the illegal seizure of these subject matters as offences against property.

Purpose: The purpose o The Application of Artificial Intelligence Technologies in Telecommunications Sergey Golubev, Aleksandr Ivanus, Dina Aybosynova and Viktor Chinaev from the study is to estimate the trend of the uncertainty level of the telecommunications services market and to establish its relationship with the application of artificial intelligence technologies in telecommunications, as well as to reveal current problems of the telecommunications services market and find solutions to them in the context of the introduction of digital technologies. Design/methodology/approach: The authors put forward the hypothesis that the problems of telecommunication companies can be solved as long as new technologies of artificial intelligence will be introduced. To this end, the authors employed the methods of analyzing the publications on artificial intelligence and measuring the level of uncertainty on the telecommunications services market, as well as statistical analysis, mathematical modeling and other methods of scientific research. Findings: The authors found out that available methods of servicing, monitoring, and forecasting telecommunication companies need to be automated. They offered a method to measure the level of uncertainty on the telecommunications services market and identified the upward trend of the uncertainty indicator. Relying on this trend and the successful application of artificial intelligence in many IT technologies, the authors came to the conclusion that the introduction of artificial intelligence in telecommunication services is expedient and well-timed. It has been justified that the expected effect can be as high as in other areas. The authors outlined the segments of telecommunication services that are the most economically efficient for digital technologies. Uniqueness/value: The research is unique because it establishes the interdependence between the uncertainty of the telecommunications services market and the penetration of artificial intelligence technologies. The authors proposed a new methodology for assessing the level of uncertainty in the telecommunications services market. The value of the research lies in that the paper reveals the modern problems of the telecommunication companies and justifies the feasibility of these problems under the methods of AI introduction using the examples of companies providing information services.

At the present stage, digital (information) technologies start playing an ever-increasing role both in the particular national economy and the entire world economy. This is also the case of Russia. Within the market economy, the information system due to the rapid exchange of information between economic agents (from small businesses to large corporations) helps quickly take appropriate decisions when entering into economic transactions. It is clear that the sophistication of the Russian information system will dramatically contribute to all business processes, as well as enhance the quality of the national economy administration (including economic security). Digitalization is designed to serve as an instrument for the advancement of state regulation of the economy.

The development of the digital economy can stimulate the country’s economic growth, be an attractive factor for research and investors, and the development of human capital. In the digital’s context economy, requirements for components of human capital and mechanisms for its reproduction are changing. The measurement of the indicator is rather an assessment of the skills needed to take advantage of the opportunities offered by digital technologies. The speed of breakthroughs in digitalization has no historical precedent. The development and formation of the current digital economy undermine traditional ideas about businesses’ structure, how they operate, and how consumers receive services, information, and goods. The digital economy is a multi-faceted, revolutionary and important phenomenon in the modern world, in which globalization is expressed in double-digit rates of annual growth in the world economy. The relevance is that the development of the digital economy in countries is considered a key factor of economic growth in a competitive environment. Results: 1. Analysis of the development in the digital economy revealed problems: the low purchasing power of the population, undeveloped logistics channels. 2. Digitalization in the economy is a necessary investment and developing technologies, where it’s needed to use them fully. In the age of information, and exponential growth of data volume brings challenges and opportunities to traditional measurement methods based on management approaches.

This study is aimed at exploring the experience of arranging the digitalization of small accommodation facilities in Germany for the development of tourism and hospitality infrastructure in Russian regions. The article deals with the peculiarities of digitalization in the tourism and hospitality sector and its role in attracting tourists to the regions, enhancing the performance and competitiveness of tourism and hospitality enterprises. The article analyzes the introduction of digital technologies by small enterprises of the tourism and hospitality sector and reveals the problems arising in the digitalization (insufficient knowledge and experience Internet resources’ use). It is proposed to use the experience of Germany, where regional authorities prepare business coaches for the development of tourism, to intensify the application of digital technologies by small enterprises. The business coaches provide consulting assistance to owners of small enterprises in the tourism and hospitality sector concerning the use of Internet resources for the promotion of their services both in the German national market and beyond it. This experience is useful in Russia for the development of regional tourism.

Market does not produce objects, but passes information about them” (Friedrich August von Hayek). Any market is a means of interaction between manufacturers and consumers, based on a decentralized mechanism of pricing signals, which performs the most important functions in economy: distribution and redistribution of the main production factors; stimulation of development and technical progress; differentiation of revenues of market subjects.

The article presents an analysis of the prospects for the using of digital technologies in the hotel industry, identifies a number of problems and suggests ways to address them through the using of new digital technologies. Today, modern society can be described as informational. Everywhere there is a digitalization of enterprises, the conduct of the modern economy is being revised, and human labor is being robotized. The main results of digitalization are the same goods and services of the traditional economy, which are provided with the help of computer equipment and information systems. This has a number of advantages, the main of which is to increase the availability for ordinary users of certain markets (goods or services), and for enterprises to increase competitiveness and efficiency, expand the market for goods and services to increase sales volumes of the product. In the age of the global Internet, wide informatization of services, and digitization of economy, the tourism and hospitality industry changes quickly. The main task of this paper is to study the existing experience of application of modern technologies in the hotel sphere and to analyze the positive and negative aspects. Results: 1. Based on study of the practical experience of such organizations as Marriott, Samsung, and Legrand, a conclusion is made on the necessity for application of digital technologies in the hotel sphere for the purpose of improving the system of services’ quality, reducing the service time, increasing the competitiveness of hotel companies, and reducing the costs of servicing the consumers. 2. The problems are identified in the selection process of hotel chain staff, which can be eliminated through the use of new digital technologies. Their application will help to reduce the time requires for search for applicants, perform the initial analysis of the applicants’ data, skills, and experience, and improving the organization’s electronic document turnover.

The authors of the paper have set up a problem of building a fundamentally new networked integrated transport infrastructure, described digital transformation as a system of reengineering of business process that globally restructures the business model, changing the quality of productive forces, forming new business processes. The essence of the process of digitization of the transportation industry has been defined as building a fundamentally new networked integrated transport infrastructure providing interaction between citizens, government agencies and institutions, business and transport in a single information field. Research methodology was based on the concept of digital economy as an economy based on global cross-border information flows and data exchange connected in a network managed by integrated intelligent systems based on the principles of the end-to-end digitization of all economic assets, processes and entities. The scientific novelty of the research is that the efficiency of the digitization process of the English transportation industry was for the first time ever assessed through the analysis of the compliance of digital platforms and services, implemented within the scope of the program of digital transformation of the transport system and the adopted funding strategy for the information and transport infrastructure. The analysis was carried out by systemization and generalization of regulatory, statistical and other information from the logistical point of view in terms of establishing rational relationship between material, financial and information flows in the new digital integrated data system. Based on the research findings, conclusions were made on the poor efficiency of processes of digitization of the transportation industry of Russia. Such drawbacks were identified as a small part of breakthrough technologies for the implementation of the transport digitization program, insufficient preparedness of the urban transport system for the introduction of platform “Smart City”, and lack of balance in the financing structure of digital technologies towards expansion of coverage of the transport system with wireless communication networks.

The paper analyzes the factors that are crucial for the digitization of activities of social workers of care-giving institutions that ensure provision of services for senior citizens and disabled persons at home or in inpatient facilities; a research that was carried out in the Volgograd Region is presented. The authors describe the issue of preparedness of social workers for using computers and the Internet in their practical activities in compliance with the requirements of occupational standard “Social Worker”; they have identified the main ways of transforming the system for the implementation of social protection measures and social care within the scope of social services and public social assistance in the context of digitization. A three-stage research was initiated and carried out by the authors in order to establish a path for tracking the digitization of activities of social workers: (1) identifying difficulties faced by social workers in the future digitization of their activities; (2) designing the content of training for social workers based on research results, organization and delivery of training; (3) identifying the results of training of social workers and evaluating further prospects for the digitization of their activities. Research findings: (a) the fundamental reasons behind the unwillingness of social workers to implement labor activities involving the use of information and communication technologies, have been identified; (b) ways of solving the problem have been considered through establishing training for social workers, their supervisory support at the premises of care-giving institutions. This support is aimed at identifying and compensating for the lack of competencies related to mastering information and communication technologies and using them in professional activities; (c) the effects of digitization in activities of social workers have been defined.

The purpose of the research is to identify the main innovative trends in the development of the Russian retail payment market. The novelty of the study: (1) the justification of modern trends in the Russian retail payment market, which determine innovative transformation; (2) classification of forms of transformation of the Russian retail payment market. Design/methodology/approach: The study applied theoretical, empirical, general logical methods of scientific knowledge, which allowed to identify and justify the directions of innovative development of the payment market according to the following criteria: forms of identification of the account holder; account access forms; forms of initiation of the operation; technology operations. Results: The authors highlighted the features of the Russian payment market: close relationship with the financial technology market; increasing investments in such FinTech startups as lending sites, remote digital channel services and omnichannel interaction, payment systems, instant (quick) payment systems, personal finance management and biometric identification; Bank of Russia regulation of both the traditional payment market and the FinTech market; the incompleteness of the processes of quantitative and qualitative transformation of the market, which appears in a reduction in the number of banks with an increase in the number of accounts in credit organizations and the number of money transfers in accounts. The main subjects of the Russian retail payment market are: money transfer operators (these include payment aggregators and credit organizations); electronic money operators (these include banking and non-bank credit organizations). The subjective transformation of the retail payment market is manifested in the fact that traditional credit organizations are supplanted by innovative entities, which contributes to increased competition in traditional segments and increased market efficiency. Conclusions: The highlighted features are involved in the generation, acceleration and transmission to users of innovative forms of payment transactions: forms of identification of the account holder (biometrics); forms of access to the account (tangible and intangible information carriers); forms of transaction initiation (QR codes, contactless payments); transaction technology (Real-time payments).

Purpose: The aim of the study is to identify the main problems and limitations of the availability of innovative financial services and the search for possible solutions on the example of the Russian economy. Design/methodology/approach: Despite the intensification of scientific research and applied developments in the field of the digital economy, the problems of the wide availability of modern digital services for the population and economic entities, territorial imbalances, and improving the elements of the financial mechanism of systems that conduct digital innovations remain relevant. Applying theoretical, empirical, general logical methods of scientific knowledge and a systematic approach, the study identifies technical, regulatory, legislative, infrastructural, organizational, industry problems that impede the widespread use of innovative financial services, and suggests separate ways to solve them. Results: It was revealed that the problems under study are of a technical, legislative, infrastructural, organizational, and sectoral nature. To solve them, the authors propose an algorithm for combining industry ecosystems containing universal platforms and services. The algorithm includes 3 stages: the creation of innovative technologies in the economic and social spheres with the subsequent development and standardization of industry-specific digital competencies; Innovation of industry (financial) markets (payment, credit, insurance, securities market, precious metals market, etc.) and the creation of basic infrastructure platforms; creation of a single digital environment, including compatible industry environments (institutional and infrastructure). Conclusions: Together, a single digital environment ensures the interaction of financial market entities and the development of infrastructure platforms and technologies; industry environments are merging into a single ecosystem of the digital economy. The proposed approach to the system formation of a single digital environment will contribute to the increase in the availability of digital financial services.

Purpose: The purpose of the research is to study the feasibility and possibilities of using distributed ledger technology in credit cooperation. Design/methodology/approach: The research methodology is based on traditional cooperative principles: mutual assistance, solidarity, transparency, trust, democratic management of the cooperative. This study aims to strengthen and comply with these principles as ensuring the identity of credit cooperation in the financial market. In the work, methods of forecasting and SWOT analysis are applied. Results: The feasibility of using distributed ledger technology in the practice of credit cooperation is determined by the following. It is necessary to innovate cooperative services and strengthen the specific inherent features of cooperation, which are expressed in the basic cooperative principles. The most effective innovation for credit cooperation may be the technology of distributed registries (blockchain). The use of distributed ledger technology in credit cooperation will provide the following opportunities. Multilevel distributed control of cooperative members will be strengthened. Members of a credit cooperative will have the opportunity to control the integrity of the chains and the formation of new links. For the market regulator and self-regulatory organizations, access to the registry is open for regulated supervision and monitoring activities. To assess the possibility of using the technology of distributed registries from the point of view of the state of the external and internal environment, the SWOT analysis method was applied, which confirmed the possibility and necessity of using distributed registries. Conclusions: According to the authors, the use of distributed ledger technology in credit cooperation is advisable. The technology is able to enhance competitive advantages based on cooperative principles. The blockchain will provide a more perfect exchange of information between shareholders about the formation and use of a common cooperative fund. The technology can increase the transparency and controllability of operations, avoiding external mediation. A distributed registry in credit cooperation can be the best practical solution to strengthen the community of members, enhance transparency of activities, and increase the efficiency of the use of funds in the common interests of members.

Nowadays, for many Russian companies it is becoming increasingly difficult to attract the necessary number of client requirements and requests for sales and service. Often there is a problem of matching the level of the declared services and the company’s ability to meet them. The problem lies in the need to develop optimal models for managing company capacity and resources. In a highly competitive market environment, the speed and accuracy of processing large volumes of data plays an essential role. This is particularly acute in the automotive business. According to various estimates, almost 80% of the marketing budget is invested in digital. Widespread introduction of digital technologies allows achieving a leading position in the market. The authors have made an attempt to highlight the problem of finding optimal solutions in the marketing management of the dealer center on the example of ROLF company, which showed high results against the background of market instability, being the leader of the Russian automotive business. Effectively working digital marketing tools and the results of their application are systematized and argued in the article: the need for the simultaneous using of various tools, technologies and software products; the need to use call tracking data on user behavior to form an effective advertising strategy; some queries, traditionally considered the most conversion ones, in practice are not; reduction of promotion costs is possible due to the redistribution of texts and landing pages. The question of what specific solutions and tools allow the company to grow steadily, work efficiently and achieve a leading position doesn’t have a clear answer. But without the using of specific digital marketing and sales tools in the current environment is basically impossible. The recommended basic composition of the tools is proposed in the article.

The article reveals the categorical apparatus on the topic of research. A set of elements of the product development system is proposed, as well as a structure, approaches and methods of system design, highlighted by systematizing scientific views on the nature and content of corporate systems. Results of the proposed approach to product development system modeling serve as the basis for a proposal of the author’s interpretation of the definition of “product development system”. Design practices for modeling systems in domestic production allow us to determine components of systems for creating products in the form of a combination of: production products; landscapes of processes of the higher secondary and subsequent levels, participants and KPI of the product development system. It is recommended to consider the following decisions for development of domestic production from the position of primary product development systems: (1) design of product-production systems in terms of flexibility of their practice-application; (2) product and technological integration of systems, taking into account the principles of product lifecycle management (PLM).

The article deals with the development of professional sports in Russia during the digital transformation of the economy and the unexpected global economic crisis caused by the pandemic and the fall in prices for energy resources. The article studies the situation in the sports industry by the example of Russian football clubs of the highest league. The economic analysis of activity in the context of sources of financing and the use of modern tools to expand the number of clients (fans) of professional football clubs was conducted. The comparative analysis of sources of income of Russian football clubs of the highest professional league was made. There is a rather strong dependence of Russian football clubs on public sources of funding, which, according to the authors, does not contribute to the use of modern information and communication technologies and market mechanisms for managing the sports industry to achieve market efficiency. A definition of a “continuum of funding” is given, revealing possible approaches to the financing of physical activity and sport in different countries, as well as ways in which funding could change. The prospects of using some modern information and communication technologies for football development are considered. The use of social media to promote sporting events was analyzed. The shortcomings of the Russian sports industry are noted and recommendations on the development and implementation of modern information and communication technologies are given. The article forecasts the impact of the corona economic crisis on the development of the Russian sports industry, and concludes that it is vital and urgent to turn the sports industry into a business industry.

The experience of developed countries (such as the USA, France, Germany, and the Netherlands) has proved the effectiveness of cooperation in a certain territory of scientific and educational organizations and production enterprises in order to achieve the synergistic effect of such integration as a cluster. Innovational and industrial clusters have become an effective tool for integrating national producers into the global market for high-tech products, which generally affects both the level of development of the cluster member organizations and the base region and the whole country. The Russian Federation, adopting the experience of developed countries, when conducting a cluster policy, determined the mechanisms of state support for projects of industrial clusters, and therefore the issues of assessing the effectiveness of financing industry of industrial clusters are relevant. The article is devoted to solving an urgent problem—the development of a digital monitoring system for the effectiveness of financing industrial clusters of the Russian Federation. As part of the study, the goal was set to develop a system of digital remote monitoring of industrial clusters of the Russian Federation, which would meet the basic needs for financial control, as well as the specifics of the development of domestic cluster policy. The proposed system of digital remote monitoring of the effectiveness of the development of industrial clusters in the Russian Federation can be used in the current and subsequent monitoring of the financing of cluster programs, to prepare decisions on the allocation of budgetary funds by state and municipal authorities and will allow potential investors to determine the most promising investment tools. The study used methods of bibliographic and logical analysis, synthesis and a systematic approach, mathematical methods of processing statistical data.

Purpose: The purpose of the chapter is to improve material flows in urban areas with the help of long-term storage depots for mineral construction waste remaining after the demolition of buildings and structures for their further use as recycling materials. Design/methodology/approach: Urbanized territories are depots of material resources that are most efficiently used within the framework of circular economy and replace with them fully or partially natural resources. This concept is called urban mining. The authors identify a way to optimize the flow of mineral resources using long-term storage depots and calculate its efficiency using a specific example. Findings: It is shown that the studied method significantly optimizes the flow of mineral resources during the transition to circular economy and the introduction of the concept of urban mining. At the same time, with the given parameters, the current and maximum volumes of long-term storage depots are calculated, as well as the time when the system reaches a reduction in the generated waste in comparison with the volume of their recycling. Outlook—further research assignments: The project is at the initial stage of development and implies the use of optimization algorithms and machine learning for multivariate analysis and decision-making in real time with its further implementation.

The aim of the study was to assess the degree of differentiation of Russian regions with respect to readiness and involvement in the process of digitalization of the economy in order to find an adequate set of tools to smooth out these contradictions. To achieve this goal, groups of indicators were identified to assess the level of differentiation of regions regarding the readiness and involvement of regions in the processes of digitalization. At the same time, unlike the methods used to assess the level of digitalization of the regional economy, the authors not only compared the regions with each other, but also compared the actual values of indicators with the limit criteria (reference) values. As an empirical base of the study, data on nine regions of Central Russia, namely Moscow, Vladimir, Ivanovo, Kostroma, Kaluga, Nizhny Novgorod, Ryazan and Yaroslavl regions were used. As a result of the study, the features of differentiation of regions in the process of formation of the digital economy are determined, and the tools of its smoothing are determined.

Purpose: The paper is aimed at designing the specific-organized typological structure of economic entities through the study of foreign approaches and revealing the influencing factors in developing scientific and technological competitive advantages. Design/methodology/approach: From the perspective of discovering the place and role of science, process, and technology, we have carried out a retrospective comparative analysis of the basic concepts of competitive advantages. We have shown that peculiarities of different types of business entities as actors of competitive advantages are underestimated in these concepts. Relying on an integrated analysis of documents and academic sources, we have suggested a typological structure of business entities. It includes types of industry entities that possess high potential for the development of industrial policy measures on scientific and technological competitive advantages. To arrange and bring together the heterogeneous types of industry entities occurring in various information sources, we have highlighted five generalizing typological features, in particular, the specific nature of the space-industry borderlines of the company’s activity, the time-dimension framework, competitive strategies, and business models. Also, we have performed a content analysis of various sources to uncover the main factors that influence scientific and technological competitive advantages. We especially emphasized the certain level of the country’s socio-economic development as a factor of the successful development of top technologies. Findings: It is recommended to take into consideration the suggested typological structure in developing industrial policy measures on scientific and technological competitive advantages, including ones to counter the occurring obstacles. Along with that, one should bear in mind the different hazards of obstacles for different types of industry entities, including peculiarities of the industry.

The article reviews the features of the transformation of accounting in the digital economy. The research results of foreign and domestic authors are considered. The regulatory analysis of the legal acts regulating the digital economy space of the Russian Federation and the Eurasian Economic Union was conducted. The main tasks, trends and regularities of development of digital features have been established. The research is aimed at systematization of elements of temporal accounting paradigm in conditions of digital economy. The results are the following: (1) The terminological apparatus of “temporal paradigm” concept is revealed. (2) The recursion of graphical model of temporal features of digital economy accounting is presented. (3) The elements of temporal features of exogenous format of action in digital economy are systematized.

Purpose: The article is devoted to the adjustment of managerial tools to ensure a technological breakthrough in the Russian economy with the help of scientific and technological developments. Design/methodology/approach: The methodological background of the study is the theoretical principles of systemic, factor, functional, logical, comparative, and statistical analysis. These methods made it possible to assess the performance of state policy in the scientific and technological field relying on the findings of the corresponding analysis. A factor analysis of the mechanisms for the transformation of scientific developments into technologies has revealed problems in the structure of these mechanisms. Findings: The article has shown the low performance of funding some priority areas of scientific and technological development and the high sparseness of the innovation cycle in several sectors related to scientific and technological development. Thus, the academic sector takes a leading position in scientific research but makes a small contribution to the patents. The companies that lay scientific and technological groundwork almost don’t cooperate with institutions that introduce technological solutions into practice. Therefore, innovation performance is low. Over the past 5 years, there haven’t been considerable shifts in the technological development of Russia. The country lacks an integrated approach to the focus of scientific potential on high-tech innovations. The authors suggested the structure of a scientific and technological platform for the generation of knowledge and its transformation into competitive technologies in prioritized sectors of the real economy. Uniqueness/value: The findings can be useful in solving the strategic tasks on the upgrade of high-tech processing industries.

The aim is to study the attitude of the Russian population to the processes of digitalization of the economy and provision of public services. This article will present the results of the study of the attitude of the Russian population to the processes of digitalization of the economy and provision of public services. The article contains the data of the survey of 250 respondents aged from 40 to 60 years. The survey was conducted in September–December 2019. As a result of the survey using cluster analysis, three groups of respondents were identified: the first group (72 people) included “passive” buyers of products and services in online stores, who are afraid of fraud and deception when buying; they usually spend from 1 to 3 thousand rubles on purchases, rarely making purchases online. They also refuse to use the Common Government Services Portal for fear of passing on their personal data to third parties. The second group of “confident” consumers (91 people) includes respondents who make purchases 1–2 times a month. They most often buy tickets and goods at lower prices and stocks, and are afraid of making insecure payments. Reducing time costs for them is the main reason for using the Common Government Services Portal. The third group of “cautious” consumers (87 people) consists of people who usually make online purchases of tickets and other goods 1–2 times a month, seeking to buy goods at lower prices and stocks and spending on them from 3 to 5 thousand rubles per month. They often use the Common Government Services Portal, as its advantage for them is the absence of queues. Thus, the study shows the features of consumer behavior of respondents over 40 years of age when making online purchases and using public services.

The paper supports the author’s viewpoint on administrative and legal nature of the declaration institution, as exemplified by the declaration of compliance with the statutory requirements by the supervision entities in the field of transportation. The potential for the digitization of declaratory administrative procedures in this field is regarded as a demonstration of the positive trends in the development of this method of public administration.

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to analyze the legal and economic limitations of the telemedicine technologies that are typical for most countries, and to develop approaches based on the experience of the Russian Federation to overcome them. Design/Methodology/Approach: The authors consider the system of legal and economic relations that arise between different participants in the provision of telemedicine services, focusing on international experience in this field. The economic problems of using telemedicine technologies are evaluated by analyzing the economic interests of each of these participants. At the same time, the main focus has done on determining the ratio of additional costs and additional benefits for each of the participants associated with the provision of telemedicine services. Findings: on the example of the Russian Federation, the analysis of legal and economic restrictions for the development of telemedicine technologies, characteristic of many countries, is carried out. A number of common problems of implementing telemedicine technologies have been identified, as well as specifics of them in the Russian Federation. Methods of economic incentives for providing telemedicine services in the framework of the compulsory health insurance system are analyzed. Originality/Value: the measures aimed at overcoming a number of legal restrictions in the use of telemedicine services related to licensing, the degree of legal responsibility of doctors, etc. are proposed. Methodological approaches to the classification and measurement of costs of various parties involved in the provision of telemedicine services, which must be taken into account when evaluating the effectiveness of telemedicine technologies are justified. At the same time, it is proposed to allocate two main groups of costs for the introduction of telemedicine technologies: (1) necessary costs and (2) investments. The differences between these concepts are described in relation to the sphere under consideration.

The purpose of the work is to study the features of socialization in adolescence and the role of the digital environment in this process. The methods of research were free pair by association, private semantic differential, frequency analysis and content analysis, as well as descriptive statistics procedures and factor analysis as data processing methods. The results showed that today’s youth have a clear differentiation of socialization environments with a preference for the digital environment. The leading agents are the global Internet network, social networks and messengers. Cognitive patterns of perception of agents of digital socialization Э “malicious–well meaning” and “regressive–progressive” have been established. The main characteristics and directions of socialization in the digital environment have been established: the digital environment in combination with the values of individualism, hedonism, comfort, as well as technologies contributing to their achievement are presented by young people as a field for creativity and self-actualization. At the same time, young people do not have an attitude to training, to continuous professional development, self-improvement, self-overcoming and work. Conclusions/recommendations. The data obtained make it possible to predict possible ways of further socialization and economic behavior, as well as to formulate a number of practical recommendations in the field of management and education.

The results of applying digital technologies in state financial system are analyzed. Development and improvement of state and municipal administration is impossible without transition to digital form of running basic business processes. The article used methods of content analysis of legislation in the field of digitalization and state financial and budgetary management, comparative analysis of data on implementation of programs and projects of digitalization of economy in Russia, as well as methods based on the system approach with description of digital solutions used in the domestic budgetary system. As a result, it has been revealed that a comprehensive approach to the development of digital solutions in the system of state financial control will improve the efficiency of use of budget funds and management of the budget system in the Russian Federation. Increased transparency and availability of data for all levels of government is necessary for sustainable growth and development of both the budget system and the economy as a whole.

The article deals with digital platforms as a phenomenon that emerged at the turn of the century in the conditions of digital transformation. With the help of digital technologies in all sectors of the economy there is a transition to a new format of relationships. The appearance of digital platforms expands the opportunities for cooperation, increases the productivity of business processes, accelerates the interaction between different subjects of ecosystems, erasing borders and time zones, transforms the structure of traditional markets in the smart space. The purpose of the study is to define the concept of a digital platform, as well as the peculiarities of the formation of international and national platform solutions. Definitions of digital platform, platform business model, platform ecosystem are given. Classification features of digital platforms are considered. The strategic analysis of digital platforms activity is carried out, experience of foreign and national platform business models is considered. An overview of key ecosystem indicators implementing digital platforms is provided. Segmentally large Russian digital platforms have the potential to enter the global digital market and offer competitive digital solutions in the near future. In order to strengthen Russia’s position in the global digital space, the government needs to take effective measures to support the development of digital technologies and address the global problem of confidentiality of personal data collected and processed by the platforms.

The aim of the work is to study international, mostly European, experience in implementing tools and technologies of electronic public procurement in the sphere of public administration. In particular, the authors postulated the hypothesis that the trading volumes within the framework of the most efficient European electronic public procurement systems are directly related to the quality metrics of electronic systems. The methodology of the study is based on a systematic approach to the study of cyber-economic systems and processes using semantic, logical, statistical, content, expert, comparative and exploration analysis, as well as econometric modeling methods. In the course of the research the following scientific results were obtained: the accumulated international experience in the field of informatization, automation and digitalization of public procurement processes was analyzed; representative statistical material on the volumes, costs and conditions of public procurement on the European trading platforms was collected; pre-processing of statistical material on both the characteristics of procurement and on the metrics of public trading platforms was carried out; specification of econometric models was carried out; an econometrical model was built; and an econometrical model was constructed. The study allows us to conclude that at present there is a global trend of increasing volumes of public procurement, including those sold through special digital trading platforms; the experience of the European Union confirms the hypothesis that there is a significant identifiable relationship between the volume of trade and the fixed quality metrics of digital trading platforms—with the growth of quality parameters of technologies and mechanisms of public procurement there is an increase in successful transactions and their cost.

This article is dedicated to the review of the main changes occurring in the banking sector after digitalization. The analysis of principal introductions of modern technologies in banking allowed us to conclude that banks should thoroughly work out a strategy of further development in view of changing trends and digitalization in all areas of their activities. We showed that digitalization acts as a driver for the development of the bank as a financial supermarket, which not only provides traditional banking services but also establishes its own ecosystem and can enlarge its client base. As a result, the competitiveness and stability of the banking system are growing. It is pointed that digitalization also has negative implications, especially nowadays, such as higher bank’s expenses for the introduction of technologies, staff training, data protection, the release of labor, which may negatively affect employment in the country.

The Constitution of the Russian Federation ensures to individuals a minimum wage, labor and health protection, protection against unemployment, as well as support for disabled people and seniors. Social and labor relations have always been and will be socially tense. The state guarantees the respect for labor rights of individuals. One of the legally established methods of labor rights’ protection is state control and supervision over compliance with labor laws and other relations connected with labor rights. On the back of general scientific theoretical and empirical methods, such as analysis; generalization; simulation; investigation of the government bodies performance, the regulatory framework; arrangement, structural-functional modeling, the authors theoretically underpinned the proposed amendments to the current laws in view of modern processes of the digital economy. In the age of the digital economy, the functioning of government bodies is transforming and new technologies that change approaches to the fulfillment of their functions are emerging. Modern technologies make allow establishing control (supervision) over the labor field at a markedly different angle, namely continuous electronic monitoring of the employer’s actions. This approach will dramatically expand the scope of control and supervision in the labor field without augmentation of staff. Consequently, this situation will safeguard the labor rights of employees. The digital transformation of state control (supervision) in the labor field is carried out within the state policy on the establishment of conditions for the development of the digital economy in the Russian Federation. Technological changes cannot be made without legal regulation. The regulatory framework governing labor control (supervision) issues has to be updated.

The paper considers the features of organization and effective functioning of GR-management in the digital transformation context. It is proved that in this context the relevance of GR interaction is explained, on the one hand, by obstruction of the internal structure of the modern society, which is accompanied by other processes, other interests and the formation of outside interests and groups, and, on the other hand, by increased state intervention in the spheres of social life, expansion of legislative and administrative initiatives of the state, which began to actively affect the interests of business. The analysis showed that the effective organization of GR-management contributes to the removing of administrative barriers to business development, improving the efficiency of the business entity. It is proved that the importance of GR-management is determined by the need to disclose the potential capabilities of business entities that are essential for the development of territories in the context of digitalization, which should ensure the identification of targeted mechanisms for supporting business for the rational diversification of the economy. The digital economy policy in the concept of business development as the main source of state tax revenues should be aimed at increasing the activity of entrepreneurial structures. Based on the results of the study, author’s recommendations on overcoming the existing difficulties of the effective development of GR-activities in the Russian Federation are proposed. The prospects for further research are based on the analysis of successful global experience in the development of GR-activities and the possibility of its transplantation into Russian practice.

The article reveals the main prerequisites for the digital transformation of banking business models, analyzes the advantages and threats of the development of digital financial technologies, as well as the factors hindering the transition of Russian banks from the classical business model to the digital format. The authors examined the most promising trends of digital technology development and scenarios for the further transformation of the banking business into a digital economy. The article also presents separate recommendations for banks on the successful conversion of their business models to digital format.

Currently, innovative technologies are widely used in the world of sports, including computer, digital, smart- and video technologies. The identification of human capabilities at the utmost level is impossible without modern high-tech equipment. On the eve of the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, digital technologies allow us to accurately analyze the competitive and training process, develop a training algorithm, plan the amount of loads based on the state of the athlete, which is extremely important for timely entry into a sports form and to demonstrate the highest result. The study of the functional state of the players of the female youth team of Russia 3 × 3 basketball on the basis of assessing heart rate variability indicators was carried out to correct and optimally plan physical activity, prevent overtraining of athletes and conduct necessary recovery measures.

Today’s professional sport is impossible to imagine today without a systematic analysis of a large amount of digital data. In game sports, in particular in basketball, Smart technologies are used for selection of basketball players, analysis of game activity, scouting, prediction of results and many other aspects of sports activity. To increase the competitiveness of Russian basketball at the international level, it is necessary to introduce the latest digital technologies and monitor global trends in the application of the capabilities of artificial intelligence to build the training process and scout gaming activities.

The research examines the digitalization of government procurement. We studied the countries’ experience, such as Colombia, Peru, Chile, and Ecuador, in the digital transformation of public procurement, which affected the government sector at all levels. Today, to become digital, organizations must compete in a world where both end consumers and business customers expect products and services to meet their needs on demand through channels.Results: 1. It was found out that adaptation is necessary for development in dynamics. 2. The analysis shows the importance of increasing the influence on half of the organization’s expenses by purchasing an organization and improving the efficiency of managing the expenses. 3. Presented artificial intelligence, which is an important monitoring tool for digitalization of government procurement.

The article discusses the company’s oil and gas investment opportunities. Abroad, venture capital companies provide opportunities for direct investment in the growing oil and gas industry. With extensive experience in developing horizontal oil and natural gas fields, venture capital firms use long-term industry knowledge to provide their partners with high-yield investment opportunities that allow them to diversify their investment portfolios and ensure a stable cash flow while simultaneously getting the right to benefits and significant tax. Venture companies are constantly working to reduce the risks associated with oil and gas projects by partnering with the best operators in the industry. This article discusses the company’s oil and gas investment opportunities. Abroad, venture capital companies provide opportunities for direct investment in the growing oil and gas industry. With extensive experience in developing horizontal oil and natural gas fields, venture capital firms use years of industry knowledge to provide their partners with high-yield investment opportunities that allow them to diversify their investment portfolios and ensure stable cash flow and simultaneously entitle benefits and significant tax. Venture companies constantly working to reduce the risks associated with oil and gas projects by partnering with the best operators in the industry.Results: 1. Presented analysis of the world’s leading oil and gas companies. 2. Shown various ways to invest in oil and gas.

The introduction of a new procedure for fiscal settlement in the field of public transport is, of course, a necessary tool for more complete accounting of funds and contributes to the transparency of the passenger transport market. However, according to the authors, the current legislation does not allow using most of the modern features, mechanisms and scenarios of passenger service that have already been implemented on public transport, which makes it necessary to analyze the existing problems from a legal point of view. The authors draw conclusions about the problems of legal regulation and law enforcement in the use of digital technologies when using cash registers in the process of passenger transportation and suggest possible ways to resolve them. This article undertakes the attempt to expand the knowledge about legal understanding of such important for the implementation of fiscalization calculations by public transport terms as the calculation date and the time of calculation, influencing the implementation of nonapologetic about application cash register technics, and also offers the best for the enforcers, the order of execution of requirements of the law and is addressed not only to researchers in the field of administrative, financial and information law, but the lawgiver and law-as applied.

This article is reporting study of the solution for a singularly perturbed nonlinear system of differential equations. In this paper, solutions of a singularly perturbed nonlinear system are considered in a particularly critical case. The matrix of a linear system has complex conjugate eigenvalues. The eigenvalues of the matrix of the system under consideration do not have zeros on the boundary of the region under consideration and outside this region, and the imaginary parts of the eigenvalues of the matrix are positive with the exception of boundary points in the considered domain. A uniform approximation was constructed for the solution of the initial Cauchy problem in a particularly critical case with any degree of accuracy. Results were also obtained for a specific task.

The effectiveness of the digital transformation of the Russian economy is largely determined by its financial sector. In turn, in modern research, the issue of the influence of digitalization of the financial system on the entire value chain of financial services remains insufficiently studied, while at the same time facilitating the intensification and deepening of relations with customers. The article explores the features of digitalization of financial services associated with its intangible nature, heterogeneity of estimates. The methodological base of the study includes the theoretical principles of the digital economy and the concept of business models taking into account the specifics of the activities of financial organizations. Retrospective and prognostic research methods made it possible to identify the main tools for digital transformation of the financial services market: virtual banks; financial and technical companies; international and national electronic money systems; digital currency; online loans; payment services of IT platforms; crowdfunding and crowdinvesting; “End-to-end” digital technologies”; external electronic document management services. Based on the results of the study, a generalized conclusion was made about the existence of serious problems of a technical, economic and social nature, their dominance in the financial services market was noted along with existing economic problems. Recommendations have been developed to improve the regulatory framework that protects the interests of agents involved in creating the value of financial services. Scientific novelty is reflected by the proposed conceptual business model of digitalization of financial and credit institutions, the management areas of which may include: improving operational efficiency, introducing innovations (smart technologies), managing customer relationships, and ensuring structural flexibility (“bank as a network”). The theoretical and practical significance of the study lies in the fact that the results of the study can serve as the basis for solving persistent problems associated with the digitalization of financial services, changing business models in the financial sector of a market economy.

Consideration of the correlation between transnational companies activities and national economic policies. Special features of environmental policies formation of transnational companies were defined. The analysis of the indexes of the rigidity of environmental policy, environmental democracy and environmental performance was performed. The relationship between the level of development of the country and the rigidity of environmental policy was revealed. The environmental activities of the largest Russian companies representing the transport, oil and gas, metallurgical and mining sectors of the economy were analyzed. The tendency of expenses increases for environmental protection, including investment expenses in fixed capital, aimed to protect environment and rational use of natural sources was discovered. Consideration of priority areas of environmental activities for transnational companies. The conclusion about the significant positive impact of TNC activities on the formation of the country’s environmental policy was made.

Purpose of this chapter is to develop regulations for selection of projects in technical and technological development area, taking in consideration context of network management structure in industrial enterprises. Research methodology is based on evolutionary conception, which implies emergence of new technologies in the process of niche experiments at micro level, followed by selections and consolidation at me so and macro levels; that implies assessment of innovative projects and their implementation results not only for one business unit but also at the same business network. Research and comparison of conditions and implementation methods reveals underlying problems of technological development in business network structure. Those provide for development of optimal set of provisions and models, ensuring most efficient selection of innovative projects. In simple terms, the model includes preliminary selection of projects based on thematic priorities; integrated assessment of selected projects based on innovation criteria; assessment of networking opportunities when selecting and implementing projects; investment appraisal and final project selection. During the study, the authors identified conditions and specific models that determine reliable project evaluation in the context of industrial structures network. Those are applicable when project results are reflected in both: project initiator’s performance and its business partners’ achievement of goals: Analytic Hierarchy Process, AHP, Rank Inclusion in Criteria Hierarchies (RICH), Robust Portfolio Modelling (RPM). The work includes description of difficulties related to selection process of innovative technological development projects, awareness of which helps to figure out appropriate models for each particular case.

Purpose: The purpose of the paper is to offer scientific and practical recommendations for formation of an effective strategy of nature protection activities in a region in the conditions of the digital economy’s development. Design/methodology/approach: Correlation analysis is used for determining the consequences of the digital economy’s development for the nature protection activities. The research is performed by the example of top 10 regions of Russia by the level of digitization in 2019. Findings: Cross correlation of the ecological index with digitization, innovations, and “green” investments shows that digitization—as a direction of innovative development of modern regions’ economy—could cause ecological risk. A very low return from “green” investments shows that they cannot be a sufficient measure of nature protection activities in regions of modern Russia and require additional supporting measures. Two alternative strategies of nature protection activities in a region from the positions of their effectivenes in the conditions of the digital economy’s development are distinguished, and their comparative analysis is performed. Originality/value: It is shown—by the example of top 10 regions of Russia by the level of digitization—that modern regions use the strategy of commercialized digitization, which causes high ecological risks that cannot be overcome even by means of “green” investments. For solving this problem, an alternative, more perspective, strategy of responsible digitization is developed; it allows for high effectiveness of digitization and sustainable development of the region. The scientific and practical recommendations for implementing this strategy are offered. Based on this, it is proved that formation of an effective strategy of nature protection activities in a region in the conditions of the digital economy’s development should be based on the concept of “green” digitization.

Modern production in a globalized economy requires a change in approaches in terms of increasing competitiveness, which directly depends on the ability of enterprises to adapt to constant changes in the external and internal environment. A solution to this problem is possible when forming an effective mechanism for sustainable development based on technological transformation, which is especially relevant for the current stage of development of the Russian economy. The purpose of this study is to analyze the basic concepts included in the category “mechanism of sustainable development of an industrial enterprise”, as well as improve this terminology based on a matrix approach. The methodology includes theoretical and cognitive (formalization, ascent from the abstract to the concrete) and general logical (analysis and synthesis) methods. As a result of the study on the basis of the works of domestic authors, the concepts of “mechanism”, “development”, “sustainability” were allocated, which formed the basis necessary for formation of categorical matrix. The most accurate and specific wording of the “mechanism for the sustainable development of industrial enterprises” is formulated. This is typical for industrial organizations in the conditions of technological transformation and contributes to the rational adoption of managerial decisions. The need for a new approach to clarify the essence and content of the concept of “mechanism of sustainable development of industrial enterprises” is due to the lack of a holistic approach in this category. We should also find a simple and understandable practical way to analyze the state and formation of the mechanism of sustainable development, which suggests the dedication of this study selection of solutions to the above problems. Based on the foregoing, taking into account the specifics of industrial enterprises and using mathematical methods of modeling, a categorical matrix of the concept “mechanism of sustainable development of industrial enterprises” is compiled in our article.

The purpose of the study is to justify the prerequisites and priority lines for the transformation of regional cooperation between countries in the context of global digitalization. The objective of the study is to assess the foreign economic potential in the system of integration cooperation between the regions of Russia and Belarus, on which the contribution of the digital technologies to be introduced in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to the macroeconomic parameters of the national economy, including the scope and nature of diffusion of SMEs foreign economic activity, is contingent. Economic and statistical studies were conducted in the composed information-analytical environment, mainly using the example of the Mogilev region. Studies have found out that the introduction of digital technologies in business processes is a driver of the performance of SME’s foreign economic activity amidst the regional integration of the Russian Federation (RF) and the Republic of Belarus (RB). It has been established that both information communication tools under use (electronic document flow management, application of e-commerce platforms to gain access to international markets), and the very concept of arranging a foreign economic activity need changes. The study revealed a low involvement of the region in the foreign trade turnover of the republic; inertia and geographical imbalances in the foreign economic turnover and its commodity composition; underutilization of potentials of cross-border cooperation, including SME, organizations of free economic zone “Mogilev” (enterprises of machine engineering, construction, wood-processing, highway transport industries). The foreign economic activity of SME in the Mogilev region is distinguished by a prudent approach to the product range structure of export and import turnover with a high share of intermediate and food products and a low proportion of investment and high-tech goods. To solve these problems, governments of the countries in the segment of SME’s foreign economic activity approved the introduction of economic digitalization tools that would ensure the sustainable development of the regions.

The rapidly expanding digital economy requires a quick response of the education system to the changing demands of citizens, society, the state, and business. In this regard, there is a need to create a digital educational environment of the university, as one of the main areas that ensure its competitiveness in modern realities. The aim of the study is to identify the main directions of the formation of a competitive digital educational environment of the university. In this regard, a review of legislative documents was carried out, an analysis of scientific publications in the context of the digital transformation of education, an analysis of the results of our own research, which, together, was the methodological basis of this work. The creation of a digital educational environment is considered in the article from the perspective of a marketing approach, carried out with a focus on the market- its trends, opportunities and strategic development prospects; to the requests of various target groups, considering the joint creation of value in achieving the goals of self-development and self-education of students. In solving the tasks, the authors investigated the trends of modern education in the context of the digital economy; identified the problems that need to be addressed to remove obstacles to the effective use of the digital educational environment of the university; priority tasks are formulated that need to be addressed. The novelty of the study lies in determining the directions for the formation of a competitive digital educational environment based on a systematic integrated approach to solving priority problems in the process of its transformation. The results can be used both by higher educational institutions and other educational institutions.

This article analyses the current state and directions of development of digital insurance as one of the branches of modern economy of the Russian Federation. Attention is paid to the increasing risks of cybercrime, the assessment of the amount of damage to such crimes is given, the protection of information data is considered. The most perspective branches of development of digital insurance are marked. At the same time, a view was expressed on the future of insurance as an autonomous industry. Risks are presented, including those related to the active creation of ecosystems by banks, which allow insurance operations to be carried out by banks’ clients on their own, which, on the other hand, is a serious incentive for insurance development. The advantages of digital transformation and integration of insurance companies and services into the global digital ecosystem are described. New challenges that insurers may face in the transition to digital format are presented. Attention is paid not only to the need to make technological changes in insurance, but also to modernize relationships with customers. The potential of the Russian insurance market has been identified and tools for its implementation have been offered. There is a suggestion to expand the range of complex services provided. The main problems on the way of digital insurance development and possible steps for their solution have been identified.

The article has estimated the possible introduction of agile technique for management of interest club activities in arranging technology clubs as part of the National Technology Initiative in the digital economy. The authors have revealed the opportunities of interest club management against conventional forms. The advantages of using digital approaches in agile techniques for interest club management have been found and recommendations on the introduction of digital solutions in the technology club management have been developed.

The relevance of identifying accelerated development zones in the region’s economy to reduce the gaps between the supply and demand parameters in the labor markets is explained by the need to determine the lists of professional competencies and professions for which there is currently no generated demand from business. To reduce the level of uncertainty in solving the problem, it is advisable to localize the area of ​​the search for the expected changes in the demand for professional competencies of labor resources in those areas of the economy where organizational, technological, marketing and other types of innovations will be introduced. The aim of the study is to develop an algorithm for identifying areas of accelerated development in the region. Based on the content analysis of scientific publications on the study of the structure of the regional economy, the authors divided the concepts of “economy sector” and “accelerated development zone”. Characteristics are identified that allow identifying accelerated development zones by spatial distribution in the region, belonging to the type of economic activity, technological efficiency and investment activity. Based on multicriteria selection, the article proposes an algorithm for identifying areas of accelerated development in sectors of the region’s economy, the staffing needs of which will be reoriented to new professional competencies. On the example of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, the proposed algorithm was tested, accelerated development zones were established for macro-regions and types of economic activity, quantitative characteristics of labor resources were determined for which changes in business needs with respect to professional competencies are most likely.

Subject. The paper examines the impact of regional housing policy on the transformation of urban agglomeration space. Purpose. Identification of patterns, forms, methods and features of transformation of housing in the socio-economic space of urban agglomerations. Methodology. The research was carried out on the basis of methods of spatial and morphological analysis of regional socio-economic development, logical and graphic modeling. Results. In the work, the logic, character and tools of housing policy used to form new growth poles in the area of urban agglomerations were revealed on the basis of systematization of theoretical and practical approaches to the activation of socio-economic development of territories. As a result of the analysis of the mechanism of formation of new centers (cores) of economic activity of the regional space, a graphic model of distribution of centripetal and centrifugal forces of urbanization in relation to housing policy, which stimulates the socio-economic development of urban agglomeration in the process of its growth by building up the regional periphery with modern housing and modernization of the housing stock was constructed. Conclusion. The results achieved in this work are part of the organizational and methodological support of housing policy in the region, aimed at modernizing its socio-economic space through targeting polycentric model of urban agglomeration development. The findings, approaches, classifications, algorithms and generalizations obtained, which are considered as efforts to increase the toolkit of housing policy of a region, make it possible to design the development of its space with set parameters, such as: the structure of the region’s economy, investment attractiveness, social and economic potential, the level of infrastructure development, the degree of urbanization of the territory, the share of economically active population, the reproduction of human capital, comfort of life, availability and accessibility of housing, and population influx.

Modern economic science does not yet have a holistic theory explaining how to solve the problem of sustainable development of socio-economic systems in the context of new technologies and digitalization of the economy. In the article, the author explores new forms of business organization—the business ecosystem from the point of view of the role they play in the modern economy, how they affect the activities of economic entities and the sustainable development of the economy. The aim of the article is to study the ecosystem as an economic phenomenon, as a component of the country’s socio-economic system, as a possible driver of sustainable economic development in the context of the digitalization of the economy. To achieve this goal, the following tasks are solved in the article: the phenomenon of the ecosystem in the economy is studied from the point of view of various scientific approaches; factors that impede and contribute to sustainable economic development are investigated; explores the role of digital technology in ensuring sustainable economic development. The study is based on the use of general scientific and specific research methods, such as: analysis, synthesis method, method of rational reconstruction of science, comparative analysis method, generalization method and others. The method of comparative analysis revealed differences in views on the essence of economic ecosystems of domestic and foreign scientists; the synthesis method allowed us to identify approaches to the study of economic ecosystems in modern economic science; the method of rational reconstruction of scientific knowledge made it possible to establish differences in relation to knowledge as a factor in economic development in economic studies of eastern and western economic thought; The generalization method has become the basis for the formulation of research results.

The digital society and, in particular, the digital economy require the employee to have certain competencies that aren’t limited to computer literacy, information competencies, etc. The so-called soft skills become very popular, among which an important place is occupied by effective thinking skills, self-management skills, communication and managerial skills [2]. Soft skills are considered as a style of behavior that combines the parameters of social flexibility and individual activity. In turn, the ability to build business communications in the business environment, teamwork skills, leadership, and behavioral flexibility are decisive for innovative personality behavior, which is an integral indicator [6] of professional elitism of the personality and determines the person’s ability to be adaptive to changes, generate changes, new forms of behavior and activities, change yourself, successfully carry out activities aimed at developing, implementing and disseminating new ideas, products, and technologies [3–5]. The article presents the results of a study of the socio-psychological characteristics of students’ innovative potential, including value orientations, professional motivation, socio-psychological qualities, as a condition for further professional implementation [1]. It’s proved that students with different levels of development of innovative potential prefer to work in companies with different types of organizational values (adochocratic, market, clan, hierarchical types of organizational culture); students with a high level of innovative potential to a much greater degree show leadership qualities, are focused on the role of entrepreneur and senior manager.

Due to the rapid growth of the urban population all over the world and the emergence of methods for analyzing big data, there is growing interest in works devoted to the study of current trends in changing urban structure. Studies have shown that the «smart city» system primarily focuses on the integration of three components: economic, social and environmental. Smart cities add digital intelligence to existing urban systems, allowing you to solve more problems at lower cost. When cities function more efficiently, they become more productive places to do business. In addition, digital technology helps increase social cohesion. The social component includes, first of all, democracy with the participation of citizens. In many cases, smart cities focus on finding answers to various urban problems by introducing information and communication technologies (ICT), which are designed to collect citizen feedback or provide resources for information that can improve the quality of urban life. However, there are still few scientific and practical works in which an attempt is made to assess the possibilities of solving urban problems based on digital technologies: from citizens living to doing business in a single unified environment. The purpose of this study is to attempt to develop such a unified approach. The novelty of the study is the refinement of the concept of «smart city», the analysis of the use of its dynamic capabilities with a focus on the stages «assessing the importance of an event» and «using opportunities», where ICT technologies are used as a tool for collecting information from citizens. The proposed approach will allow municipal authorities to quickly respond to unstable situations in all areas of urban life, to justify the allocation of resources and plan their needs for the future.

An analysis of the mathematical models and methods, which are used to build the algorithms of the digital sector of the economy, made it possible to draw the following conclusion: the modern development of mathematics and information technology provides a wide range of possibilities for setting and solving various problems in the field of economics. One of them is the analysis of time series in order to predict the behavior of a dynamic system. The ability to use artificial neural networks for this is justified by the theorems of mathematics by Takens, Gorban, and Kolmogorov, which made it possible to reduce the problem of forecasting time series to the problem of approximating a continuous function of several variables. Based on the analysis of neural networks and modern methods of their training, a phased construction of the ANN, which determines the main characteristics of the ANN, is proposed, the correct choice of which will allow to qualitatively solve the task of forecasting the time series. The main stage of the scheme under consideration is the selection and training of a neural network, which requires an assessment of all possible architectures and methods for training neural networks, since there are still no general criteria to confidently choose the optimal «methodology» for training a neural network, despite their active using. The choice of the most important properties of a neural network: its architecture, block size, learning speed, remains largely empirical. A high-quality solution to any economic problem requires a comprehensive analysis of existing training algorithms for neural networks in order to choose the best one. This inhibits using of ANNs to solve the practical problems of the economy. It’s proposed to use artificial neural networks (ANNs) only to solve such problems of economics and management, where the formalization of the decision stages is either quite complicated or impossible at all.

The article substantiates the relevance of the study of approaches to evaluating public-private partnership (PPP) models, taking into account the digital transformation of the economic system taking place in Russian society. A retrospective analysis of the use of PPPs in the Russian Federation (RF) and the EU countries has been carried out, reflecting an understanding of the essential role of public-private partnership, primarily in the implementation of major infrastructure innovation projects in the context of digital transformation of social development processes. It is noted that in foreign countries, public-private partnership has been actively used over the past decades to create and implement various types of innovations that require significant long-term investments, such as developments in the field of robotics and artificial intelligence. The article identifies problematic issues that reduce the effectiveness of public-private partnership in the Russian Federation, regardless of the choice of a particular model of project implementation: gaps in legislation relating to the regulatory regulation of PPP projects. The efficiency of the main PPP models is also analyzed, and a comparative description of the costs of digital transformation of the Russian economy by sector is carried out. The results of the study are summarized, which make it easier to choose a PPP model in the sphere of digitalization of the economy.

The investment market with state participation is a system of partnership interaction between subjects of investment process. The paper analyzes German experience in digitalization of investment market, considers the problems of functioning of digital platform “ROSINFRA” and defines the directions of digitalization of investment market with state participation in Russia.

The purpose of the article is to research of directions of development and formation of conclusions based on brand management research findings. The urgency of digital technologies in brand management is defined in the work. According to the Forrester research company, by 2020 more than half of companies’ revenues will depend on digital technologies. If the transformation is not started now, then it will be too late. The subject-target method, statistical and comparative methods are the methodology in the work. The study was carried out using the desk research method of statistical analysis and the field method of sampling and questionnaires. The article notes that in the conditions of modern social and economic reality, globalization processes both in the world as a whole and in the Russian Federation cause serious market transformations, including through the development of innovations: technical, technological, social. One of them is total digitalization, which becomes a determining factor of economic development in the global strategic outlook. An important conclusion was made that the modern trend of business in Russia is undoubtedly optimization and further development of brand management. The results of the study consisted in the formation of conclusions about the industry effectiveness of brand management and its digitalization.

The article deals with the problem of the dependence of the management culture on the basic features of the national mental attitudes in the context of globalizing telecommunication systems. Findings. 1. Multidirectional globalization and localization of cyberspace as an environment for intercultural communication lead to the addition of opposite codes of managerial strategy in companies of countries representing various cultural and historical types. 2. The opposite philosophical concepts on the subject-matter of spiritual culture are historically expressed by two different trends such as objective-personalistic (from Protagoras to Berdyaev and Sartre) and objective-idealistic (from Plato to Hegel). 3. The content of terms “culture” and “national mental attitudes” given in the context of the spiritual life of the person and society explain the capacities of focusing his spiritual life on his own self (inner immanent-personal world) or commitment to the outside world (transcendental intention). 4. Various expressions of the spirit intentionality in eastern and western cultural traditions allow grasping the meaning, purpose, and borderlines of a person’s creativity, including managerial work. The West believes in the activity of the person, but the East states the principle of non-action. Russian self-awareness absorbs the inherent features of Eastern and Western spiritual culture, which can serve as the foundation for a New Eurasian civilization aimed at the synthesis of spiritual values, worldviews, and ways of life in the East and West. 5. The conventional principles of China’s managerial culture are exercised by Chinese telecommunications company Huawei Technologies, which altogether intensively adapts Western innovative strategies of management. The dual character of the contemporary managerial model in China is consistent with the dialectic of dichotomies of Chinese thinking, which underlies holism and largely matches the binary nature of the Russian business culture.The research findings can be useful for the theoretical provision of management systems in Russia and East countries, as well as for the practical implementation of innovative management strategies.

The article is concerned with the study and analysis of social aspects which reflect the willingness to digitize modern society, the results of the study of the spread of digital technologies and opportunities that are increasing, therefore, are being used in various areas of public production and daily living. It is common knowledge that in order for digital technology to become more active in the service of humans, it is necessary to develop the skills and abilities of the population in mastering digital literacy and the spread of digital culture [5, 6], which significantly expands the potential for digital consumption. The aim of the article is to study the conditions created in our society to improve digital literacy and the spread of digital culture among the population, because the challenges of developing digital competencies to enhance the needs of citizens is now at the forefront and their interests in the digital economy. Study results: the concept of “digital literacy” and “digital culture” have been formulated; the authors have identified the main social consequences of the results of the use of digitization processes in society—an increase in the variety, quality and time of receiving the state electronic services at all levels, appearance of a new profession related to providing advices on digital literacy to the population, erasing the boundaries of social exclusion of certain categories of citizens, as well as improving the quality of life in general.

The article is devoted to the study of problems caused by the complication of digital civilization and related to the protection of knowledge and information from a variety of technological and sociocultural threats and risks. These problems can be solved by creating a single and integrated supranational system of knowledge security, the purpose of which is to ensure the cognitive security of society and the individual. The concept of «cognitive safety» is considered in philosophical and psychological senses in the article. The study used such classical theoretical philosophical methods as the method of generalization, analogy, abstraction, analysis and synthesis, the philosophical method of ascent from the abstract to the concrete. The logical and epistemological analysis is used to enter the necessary concepts. Results: 1. A distinction between the philosophical and psychological understanding of the phenomenon of cognitive safety is proposed. In a philosophical sense, cognitive security is the protection of the cognitive resources of society, which forms the social mechanism of control over the storage and using of the intellectual property of society and other spiritual values. There is lack of realization of potential threats to the homeostatic functioning of cognitive and mental processes psychologically. 2. Three levels of cognitive security are distinguished: global cognitive security (security of society as a whole), information and cognitive security of social groups and social communities, information and cognitive security of individuals. 3. Two main areas of information and cognitive security of the society—information security and knowledge security—and their universal functions: protection, social memory and adaptation, have been identified. The protective function ensures the observance of the natural human right to information and protection against it within the legal framework. The function of social memory is storing certain socially significant information organized for convenient use. The adaptation function contributes to the stability of a modern risk society. The results of the article can be used in further studies of the problem of cognitive safety, in the development of proposals and recommendations to a wide range of state, commercial and public organizations and institutions.

This article deals with the main features of digitalization of French economy in the conditions of globalization and development of Internet trade and advanced technologies. The key characteristics of the modern stage of French digitalization development are revealed. Economic activities based on advanced digital technologies and related to e-commerce and e-business are actively formed and spread in all economically developed countries of the world, including France. Within the framework of the article the author analyzes the French digital economy, considers the stages of its development in the modern conditions using examples of specific economic spheres. The results: 1. Different approaches to setting the meaning of the concept of digital economy are outlined and its key characteristics are identified. 2. The peculiarities of the current state of the key French sectors of economy affected by digitalization are determined. 3. Various assessments of the level of digitalization of the French economy are considered and particular measures to overcome the existing gap are proposed. 4. The national strategy for the development of artificial intelligence is considered and key measures to achieve the goals set by the country’s authorities, namely, the achievement of France’s leading position in the development and application of artificial intelligence, are identified.

The purpose of the article is to give a formal characterization of the institutional environment of the social system and its impact on the behavior of participants and the system for digitalization and automation of management, including the design of a digital twin of the enterprise and simulation of a social system model. The problem is solved by the method of mathematical simulation, which became possible due to the resource-functional approach to the analysis of social systems, the development of the behavior vector concept, and techniques of the quantitative assessment of all types of resources involved in activity, formalization, and recording of human conduct. To solve the problem, we should clarify the nature of corporate systems, which are a special case of social systems, to establish a relationship between the functional events and the resource base, as well as between the company’s resource base and the acts of the parties to relations. The development of the behavior vector concept allowed introducing into the mathematical models of the social system the specific acts of interacting parties, information flows and messages, and solving the problems of performance optimization. With that, social institutions are considered in a specific sense as an information object (rules, regulations, etc.) affecting the behavior of the system participants. Using the developed approaches, we identified the parameters of social institutions, firstly, variables distinguishing one institution from another (specifying it), and secondly, ones enabling assessment of institutions’ impact on the behavior of participants in the social system. The newness lies in that the institutional environment and particular institutions are formalized in a matrix, which is suitable for mathematical models and computational algorithms. This allows us to record in the digital twin of the social system formal and informal institutions, including regulations, corporate culture, stereotypes, and other phenomena influencing the system state. In the calculation of the controlling actions, this enables, firstly, to estimate the managerial effect with respect to the impact of the institutional environment; secondly, to predict the required changes in the institutional environment to attain a controlling action.

Modern business conditions more often require from managers broader digital vision of both current and future management of the company. Nowadays it’s no longer enough for the manager to have the relevant expertise in certain functional areas of activity and broad managerial outlook. A modern manager should be able to initiate the entrenchment and utilization of advanced information systems and technologies in almost all of the business processes of his company. When writing the article, we have used the materials of a study conducted at some domestic industrial enterprises. Findings and main provisions are premised on the analysis outcomes of real practical implementation and utilization of corporate information systems. The results attained during the study, including the opinions of experts represented by a staff of industrial enterprises, were aimed at making up a list of prioritized fields of expertise and skills of current importance and interest that can help a modern manager to succeed in implementation and practical use of corporate information systems. The main finding of the study should be recognized making up such a priority list. The fastest achievement of the essential and sufficient knowledge within the above fields of expertise by company management is a possible solution to the problem of increasing the efficiency of modern IT use. The scientific novelty of the present article is that the demonstration of the professional behavior stated by the authors is designed to help the manager to lower the resistance of company staff to the implementation of modern information technologies.

This article is devoted to the study of modern trends in urban infrastructure management based on innovative digital technologies. The article provides analytical studies of current developments within national projects aimed at the establishment and evolvement of the urban infrastructure management system. The domestic and foreign practices of design and operation of Smart Cities and Smart Homes are examined and summarized. The authors assess the possibilities of introducing innovative developments in the digital environment for resource conservation, protection, and preservation of the environment. Some problems encountered by various participants in the implementation of these innovative projects and national programs have been revealed. High attention is paid to problem-solving approaches and techniques in the EU countries and megacities of Singapore and Beijing. The focus is put on energy efficiency in the construction and operation of facilities with regard to the foreign experience of application and implementation of innovative energy-saving technologies. The world development trends of urban infrastructure amidst rising energy prices are have been investigated. In the end, the authors have drawn up the conclusions and propounded the directions for a more efficient introduction of innovative resource-saving technologies as well as have made recommendations on improvement of the urban infrastructure management system.

The purpose of the research is to explore the convolutional artificial neural networks (ANN) used in the tasks of land use digitalization to justify multi-year crop rotations, assess the state of crops, manage land reclamation, predict yields, etc. ANNs are a powerful tool of artificial intelligence, but its wide application is constrained by the limited speed response of central processors of modern electronic computing machines. This constraint can be surmounted through the utilization of parallel computing technologies. The use of CUDA technologies allows, depending on the ANN architecture and a set of macro parameters, dramatically reduce time input into network learning. As an environment of ANN development, we used cloud service Google Colaboratory based on the Python language, which involves a wide range of libraries for ML. We have taken into account the features of the physical principle of GPU operation, in which memory architecture is divided into DRAM and GPU memory in its streaming processors. A special unit of the system under development provides for building models and comparing the predicted parameter values with the given reference ones. Additionally, it is provided a unit for analysis of the parameters obtained from ANN to support decisions regarding the occurrence of adverse situations of crop cultivation (damage from pests, salinization, soil erosion). In the small ANN with up to 256 neurons in each of the layers, the time spent on the exchange between the GPU and CPU when implementing the CUDA technology is much higher than the time required for direct calculation, while it slightly hinges on the dimension of the input data streams. The findings make it possible to refine the architecture, the macro parameters, and the learning time of ANN in the development of information-analytical complex for support of land-use task resolution.

This article is aimed at the identification of bottlenecks in the field of solid waste management and ways of their elimination with the use of digital technology. An analysis of the procedure for coordination between the state (represented by the federal and regional authorities) as well as municipalities with society and companies, which caused great communication problems. The most acute situation with both waste management and communication takes place in developing countries, especially in Africa and Asia. To a large extent, this problem has developed due to failures and sometimes a legal vacuum in the communication between the authorities, population, and companies. The good news is that similar problems, maybe of not so large scale. This situation may have already been solved by many Western countries. Digital technologies that have been developed by leading economies have already proven to be effective and will help change the current severe situation with waste management faced by many countries. The best practices of smart technologies have today a high potential as well as methods and outcomes of their use, which has been reviewed in this scientific paper.

In this article, the authors considered the visualization of technology for building a management system for the innovative start-up “SPERO”, which implies the organization of access to the technological platform for calculating indicators of IVF procedures for own and partner clinics. In the article, the visualized models of business architecture of top level, chain models of value creation, models of financial streams are presented. The authors emphasize that the effective construction of activities is possible through the correct construction of the business architecture of the project, which is actively promoted by visualization.

The development and widespread dissemination of digital technologies in almost all sectors of the economy and management has led to radical changes in the nature of project management, which in turn has created new problems in organizing project activities. An analysis of the impact of digital technologies on modern business processes in the sectors of material production and services made it possible to identify changes in the functions and knowledge requirements of system theories. This necessitates the search for new approaches to project management, changes in the forms and content of project activities both inside the company and at the level of public project management. The authors consider many concepts of system theory in the work. The lack of a single concept of the system leads to the absence of a standardized definition of this concept, equally understood in various areas of project management. The authors examine the evolution of the definition of the meaning of “system”. It’s noted that the theory of systems can be defined as the totality of an object or subject of study of system theory, as well as the methodology and methods of the management process. The studies conducted by the authors indicate that, in connection with the digitalization of the business, it’s important to revise project management taking into account the methodology of system approaches. The authors propose a system of measures to ensure the development of the corporate project management system in the organization in response to the challenges of global technological changes and the complexity of production and public relations, which leads to a noticeable lag in the methodology for the formation and application of new terms in digitalization.

The purpose of the work is to evaluate the management system of specific restaurants and develop a system of quality training of staff. Design methodology approach: In this work, the authors rely on comparison methods, principles of comparative and competitive analysis, criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of the restaurant business; the points of view of such theorists and practitioners as Aleschenko V. V., Aminov E. F., Baumgarter L. V., Santalova M. S. and others. Findings: The article identifies the strengths and weaknesses of the main competitors in the restaurant business, a comparative analysis of the competitive positions of restaurants, an assessment of the effectiveness of catering, the criterion of the effectiveness of their activities, the competitiveness of restaurant services. It is concluded that non-price methods of competition are of particular importance, since the restaurant service is not only food, but also the service of the process of taking food with the provision of a range of additional services. Originality value: The organization of the training system in the restaurant as a non-price method of competition is proposed. The training system of a new employee may include the following stages: (1) acquaintance with the restaurant; (2) training skills for the position; (3) certification. The proposed system of training in the restaurant is implemented in the practice of restaurant 1 and positive results are obtained.

This article is devoted to a detailed analysis and challenges of SIS-class systems design. The author showed the necessity of developing the theoretical foundations of ontological design, as well as a methodology of building conceptual, logical, and hierarchical models of management architectures, reference data classification systems, as well as delivery forms and mechanisms of semantic topology. The author stresses the importance of semantic data processing and semantic communications in global networks within a digitalized economy.

In modern world of large amounts of information and digital technologies, much attention is paid to assessing the benefits and economic results of the technologies being implemented, while the social aspects of digital development are often neglected and are a source of threats to the well-being of the entire socio-economic system. One of the reasons for the productivity paradox of the new digital economy may be the inconsistency of the existing social construct of value and the vector of digital development. The purpose of the research is to reveal the productivity paradox of the digital economy and identify the socio-value reasons for its occurrence. The study of the dynamics of the current stage of socio-economic and technological development allowed the authors to identify the productivity paradox of the digital economy, which is manifested in a slowdown in labor productivity and economic growth against the background of increased investment in digital technologies and human capital development. The socio-value reasons for its occurrence are established. It is proved that in order to ensure sustainable development in the new conditions, it is necessary to integrate new phenomena of the digital environment into the traditions and values of everyday human life. This can be achieved by reviewing the role of the state in the formation of a given socio-economic orientation and behavioral attitudes in accordance with the strategy of digital development.

The article presented aims at describing the educational needs of the new generation of learners, specifically Generation Net. We examine generational differences between the Boom Generation, Generation Y, Millennial and Generation Z cohorts. The Strauss-Howe generational theory constituting the basis of our research, we give the interpretation of the generation gap in Russian reality. We present the statistics on faculty-student belonging to a particular generation cohort at Minin University, Russia, and explore the relationship between the former and latter generations. We conclude that the traditional sage-on-the-stage approach used in most Russian universities does not work in dealing with the current Generation Net representatives. There is an urgent need to find new teaching approaches to reach the new generation of learners that will help meet their educational needs, goals and values. We see the way of improving the quality of teaching in introducing the latest technologies that are able to bridge the generation gap, boosting academic achievement.

This paper presents the results of analysis of the modern state and potential advantages of using HR analytics for increasing individual and organizational effectiveness and the perspectives of its further development in the conditions of digitization of HR management. The authors determine the stages of development and maturity of HR analytics in companies and consider their specific features and priorities; determine the potential advantages of expanding the practical usage of predicative HR analytics, including substantiating the necessity for changes in HR management, evaluating the relevance of the used HR programs and tools, accelerating the process and increasing the systemic character of managerial decisions making, as well as creating the basis for strategic partnership of HR specialists and managers. Based on generalization of the empirical data, which were obtained in the course of global and national research, the authors substantiate a conclusion on high demand of predicative HR analytics in solving the following tasks: forecasting the need for personnel and its turnover, increasing effectiveness of recruiting, determining the most valuable employees, talent management, managing the involvement, determining the key factors of motivation and successfulness, increasing labor efficiency, and improving interaction between employees. Based on the performed research, the authors determine a range of the key factors that restrain application of HR analytics in Russian companies: the problem of receiving objective data, insufficient level of information technologies, absence of the necessary analytical competencies with specialists, existing corporate culture, interest of top management. The problems of ethics, confidentiality, and personal information protection during usage of HR analytics, predetermined by application of new technologies and non-traditional sources of data in case of absence of a clear normative and legal basis (including the risk of prejudice and reproduction of discrimination practices, and reduction of personnel’s trust to the company), are analyzed. Recommendations for overcoming the determined problems of development of HR analytics are offered.

Goal: to give consideration to the legal fundamentals in the field of recognition of foreign education in the context of worldwide trends and challegnes in higher education. The authors introduce readers to the fundamental principles of the Global Convention on the Recognition of Higher Education qualifications—a global regulatory act aimed at improving academic and occupational mobility, expanding international cooperation in higher education, recognizing cross-border education and building trust to education systems in various regions. Special attention in this paper is given to Article VII hereof concerned with recognition of the incomplete education of refugees and displaced persons as well as their education certificates. Methodology: Research tasks were solved through a comprehensive, complete and objective analysis of norms, Russian, international and foreign legislation, law enforcement practice and analysis of academic works of leading scholars. Results: The authors conclude that the ratification of the Convention by the countries will contribute to increasing the degree of openness of education systems and reducing barriers to academic mobility all over the world, as well as improving information support, the process of the recognition and quality assurance of education. Moreover, it is pointed out that it may take a long time for a document of such magnitude to enter into force.

The article deals with the introduction of digital technologies in such an important social sphere of the economy as education. The purpose of the research is to analyze the prospects for their use as a result of changes in the need for a new type of specialists for the digital economy. It is proved that a radical and abrupt rejection of traditional methods of education as a source of knowledge in the next few years is hardly possible, since it is necessary to create economic, legal, social, material, and psychological foundations for their implementation. This will be largely due to the academic mobility of teachers and students, changes in the labor market, increased technical support for the educational process, and other processes. The research methodology consists in using system approach, cause-and-effect, economic-statistical, abstract-logical, and comparative analysis. The informational basis of the study in the framework of this article is the legal acts on the digital economy, statistical data, and electronic resources. The problems of introducing certain digitalization tools into the higher education system are identified however, based on resources, a generalizing conclusion is made that they are not dominant and do not eliminate the existing traditions of classical University education, while at the same time providing a more dynamic development of the educational services market. Estimates of the prospects for applying certain elements of digitalization in domestic education are presented. Recommendations are given for building models of interaction between the state, business, scientific and educational institutions, ensuring the availability of new quality educational services. The authors also proposed the basics of the conceptual model of digitalization of an educational institution, including new technologies, artificial intelligence in educational and scientific activities, marketing communications and digital interaction within the university, digital marketing, and competitive research projects.

The primary resource of a post-industrial knowledge-based society is the creativity of a personality, his/her ability to generate new knowledge and information, which directly depend on the quality of training of skilled professionals. It is education that forms the human capacity of highly educated professionals; without it, any innovative nature of development of the economy is out of the question. A dynamic model of economic development should correspond to an adaptive education system that promptly responds to the demands on the labor market and is able to reproduce in-demand professionals for the future. Solving this problem requires new educational process implementation mechanisms, a new universal set of competencies that will not depend on the trade that is learned and will make it possible for a future professional to quickly adapt to changes in the environment. In order to maintain its large share in the educational market, traditional education will need to undergo a transformation at the level of forms aimed at developing authenticity, reducing teaching to its original form, endowing it with its original content and tenor. Gamification of learning has the potential to become an efficient tool for the modernization of learning that gives a boost to self-development. Even today, we are witnessing how rapidly the market for educational gaming environments is growing; hence, it will be able to become an actual competitor to the traditional education system in the near future. As a result, educational institutions will be forced to include interesting and educational-functional gaming tools in the educational process. The authors substantiate their idea that IT technologies are able to give new momentum to the development of inclusive education, which makes it possible to ensure professional self-fulfillment for people with disabilities, give them the opportunity to feel themselves as productive members of society, to be needed in the professional area.

The Program “Digital Economy of the Russian Federation” that is currently being implemented by the government should contribute to the formation of an economic environment that would ensure the most effective interaction between citizens, the scientific community, business and the State, through the development of digital technologies. In addition to developing a specific statutory regulation system, the interaction of actors in the digital economy requires the training of relevant personnel with certain competencies: professional competencies that are required for the development and implementation of digital technologies, and user-specific competencies that are required for the efficient application of potential of information and communication technologies. The goal of this research is to identify relevant competencies that are transforming as a result of digitization of the economy and focused on improving competitiveness of personnel. General scientific methods of cognition serve as the basis for the methodology of the paper. These include observation, generalization, comparison, methods of analytical study of the content of regulatory acts. The digitization process has long been implemented in accounting through the use of various software programs and automated accounting systems that document business processes and are used to automate accounting and draw up financial accounting statements, so the introduction of studying the practical aspects of using software products in the educational process can provide graduates with skills related to the fundamental “digital literacy” of the users. However, in order to improve the competitiveness of personnel in the labor market in the digital economy, consideration must also be given to professional digital skills relating to mastering the digital technologies. That having been said, a set of advanced digital competencies that a professional should have is no longer constant. Under the influence of the digital environment competencies become variable; they evolve into “dynamic portfolios”. If this occurs, the business will focus not on personnel, but on the total “portfolio of competencies” of professionals which is formed depending on the business development strategy. The paper has developed a portfolio of digital competencies of modern personnel which in the authors’ opinion must be possessed by professionals to improve their competitiveness in the labor market.

Identification of common lexical elements with the definition of specific linguistic foundations and the drawing of language parallels that objectify an intercultural concept based on the vocabulary of the work “Babur-nameh”.

The main purpose of the study is the analysis and identification of promising digital adaptation technologies, a synthesis of theoretical views and practical experience in this area. The article provides a theoretical analysis of the modern understanding of adaptation, emphasizes the relevance of a systematic approach, identifies the priority tasks of a mentor, substantiates the process of transition to automated technologies. The paper deals with the automated processes of optimization of adaptation of Yandex, Google, SKB Kontur, and IKEA. The analysis of current trends, opinions of experts of Forbes Coaches Council, PMG, data from Careerbuilder, Intermedia, Institute of Labor has been carried out. Positive results have been confirmed from the introduction of web-services, chat-bots or virtual assistants, video lectures and trainings, 3D office tours/excursions, which make it possible to acquaint the employee with personnel of the company, to satisfy his/her objectives more quickly. The introduction of automated services has significantly speeded up the productivity of new employees. The transformation of the views of senior management to the adaptation system is justified. Modern business leaders attribute adaptation to the strategic priority areas of personnel policy. Description is given of a future promising adaptation strategy that is recommended by the members of the Forbes Coaches Council. Special emphasis has been made on the focused acquaintance of new employees with corporate culture, the effectiveness of automated mentoring programs and online-training programs. The importance of the “First 90 days” approach has been justified. The efficiency of the automation of adaptation for personnel retention, reducing financial and time costs, improving efficiency of the employee from day one has been confirmed. The function of information security during the automation of these processes has been emphasized. Digitization reduces the time needed to obtain, process, reconcile and transmit important data. A new employee not only gets acquainted with functions, but also learns faster, since he/she feels that he/she is a part of a virtual and real-world team. In an era of global digital transformation, it is important to find a system-wide approach which would combine human potential and IT potential.

At the modern stage of development of information technology, the most important aspect of efficiency of higher education in Russia is preparedness of the higher education system in general and professors at higher education institutions in particular for working with digital technologies. Research findings presented in this paper allow assessing such indicators as the level of digital literacy of university professors, their mastering of ICT competencies, as well as the level of development of the digital educational environment of Russian higher education institutions, including the degree of availability of digital equipment in higher education institutions, the use of educational software products and online education services, the degree of development of training and online education technologies. This research allows making several significant conclusions which are necessary for the development of the higher education system in Russia in the context of the digital economy and the development of necessary methodological tools for the comprehensive assessment of preparedness of higher education institutions for the introduction of digital education technologies and products.

Purpose: The purpose of the chapter is to analyze mobile learning for improving students’ English proficiency using personal electronic devices and to assess English language teaching and learning supported by electronic media and tools. Design/methodology/approach: The authors determine the definition of mobile learning, the classification of devices, the advantages and disadvantages of mobile learning. They consider mobile learning to be an advanced educational technology both in a classroom and for extracurricular lessons for Higher School students of technical specialties. The educational standards of Higher School require solving the problem of future specialists’ professional communicative skills development and the authors analyze the ability of mobile learning to meet this task because digital electronic revolution keeps us connected with almost everyone around the world and makes necessary information available anywhere, at any time. Mobile learning can be applied inside and outside the classroom using personal mobile devices. Mobile education extends the boundaries of the traditional pedagogical methods with the effective integration of technology creating a favorable learning environment. Findings: It deserves attention that the paper is written completely on the results obtained by the authors during their practical work. They created and tested the exercises with mobile learning applying on the base of “Moodle mobile” which helps teachers to meet the requirements of the constantly changing modern society demands for the professional education development. The exercises selection and systematization gives teachers an opportunity to apply them in their everyday work. They analyzed mobile teaching methods as an advanced educational technology, gave a scientific review of the mobile education benefits and its drawbacks and suggested the recommendations on the new online practice which is used in the educational environment of technical Higher Schools. The authors underlined the disadvantage that there are some teachers who have not got enough skills to work with personal electronic devices. As for students, they feel free to use them for mobile learning because it enables them to improve their English proficiency. Originality/value: Using the tasks and exercises on the base of “Moodle mobile” during the lessons, the authors really confirmed the original concept of the new mobile learning teaching methods applying in the educational activity of technical Higher Schools’ students. The authors assessed the authenticity of the practically obtained results, offered practical recommendations for the mobile learning teaching methods, and proved the necessity to integrate the mobile devices into Higher Schools’ educational programs for educational technologies modernization with the purpose to improve the English language fluency level of the future specialists.

Purpose/value: The article is devoted to productive forms of assessment in teaching English for specific purposes to students within technogenic environment. The authors investigate the assessment tools by means of technology enhanced methods as well as traditional ones that contribute to cross-cultural professional communicative competence reflected in the goal of foreign language teaching at non-linguistics universities. The main features of productive assessment are described in terms of approbation of e-courses, key characteristics of the system are given, the main conditions of the organization of educational process are revealed. Methodology: The authors describe a methodological basis for designing a productive assessment system corresponding to the specific character of technogenic society education, specifies the main functions of new tools of assessment and defines the peculiarities of that activity. The article deals with explaining the use of traditional and innovative approaches with emphasis on a learning individual’s educational content and personal softskills development. Findings: According to authors’ point of view, the use of information technologies tools as well as technology enhanced assessment are based on principles which tend to challenge traditional learning and teaching practices and thus impact on technogenic society development. On the other hand, piloting theses technologies outlined a perspective range of problems to be addressed in further research concerning Higher education.

Purpose: The purpose of the paper is to assess the life attitudes of a modern woman chief, which involve work motives and incentives, goals and means, visions of the success and issues of intention to be materialized. Design/methodology/approach: The paper offers an analysis of conceptual approaches to the study of women’s leadership issues. The background of the paper is also the findings of a sociological survey conducted at the Russian State Social University in 2019. The main research method is a computer-assisted web interviewing of women working in Russian enterprises. Also, 15 in-depth interviews were held with women filling senior positions. Findings: In the course of the paper we identified the main components of the personal and business behavior patterns of women chiefs. Finally, we concluded that the majority of women chiefs prone to a forced or mixed type of business activity. The commitment to income growth as the main incentive for climbing the career ladder is explained by the troublesome economic situation, economic crises and downfalls of recent years. A woman needs to financially assist to herself and her family, and this is the first incentive for career growth. Uniqueness/value: The theoretical summaries and conclusions presented in the article supplement the current knowledge concerning various social roles and statuses of women, specify the basic concepts of leadership theory. The findings can be useful for business chiefs, entrepreneurs, public characters and a wide range of readers.

Purpose: The relevance of this issue has been raised due to the demand for a forecast of the needs of the financial and economic segment of the market in the content and models of financial literacy in the process of achieving the national goals and strategic objectives of the development of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2024. The chapter presents an analysis of current issues of improving financial literacy, provides a detailed description of the main target groups on the basis of the Strategy for Improving Financial Literacy in the Russian Federation for the period 2017–2023, and presents the results pilot studies of a condition of financial literacy, financial competent behavior of the population and determining from factors on the example of one of the main target groups—school students. Design/methodology/approach: The authors have measured the possible financial strategies of a today’s schoolchild using a quantitative survey, as well as a semi-gamified approach. The conducted sociological research in the framework of the scientific paper “Institutionalization of financial literacy of the Russian population” is a necessary element in assessing the level of financial literacy of the population of Russia, based on the use of a set of methods to determine the level of financial literacy for developing measures to increase its effectiveness. The authors conducted a mass face-to-face survey with 731 students involved using the survey method. Senior students aged 16–18 years answered our questions. Respondents from 66 regions of the country were interviewed. Findings: The young people’s self-esteem of their own financial literacy looks quite self-critical. Hence, approximately 2/3 of the respondents surveyed consider themselves more or less financially literate (61.3%); approximately one in ten found it difficult to answer, and a little more than a quarter said “rather not” (28.7%). The possible financial strategies of a today’s schoolchild were measured using a semi-gamified approach, that is, respondents were asked an open question in the manner of Pushkin’s fairy tale of a goldfish. Originality/value: The indicators of the study base presented in this research reflect the population’s perception of financial literacy in 2019 with the aim of improving the institutionalization of the population financial literacy improvement system in the Russian Federation. The indicated author base for assessing the level of financial literacy of the Russian population can be applied for series of points.

Purpose: The aim is to assess the impact of various forms of stimulation of innovative activity on the innovative activity of companies in modern conditions of Russia, as well as to determine on this basis the opportunities and directions of innovative development of its economy. As the analysis of activity of business structures has shown, the process of solving the problems of innovative development in reality faces a number of obstacles, which are the result of the lack of effective solutions to stimulate the innovative activity of the personnel of most enterprises. The main objective of the study is to clarify the problems of innovative development and assess the effectiveness of the use of tools to stimulate innovation in the strategic aspect. Design/methodology/approach: The main research methods included: analysis of modern concepts of innovative activity, comparative analysis of the practice of innovative activity of a number of regional enterprises, method of systematization, comparative method, questionnaire, methods of quantitative and qualitative data processing. Findings: The main result of the study is the conclusion that the most important problem of the development of innovative activity of domestic enterprises is the low level of motivation of innovators, relatively high efficiency of the methods used to stimulate innovative activity of personnel. In our opinion, the problem of innovation management has a structural character, which affects the entire system of strategic innovation management. In recent decades, there have been significant changes in the sphere of entrepreneurship and development of market relations, which gave rise to an increasing level of competition and actualized the problem of innovative development and stimulation of innovative activity in the entire market landscape and the regional environment. This is also due to the toughened conditions of competition, complications in interactions with international partners, etc. The article presents the analysis of innovative activity of a number of regional enterprises, describes the ways of stimulating innovative activity of personnel, suggests the use of tools to stimulate innovative activity of personnel in the strategic aspect. Originality/value: The originality and value of the article lies in the following: characteristics of process innovation modern, motivational, economic, strategic and organizational tools, the proposed measures stimulating effect, aimed at innovative development, taking into account the existing experience of domestic enterprises, suggested ways to improve the level of innovation activity of participants of market relations to improve global competitiveness of Russian business. Paper type-research paper.

The article raises the problem of establishment and further development of modern civil society in Russia, its institutions and possible conciliation of members’ interests in the context of the income gap and various reality-reflection psycho-social matrices. The paper also pays much attention to scientific and expert discourse. Analyzing various approaches to assessing the importance of civil society development in the works of Russian and foreign researchers, the authors make an attempt to extrapolate these developments and adjust them to the conditions of modern Russia. The article proves that the problems of poverty and strong socio-economic stratification can be overcome without the development of the civil society institution in modern Russia. The authors provide the findings of the time series of VTsIOM (The All-Russian Public Opinion Research Center) polls by indices of social well-being and the number of publications on poverty issues in the Russian mass media, which show a correlation from 2012 till 2018. From the 4th quarter of 2018, the problem of media poverty is highly discussed and no longer correlates with VTsIOM research.

The purpose of the paper is to assess the economic and social feasibility of employing people with disabilities. Design/methodology/approach: The paper is of an empirical nature. We have used the questionnaire method of sociological surveys. The article has been written on the back of findings of a sociological survey on the theory of social integration. Also, we’ve applied the concept (approach) of social exclusion/inclusion. Findings: Using the obtained empirical data, we’ve proved that the prevailing trend of employment of disabled people in Russia is not economic feasibility, but the social effect. We’ve revealed a contradiction between the state’s requirement for the employer to comply with the established quotas for the provision of disabled people with jobs (from 2 to 4% of the average payroll for companies with over a hundred employees) and the actions of employers on recruitment of disabled people. Uniqueness/value: We’ve used our own sociological tools that allowed us to get unique empirical findings regarding labor accentuations of disabled people, their job expectations, and their determination to fulfill themselves in the work. The conclusions exhibit the prevailing social nature of the employment of disabled people. It has been established that people with disabilities have paternalistic attitudes and reckon upon government support, but they have incentives for working activity.

Development of scientific and technological progress at the present stage requires an increase in knowledge in the field of technology. In recent years, the interest of teachers in educational institutions to apply a differentiated approach to technological education has significantly increased. The application of the differential approach is more and more used in the process of training specialists in technological education. This article provides a theoretical justification for the application of differentiation of education as a means of improving the quality of technological education in a university. The problems of differentiated learning in the process of teaching university students are substantiated. Definition of differentiated teaching is given as a form of organization of the educational process, in which the teacher works with a group of students. Taking into account the presence of any common qualities that are significant for the educational process. An experiment was conducted in the article to determine the effectiveness of the differentiated approach for the educational process. It consists in the qualitative organization of the teacher’s pedagogical activity, the development of the content and ways of organizing-multilevel education, which ensures development of the intellectual and personal-potential of all students. Process takes into account the level of education, and their progress towards learning on higher level. The result of applying a differentiated approach in technological education is determined.

At the Nizhny Novgorod State Pedagogical University named after K. Minin uses information technology to support the educational process. The article considers approaches to creation and testing an information system for supporting the study of one of the curriculum disciplines: the structure of the information system, its content and results of testing the system in the educational process are described. The authors believe that designing the structure of an information learning system should include designing an information system. Development of an interface for working with course data, testing and course management systems, as well as programs simulating examples for each topic of the course. For this reason, the authors described the testing of the developed information system. During which the degree of motivation of students to use the information system in the process of studying was looked at. As well as the level of knowledge of students in control and experimental groups in the studied discipline were checked. Because of the data obtained during testing allow the authors to recommend the implementation of the developed information system to support the study of disciplines.

Relevance The use of labor resources represents the most important component of the management system, and the organization of an effective personnel management system. To ensure increased efficiency in the use of labor resources, it is necessary to formulate a personnel policy that gives an exact setting of all goals and objectives, characterizes the principles for the selection, placement and development of personnel. The object of this study was the manufacturing enterprise of PJSC GAZ. The subject is the methodological and practical problems associated with the reproduction of labor resources, the state and search for ways to increase economic efficiency on the example of metallurgical production of PJSC GAZ. The main objective of the study is to develop scientifically based proposals to improve the process of reproduction of labor resources, which contribute to the targeted formation, rational distribution and more efficient use of labor resources and increase production efficiency. Methods used in the process: methods of economic analysis, statistical methods, graphical method. Study results From an economic point of view, an improvement in the personnel management system should provide an increase in efficiency based on sustainable technical and organizational improvement of the organization. Implementation of proposed activities will allow the maximum use and formation of employee’s abilities in the company under study, as well as create a favorable psychological atmosphere. These economic and social goals are closely interlinked and ensure the development of PJSC GAZ. Conclusion Proposed measures will increase the stability of the economic component of PJSC GAZ. This should happen through: formation of the personnel potential of GAZ PJSC, and a strong personnel reserve; increase employee commitment, reducing staff turnover and indirect loss from it; increase the desire and interest of employees in achieving corporate goals, significant results, and development of the company; increase corporate culture, and labor productivity.

The purpose of the scientific article is to study professional guidance, professional self-determination of a future specialist and the design of a professional educational course. This issue is of particular importance in the context of the development of socio-economic systems, the modern mobility of the professional sphere and the growing requirements for professional activities. The research methodology is determined by provisions of the system, competency, activity, design, personality-oriented approaches, and the principles of professional guidance. Results As a result the theory and practice of the process of professional guidance and self-determination of an individual, a model for managing the professional and educational course of a future specialist was developed. Particular attention is paid to the stage of professional diagnostics and navigation of schoolchildren or university applicants on the basis of existing methods of professional guidance. As one of the results, a description of the electronic service format of “Personnel constructor”. In that case, it ensures management of the personal professional and educational course of the individual during the growing up period, adapting and developing depending on the interests, abilities, individual characteristics, competencies and experience of each person. The conclusions/recommendations of the study are determined by the fact that presented model, and higher education organizations can combine their efforts to form the market for applicants and get a more significant effect. At same time general education organizations get access to a consolidated information system of career guidance, interacting in an online consultation system and integrated methodological support. Thus, conditions are created in the region for the formation of sustainable professional communities - specialists of a new formation who want to work actively throughout their careers. They are able to work in the region in order to develop it.

This article is devoted to the analysis of the experience of using digital computer technologies and the principles underlying them in the system of higher education for the formation of academic competencies. The authors consider competencies in the area of abstracting and annotating texts in a foreign language, creating the basis for preparing a future specialist who is able to carry out professional and scientific activities, conduct research and present its results to the scientific community. Having considered the features of summarizing and annotating as types of verbal-communicative activity, the authors present the principles of constructing their competence-activity model, which was the foundation for developing a method of verbal action algorithms that uses the principle of phased (step-by-step) action, as a result of which the student creates a verbal-communicative product in the form of a written or oral text (abstract, abstract, report). For this, a so-called step-by-step instruction for students is developed, in which a certain sequence of verbal actions is proposed to achieve the goal. On the one hand, a step-by-step instruction is based on the principle of learning action algorithms. On the other hand, it contributes to the formation of the student’s strategic relationship to his own educational and cognitive activities. Reliance on the using of strategic thinking and the selection of optimal strategies for verbal behavior is manifested in the ability to provide comprehensive planning and organization of one’s own activity, its full implementation, objective assessment and correction of the products of this activity. The authors emphasize the advantages of using the verbal action algorithm for teaching bachelors, masters and postgraduate students and refer to the feedback of teachers and students’ assessments obtained as a result of the questionnaire, which allows us to conclude that the using of programming principles helps to improve the quality of formed academic competencies.

This article discusses the latest trends in the digitalization and computerization of education today, which contribute to the overall process of introducing modern technologies into education, as a process of a stable global trend, which entails an improvement in the content, forms and approaches to learning and in general throughout the education system. Particular attention is paid to the use of electronic testing schemes in the classroom while teaching foreign languages. The article also analyzes the process of teaching English in higher education institutions in the context of digitalization of modern society. Forms of this activity, such as online learning and classroom teaching, are considered. The comparative analysis of both forms of teaching is carried out, their advantages and disadvantages are revealed in the light of the rapid development of innovative technologies, computer systems and artificial intelligence. The reasons for the crisis in the existing classroom form of teaching English and the growing popularity of language learning in the online space are analyzed. The prospects for developing classroom and online language teaching are outlined. Recommendations are given on how to effectively combine both forms of teaching in the process of teaching professional English to university students in an ever-changing professional and business environment. Digitization of education in the area of teaching a foreign language implies providing students with opportunities to improve their knowledge of a foreign language through the use of a huge number of paid and free resources. The introduction of online courses and the support of courses with an online component are gaining high popularity around the world. The online component provides an opportunity to practice the skills formed during the implementation of the main part of the discipline, thereby taking out the old teaching method. A wide range of proposed innovations will help to solve the tasks set by the society in terms of training highly qualified personnel in the future.

This study is devoted to such an urgent issue as the development of a concept for improving the teaching system of the discipline “History (Russian History, General History)” at the State University of Management, using the “inverted class” pedagogical technology as an example. In the modern world, recently there has become a need for a significant expansion of the digitalization of education. Russian educational institutions, acting in accordance with Russian legislation, are forced to introduce digital technologies in the organization of training. In these circumstances, the necessary transformation of the model of classical education becomes the primary task of every teacher and teacher. It’s very important to create a completely new educational environment using the latest digital technologies that meets the needs and requirements of students. Mostly, teachers and educators need to pay attention to the development of content for various platforms and also update tasks on each topic of the course. In the new conditions, teachers should pay special attention to conducting video conferences, video lectures, webinars, and other classes online. The concept of improving the system of teaching the discipline “History”, which is proposed in the article, is based on practical experience identified in the analysis of the questionnaire of teachers and students, which was carried out in February of the current school year. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that earlier at the State University of Management and, especially for the teaching of the discipline “History”, the teaching technology, which is called the “inverted class”, wasn’t applied. The results obtained during the implementation of this research work are mostly recommendatory in nature and should be tested in the near future.

The purpose of the work is to justify the definition, positioning and use of management resources on the basis of a corporate digital platform that provides their formation, adaptation and application in processes, systems and mechanisms of targeted impact of a modern organization. The research presented in the paper is based on formulation, adaptation and use of the concept of continuous development of management potential, adapting and applying process, system and complex approaches on the basis of mobilization of possibilities of the corporate digital platform. Selection for statement and a combination of application of classical and innovative approaches to carrying out the research provide the constructive organization and effective creation of accumulation, processing and presentation of the accumulated information, development, approbation and adaptation of concepts, substantiation and formulation of the main conclusions and concrete recommendations presented by the present publication. Highlighted provisions, construction logic and key research results presented in this publication clearly illustrate the analysis carried out, the developments received and the proposals formulated based on their results by examples of the formation, mobilization and use of social resources of management of organizations based on the opportunities and prospects of corporate digital platform development. The analysis of the formation and use of management resources is carried out in the format of case studies and mechanisms for setting and solving a number of functional and complex tasks, adaptation and application of the produced impacts. The content of conclusions, findings and recommendations presented by the publication of the study determines priorities, procedures and opportunities for the formation and use of management resources in digital formats of development of corporate platforms of modern organizations. It allows to give the adequate conclusion on an estimation of a modern condition, complexity and constructiveness of the solution of investigated problems on which results to prove and formulate a complex of the conclusions and the offers providing working out and realization of the basic trends of innovations and some components of forecasting of prospects of strategic development of formation and use of resources of management on the basis of digital corporate platforms.

The article is devoted to the issues of preparing future specialists for intercultural professional interaction in the context of the development of the global digital economy. As part of rapidly evolving standards in this area, issues are urgently needed that require detailed consideration. Namely: What is the role of education in the digital age? What modern teaching methods have already been introduced, and what else can be introduced into the educational process? One of the significant competencies for the implementation of professional and sociocultural activities remains the competence of communicative communication. In order to solve communication problems in an interpersonal and intercultural format, the specialist’s ability to write written communication in a foreign language is distinguished. Proficiency in a foreign language as an important tool for professionally oriented training, knowledge of the format of document texts and practical skills acquired during the training process make it possible to more effectively carry out professional activities in modern economic conditions. The relevance of the study is determined by the many difficulties that specialists face in the course of working with various types of electronic documentation. The study used empirical methods such as observation, experiment, analysis, study and generalization. The article presents the results of a study of the level of preparation of a future specialist for written communication in a foreign language in the professional sphere. An attempt was made to identify the degree of preparedness of students for intercultural foreign-language written business communication in electronic format, to consider the specifics of linguistic and related difficulties. The research prospects lie in the further implementation of modern educational technologies, focused on the widespread use of active teaching methods, which contribute to deepening the professional specialization of the educational process in the era of the digital economy.

The relevance of the problem under study is due to the need for digital transformation of management in Russia in the context of improving the legal regulation of countering dangerous infringements of information rights and the insufficient development of theoretical, substantive, technological and scientific-conceptual aspects of the formation of a legal concepts base for their applicability in legal constructions. The purpose of the article is to develop scientifically sound and verified practice of terminology in the field of research on countering dangerous attacks on children’s information rights and testing them for use in the course of improving Russian legislation and so on. The leading method for studying this problem is the formal legal method, which allows us to consider this problem as a process of deliberate and conscious mastering by children of knowledge, skills and abilities to carry out information and legal actions in the digital sphere only if their information security is fully ensured. The article presents the author’s concept of digital rights and children’s information interests; The scientific foundations of their implementation in the context of digital transformation of management in Russia are revealed. The developed theoretical provisions and proposals for improving the legislation are aimed at adapting minors to new conditions of governance in the information society and are focused on the development by the legal science and practice of scientific and methodological support for the legal regulation of counteraction to dangerous encroachments on children’s information rights.

The relevance of the article is due to the introduction of the Digital Economy program in city management, which should bring the life of Russians to a qualitatively new level by 2024. There are legal prerequisites for improving the quality of life in cities using IT technologies. Digitalization improves the system of monitoring the state of the environment, makes it possible to ensure the sustainability of the ecosystem of individual municipalities and the city as a whole. An analysis of the existing system of environmental monitoring shows that it is not effective enough because it captures a large number of scattered indicators for various natural objects, but does not recreate a holistic picture of the state of the environment in a particular municipality. Software implementation of the municipal level geoportal can be carried out on the basis of the computing power and service equipment of the municipal formation or using SaaS-applications based on cloud technologies that provide the ability to use software products of the regional or federal level. As sensor technologies develop and spread, and their cost decreases, it becomes possible not only to connect each natural component to the observing system, but also to more effectively restore, create and transform urban natural objects. However, the shortage of IT specialists adapted to the biological field, the lack of biologists who are adept at computer technology, the insufficient training of people who have to work with new equipment, create obstacles to the introduction of digital technologies in the practice of creating a comfortable urban environment. The purpose of the article is to help overcome the traditional thinking of environmental specialists who prefer the usual means of visualization to modern methods of observation and evaluation, and to develop scientifically based and verified practice of new techniques and means for training specialists combining knowledge of IT technologies and knowledge of the biological cycle sciences. The leading research method is the formal legal method, which allows us to consider this problem as a process of deliberate and conscious mastery of environmental knowledge, skills and abilities by specialists to carry out information and legal actions in digital form, subject to environmental safety and within the framework of the law. The article presents the author’s solution of environmental problems on the basis of the implementation of an automated exchange between interested subjects: territorial bodies of federal executive bodies, local governments, property administrations. Theoretical principles and proposals have been developed to improve environmental legislation and environmental education, aimed at intensifying the training of IT specialists adapted to the biological field, biologists capable of working with computer programs and applications, i.e. people who have to service new equipment to introduce digital technologies into the practice of creating a comfortable urban environment.

Purpose theoretical and methodological interdisciplinary study of migration regulation methods taking into account the global trends of development and practice-oriented strategic modeling, empirical migration indicators. Design/methodology/approach the methodology of study is based on the polyparadigmatic concept of interdisciplinary research using scientific and practical experience in studying the migration processes and the practice of possible impact on their regulation. Findings the methods of study were developed, namely sociopolitical forecasting of migration risks, ranking of sociological and politological indicators of migration processes, typification of immigrants. A comparative political and legal model for adaptation/integration of immigrants was developed taking into account the methodological approaches to regulation of the migration processes in the Russian society, country-specific approaches and international standards for regulation of migration, as well as the mechanisms of human rights protection and the tasks of migration risks minimization Originality/value The scope corresponds to the optimization of legitimate instruments of state, municipal and public regulation of sociopolitical problems related to harmonization of the interests of civil society strata within the regions of the Russian Federation. Predictive proposals for development of the object of study: it is advisable to monitor the level of regional conflictogenity; an analysis of the migration processes regulation and migration management can be used to develop the model legislation of the CIS member states, as well as to implement the provisions of the Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration in the Russian Federation.

As a result of the research the following spheres of influence of virtual environment on the university were defined: professional, environmental, functional. Exogenous and endogenous factors of information and communication technologies affecting universities were identified. In order to increase the efficiency of the educational process in the university it was proposed to introduce SMART-complexes of disciplines. The structure of SMART-complexes of disciplines is established, consisting of the following modules: definition of the level of learning, assessment of learning efficiency, content for adaptive learning, tasks for adaptive learning, a set of databases for storing learning profiles, a knowledge base with a mechanism for logical output. Detailed components of the educational SMART-complexes guide students in their learning activities to correctly find the tasks that are most appropriate and necessary at present, to effectively define strategies and methods of learning, taking into account their personal factors. A methodology for assessing the digitalization level of a university based on fuzzy logic as a tool for managing processes of the digital transformation of the educational process is proposed. The following groups of indicators were identified to assess the digitalization level of the university: digital literacy of teachers, digital literacy of students and digitalization of the educational process. Assessing the digitalization level of the university will reveal the strengths and weaknesses of the educational process, justify the necessary effective management decisions. The main directions of state policy for digitalization of education have been defined. The need to create a comprehensive national system for the development of digital literacy, combining the efforts of academic and non-formal education on the basis of public-private partnership has been stressed. The most important function of traditional higher education institutions remains the socialization of students, so in order to improve the quality of education, it is appropriate to use mixed learning through various forms of education.

Digitalization of the environment, active use of gadgets, the quality of available information content affects the formation of mental processes of young people. Understanding the features of mental and behavioral structures in modern youth is extremely important, since soon it is this generation that will determine the socio-economic development of society. The novelty of the work consists in a systematic presentation of scientific and applied research in the field of changes in cognitive and behavioral structures in relation to generation Z, which is currently the object of close attention of the scientific and business communities. The aim of the work is to study the cognitive and behavioral orientations of generation z representatives. The research methodology consists of applying meta-analysis of secondary data reflecting the results of foreign and domestic research in the field of neurophysiology over the past few years. Additionally, an initial study was conducted using a random sample of representatives of the corresponding target audience, as well as using the “snowball” method. The result of a comprehensive study was the confirmation of the hypothesis of changes in the structure of thought processes and social communication in representatives of generation Z under the influence of digital environment factors. The author offers recommendations for the development of rules of life in the digital space, which will contribute to the preservation of mental and social health of young people.

This article is about innovative technology of digital marketing, which allows communicating successfully with producers of goods with consumers at the stage of making a purchasing decision in order to increase sales of goods and services. The specifics of the purchasing decision-making process in the online environment at all its stages are described, the theoretical justification for the inclusion in the digital purchasing decision-making process of a blogger purposefully using the socio-psychological mechanisms of empathy and identification, is described. The result of it is an additional stimulating effect on the consumer when he became acquainted with a particular product. The results of the author’s empirical study proving the effect of these mechanisms in the process of making a purchasing decision are presented. It’s described that, provided to the subject to the actualization of the buyer’s conscious needs, the blogger creates the unconscious needs of the recipients that affect the consumer’s interest in the product, and, as a result, the level of willingness to purchase goods increases. At the same time, the corresponding emotion of the blogger is transmitted to the potential consumer, which leads to an increase in the likelihood of buying a product. The scientific novelty of this technology lies in the fact that for the first time it has been theoretically described and practically proved the feasibility of using socio-psychological mechanisms at certain stages of the decision to purchase in digital marketing. It’s empirically proven for the first time that the targeted use by a blogger, a reference person, of the totality of the socio-psychological mechanisms of empathy and identification at the time of contact with a potential buyer increases the buyer’s willingness to purchase the appropriate product. This is the substantial essence of this online digital marketing technology, which allows to increase sales in the future by influencing the consumer of a reference personality, acting as a symbolic intermediary between manufacturers of goods and representatives of the target audience in the process of making a purchasing decision. The article provides a theoretical justification for the action of this online marketing technology empirically proves the relationship between the using of this technology and the level of willingness of a potential consumer to make a purchase, gives practical recommendations to manufacturers of goods to increase sales.

The article describes the findings of the research into the Russian and international practices of building the higher education quality assessment system. The issue of building of national higher education quality assessment system based on the modern challenges faced by the contemporary higher education system and the best international practices gained in external and internal quality assessment system development are examined. The article is part of the commissioned research conducted by the Financial University in accordance with the order of the Government in 2018.

This article is devoted to research of potential, new discussed problems of iterations of digital transformations and their influence on human capital. The research is aimed at systematization and justification of key iterations of digital transformations of human capital in the development of economic growth drivers. Results: (1) The terminological apparatus of the concept “human capital” is revealed. (2) The main trend iterations of digital transformations, their properties and degree of influence on the transformation of human capital are considered. (3) The author’s concept of the four-level model of interrelation of building an effective model of adaptation of human capital in conditions of transformation of the nature of work is presented. (4) The neoclassical paradigm describing iterations of digital transformations of human capital, consisting of structural and logical processes influencing the growth of economy, is proposed.

The purpose of the article is to substantiate the “digital potential of the university”, as well as the principal methodology for its assessment. The authors understand this term as the ability of the university to use advanced digital technologies in the production and transfer of new knowledge, as well as to make educational and scientific achievements in the digital economy and artificial intelligence. The author’s methodology for investigating this phenomenon lies in the system-dynamic approach to the consistent description of internal and external factors of developing the university’s digital potential, forms of unlocking it and predicting fundamental prospects of further development. The key finding of the article is the author’s presentation of the structure of the modern university’s digital potential, as well as the principal method of its assessment. This technique can be used in the monitoring of university performance conducted by the Ministry of Science of Russia, as well as in independent assessment operations by civil society institutions.

The purpose of this article, analyzing the core of digitalizing the education process, is a review of the extent of students’ readiness for starting a new platform and for taking part in the education process that is based on the use of information and communication technologies and digital technology. As the subject of analysis, the authors chose the sphere of studying a foreign language as an academic subject in the framework of a higher education program, in which digitalization causes an ambiguous attitude, both from students and the teaching community. Overcoming the negative attitude towards the digitalization of teaching foreign languages is one of the prerequisites for considering this issue. Recalling the work of IT specialists, the authors describe the basic directions for digitalizing. The first is the development of information sources (content). The next is the formation of telecommunication system (interaction). And the third direction is an organization of education process (management). In considering the term «psychological readiness», the authors rely on psychological research, in which scientists explored the use of this term in different kinds of activity. When the authors explored the nature of psychological readiness, they conducted a survey and analyzed the students’ written works. As a result they got some information that shows the level of students’ readiness for digitalizing education. That has led to a series of findings which confirmed that in general students treat the digital revolution in education system in a positive way. But they should be more active, autonomous and well-organized for full and effective functioning in the new environment. The article includes specific recommendations for the organization of education process aimed at language acquisition in the new environment: learning and realizing what digital revolution is, gradual entry into digital education platform, psychological preparation for the new learning conditions on a transitional stage and the support of educational technology referred to as «Blended Learning».

The formation and development of the ecosystem in the personnel management (HR-ecosystem) of the organization are discussed in the context of the active functioning of the digital economy. The concept of HR-ecosystem, goals, objectives and key elements of the system are investigated. The main attention is paid to the characteristics of goals, objectives and key elements of the system as applied to adaptation in the digital economy. The authors showed that the most striking example is ecosystems which formed and gained the development in large banking organizations in Russia. Organizations are forced to use the services of partner companies for the formation and development of the HR ecosystem enter into agreements with other companies in various fields of activity and create new subsidiaries within their organizational structure. The article shows the currently implemented and dynamically developing areas of ecosystem use. The article also discusses the concept of corporate health of employees as a necessary element of the organization’s ecosystem. This term includes the formation of well-being, the development of conditions for communication, the creation of favorable conditions for the development of leisure and hobbies, the active functioning of the personnel training system, the inclusion of career management mechanisms for employees, and the provision of conditions to support the physical and mental health of employees of the organization. Personnel management mechanisms of various employment models are proposed: employees, freelancers, and gig workers.

The Constitution of the Russian Federation guarantees labor and health protection, State protection from unemployment, a minimum wage and support for the disabled and elderly. Constitutional guarantees of protection against unemployment are implemented in Act No. 1032-1 of 19 April 1991 “On Employment in the Russian Federation” (hereinafter referred to as the Employment Act). By Protocol No. 16 of 24 December 2018, the Presidium of the Presidential Council for Strategic Development and National Projects has been approved and is currently implementing the National Project (Programs) “Labor Productivity and Employment Support”. One of the objectives of the project was to improve the efficiency of the State Employment Services (hereinafter—SES), which are operative and active in order to prevent possible risks of unemployment and inefficient employment. The planned activities are aimed at modernizing and standardizing processes in the field of employment, updating and intensifying interaction between labor market participants: employers, employees, employment agencies, educational organizations and other participants. Informal forms of employment generated by information technology (distance work, remote work, etc.) broaden the horizons of the labor market for job seekers. This requires employment agencies in various constituent entities of the Russian Federation to adopt new approaches in their work. One of the solutions to these problems may be the creation of a service for the provision of public services, the performance of public functions in the field of employment promotion in the form of the Unified Integrated System of Employment Services (hereinafter—UIS).

The article describes the features of human capital formation and its interaction with the labor market in the conditions of digitalization on the example of Sughd Region of the Republic of Tajikistan. The purpose of the article is theoretical grounding of peculiarities of human capital formation and its realization on the labor market as a factor of region growth. The methodological base of the research includes system and graphical-analytic methods of analysis, the use of which will allow to approach scientifically grounded development of recommendations on effective realization of human capital potential on the labor market of the region with the purpose of ensuring full employment. Trends in the development of the regional labor market and structural changes in the composition of the labor force are analyzed, and a detailed analysis of the components of the human development index in Sughd is made, which reflects the processes taking place and determines their dynamic and structural characteristics. The dynamics of expenditures of the region’s budget on human capital development is studied. It has been proved that the misalignment in economic policy leads to a structural mismatch between demand and supply in the system of training and employment of qualified personnel, which has a negative impact on the final indicators of the regional economy. The results of the research can serve as a basis for developing strategic plans for regional development and state regulation of the country’s labor market.

Purpose The purpose of the article is to present a strategic marketing approach to crafting marketing strategies of the company development (MSCD) in an emerging digital environment. Methodology Based on the sources of academic research on the information revolution, the author highlights a set of strategic rules for the MSCD using the adapted Rogers’s model of the digital transformation; investigates the possibility of overcoming previously identified the methodological contradictions of strategic marketing in relation to the requirements of the digital market; and clarifies the terminology in the field of business digitalization (BD) taking into account differencies of the two market-oriented behavioral models and the typology of value creation system (VCS). Findings From the standpoint of modern strategic marketing and in view of earlier author’s research findings: 1. A change in the CEO's point of view from the positioning the company in the industry to the developing VCS as a starting point for initializing the process of BD is proposed. 2. The boundaries of the strategic continuum of BD are set. 3. The model of the digital MSCD is proposed, considered in view of the scale of BD and differences in VCS. Conclusions The digital economy enhances the role and importance of an organizational strategy. The information revolution is waiting for new systemic and cultural challenges for the BD. MSCD have become the object of modelling the market-oriented behavior of customer ecosystem actors and a tool for configuration and recombination of value flows in “constellations” at the macro, meso, and micro levels of the digital economy.

The rapid pace of development of information and communication technologies, the Internet, etc. is one of the key factors of globalization and determines the vector of progress to a new economy and civil society. The development that is being formed is called the digital (information) economy. Digitalization (Informatization) begins there and then, when its data changes people’s behavior, their choice, and affects the comfort of human life. This equalization of social opportunities for access to the modern world, the displacement of people from solving simple problems. If there is enough data, the decision can be made automatically, without human intervention. As a result, happens a decrease in subjectivity during decision management, and an increase in the speed of their enactment. The goal of this research is to identify the features of new socio-economic relations that arise in the process of management and to elaborate separate provisions for the development of electronic services in the digital economy. Results: 1. It is found out that modern information processes actualize the problems and methods of organizing the economy and the community to ensure sustainable development. 2. The analysis showed that the development of electronic services is also accompanied by the creation of new transaction costs in information protection, identity protection, user identification, distortion and loss of information, etc. The analysis of the relationship between government authorities, business structures and civil society in the digital economy should begin with methodological approaches to research transaction outlays that arise in the process of these relationships.

The decisions necessary for urgent adjustment of the strategy during the budget period, as well as those associated with “negative” economic activity, are classified. Four critical points, five intervals of production volumes, dynamics of the financial result behavior by the methods of Absorption and Direct costing, and decision-making on prices, financial results and decisions of the type “to be or not to be” were investigated. Classified solutions decisions necessary for urgent adjustment of the strategy during the budget period, as well as related to «negative» economic activity. Researched four critical points, five intervals of production volumes, the dynamics of the behavior of the financial result by the methods of Absorption and Direct costing, and decision-making on prices, financial results and decisions of the type «to be or not to be».

Issues of social orientation and economic orientation have always been and remain among the priority areas of development. One of the main tools for solving social problems is housing construction and construction of social facilities. In addition, the need for housing is constantly growing due to positive changes in the structure of the population and its migration across the territory of the Russian Federation. Construction and modernization of social facilities refers to the most important task for the Russian Federation. Significant position at all stages of the property’s life cycle is determined by the state, and therefore the main source of funding for the implementation of this task is the budget allocations of the Federal budget. One of the problematic aspects of the construction process that affects the effectiveness of the entire project is the management and interaction of participants. The main solution to this difficulty is to apply information modeling methodology. In this regard, it is necessary to form and implement an organizational and economic mechanism for managing the process of coordinated work of all participants in social projects. As part of the creation of such a mechanism, a classifier of management and information interaction can act, which will allow all industry participants to most effectively determine how to solve the tasks and increase the effectiveness of the entire project. The article defines the main criteria for evaluating the proposed classifier. Among others, it is necessary to take a breakdown of management functions into subfunctions depending on the purpose of the social facilities, which in turn will allow the use of several models of management technologies, taking into account the configuration and type of social facility, based on a synopsis of information about the project.

Currently, there is a shift in the focus of socio-economic development from the macro level to the sectoral and regional levels. The need to study the trends and conditions of regional development, including the study of the features of the agglomeration effect, is of particular importance. Systematization of scientific ideas about the methodological aspects of the functioning and development of territorial entities is necessary, first of all, to justify decisions on the spatial distribution of productive forces in the context of the state, industry, region. The analysis of approaches to the definition of the content and essence of the concepts “territory”, “space” and “region” showed that these categories are closely interrelated with each other, but do not reflect all the modern requirements and features of regional development. Therefore, the authors justify the need to use the concept of “regional spatial system”, which allows for a deeper study of the synergistic features of the agglomeration effect within a specific territory. The study of the agglomeration effect in the Federal districts of the Russian Federation revealed a steady trend of growth in the urban population due to a reduction in the rural population. At the same time, there is a positive dynamics of the increase in large cities against the background of a decrease in medium and small cities. This circumstance can be considered as an actual manifestation of the agglomeration effect, which has both positive (from the point of view of the growth of productive forces) and negative sides (from the point of view of economic security). It is concluded that in order to solve the strategic tasks of effective and safe development of modern regional spatial systems, it is necessary not only quantitative growth (through further agglomeration), but also qualitative integration of all organizational, technical and socio-economic components of the system.

The authors consider the limits of the efficiency of integration of enterprises in the framework of globalization and of the variety of economic relations of producers in the modern market. Integration processes are typical for a market economy that seeks to minimize costs to maximize profits. The authors present the characteristics of the integration with regard to its determination into property. Also the characteristic of globalization, on essence and the contents similar to integration is given. The authors consider the factors of integration in the global world, the impact of which limits the growth of integrated systems, regardless of whether they are built within a single enterprise or within other different economic entities, including interstate integration. The authors believe that the limit values characterize the process of integration, including the dynamics of marginal utility and the dynamics of decreasing productivity are equally applicable to describe the models of integration growth. On the basis of the Gauss model and the theory of fuzzy sets, a model of the marginal efficiency of integration with the construction of the author’s model for assessing the consequences of integration growth that are not comparable in physical units is proposed. The authors show the optimal point of integration in the context of globalization and a model for assessing the degree of monopolization of the company as a negative result of integration.

Introduction At the moment, a significant period of time has passed since the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as the RF) embarked on the path of democratic transformation, which has made the significant adjustments to all spheres of the state’s life. Currently, the RF is actively developing market relations and market principles of procurement; the planned economy and the command-administrative relations which regulated it have already been left in the distant past. In the context of Russia’s economic development and financial stability, it was necessary to create a quality mechanism for distributing and regulating trade in the country. In this case, an effective “tool” was the contract procurement system with all its components, which allowed the national economy to reach a new modern level of development. The rapid development of digital technologies in the world leads to an intensive transformation of the entire system of public relations. The technological changes also require greater flexibility in the procurement system. Now we can see how the traditional methods of conducting the procurement procedures are increasingly taking a back seat, giving way to the electronic procurement procedures. Under the influence of these processes, the system of public procurement in the Eurasian Economic Union began to develop. The purpose of the work: to study the characteristics, value, the positive aspects of the methods of selecting the executors of the order by e-environment in the contract procurement system of Russia, the state procurement of economic entities in the countries of the EAEU, the information support of the contract procurement system in Russia and the EAEU countries; to identify the existing problems in the contract purchasing system on the EAEU market; to study and adopt the foreign experience in electronic procurement. Methods: the methods of systematicity, analysis, and comparative law are used. Results: the authors’ well-founded position is based on the legislation and the opinion of the scientific community on the current opportunities for electronic and information support of the contract procurement system in the EAEU. For a systematic and practical update of the legal rules governing the electronic procurement procedures, as well as the overall unified procurement information system, it is necessary to create an initial legislative base from which in the future, it would be possible to start, change and supplement it, adhering to a gradual approach, rather than a cardinal one. The international experience in the implementation of public procurement in various countries shows the missing points in the Russian contract system, as well as provides for the introduction of new methods and approaches to the organization of relations in public procurement in the EAEU countries. Conclusion: the existence of a unified procurement information system, electronic platforms, and electronic procurement undoubtedly contain a number of positive aspects: the level of competition increases, the price to be paid from the budget is lower, the interference in the relevant procedures of the commission members is reduced, the corruption risks and the risk of collusion are drastically reduced, and the entire procurement process is more transparent. Public procurement is an important part of the economic structure of the EEU member states. In this regard, it is necessary to remove the obstacles in the internal market of the union. There are a number of issues and areas that the countries still need to work on. At the same time, the experience of foreign countries and the EU countries considered by the authors in the paper is very tempting, but it is not necessary to blindly adopt all the possibilities of the world’s electronic and information procurement systems.

Purpose: Solving the problem of uncertainty of the economic consequences of the traditional and innovative societies, which hinders justified decisions in the sphere of traditions and innovations during state and corporate management, through specification of the economic essence and notions of innovations and traditions, as well as opposing traditional and innovative societiees from the positions of economic consequences depending on the economic systems’ financial position. Design/methodology/approach: Comparative analysis and correlation analysis are used for finding the differences in the value of the Global Competitiveness Index 4.0, happiness index, and sustainable development index, as well as differences in their correlation with the Global Innovation Index in innovative economies (developed and developing countries with the highest values of the Global Innovation Index) and traditional economies (developing countries with low values of the Global Innovation Index). The research is performed based on the data as of early 2020. Findings: The authors find substantial differences in the consequences of innovations management in the traditional and innovative economies by the level of The Global Competitiveness Index 4.0, level of society’s happiness, and sustainability of development depending on the economic systems’ financial position. Also, differences in dependence of these characteristics on innovations management are found. Originality/value: It is determined that innovations in economics (unlike other socio-humanitarian sciences) are not directly opposite to traditions, but have a lot of common features. In particular, traditions and innovations are the strategic tools of state and corporate management socio-economic systems’ management.

Purpose: Systematizing the existing conceptual approaches to studying the influence of a country’s financial position on its innovative activities and compiling the paradigm modern treatment. Design/methodology/approach: Correlation analysis is used for determining the consequences of innovations in all considered aspects and for determining the differences between developed countries (by the example of the OECD countries with the highest values of the Global Innovation Index) and developing countries (by the example of BRICS countries as the most progressive countries) in 2020. Findings: The results of the performed research show that the existing conceptual approaches to study of innovations are correct and reflect different aspects of innovations. However, there are substantial differences between developed and developing countries, which show that the consequences of innovations are largely determined by the financial position of the country in which they are performed. Originality/value: It is proved that the quality of innovations that is connected to their ability to be a mechanism of crisis management (not found in developed or developing countries) cannot be considered a universal characteristic of innovations and should not be included into their basic definition; it is a separate case, which is observed in a strictly specified context. A paradigm modern treatment of innovations is offered—it reflects their universal qualities, proved in the course of the research, and conditions during which they are observed.

Development of the digital economy and usage of new IT and the necessity for collection, processing, storing, and exchange of Big Data led to transformation of corporate marketing in the changed conditions of the external and internal environment. The main trends of development of marketing according to the technological modes are shown; Marketing 3.0 of the Fifth mode is analyzed; the necessity for developing and implementing digital marketing is substantiated, and its advantages as compared to traditional marketing are considered. Transformation of marketing in the digital economy does not influence the scientific and practical foundations of marketing. The directions (tasks) of marketing activities, which cover the whole life cycle of a product from development to consumption, remain unchanged. Digital marketing uses the terms, methodology, concepts, and principles of management of traditional marketing. Also, transformation of new types of activities takes place in traditional marketing: e-commerce, online advertising, etc.; conditions for simultaneous usage of information resources of the digital economy and the objects of marketing activities with the opportunities for their modernization in the process of usage and exchange are created. Usage of digital IT in marketing allows improving the assortment policy and increasing the sales volumes. The main directions of development of financial digital marketing in Russia are formulated: increase of the number and improvement of quality of specialists training in the sphere of marketing activities, development of strategies of diversification; mastering of production of new goods, services, and markets; development and improvement of marketing technologies; increase of technical equipment of marketing services; improvement of marketing activities.

Modern companies often use digital marketing technologies for promoting their products. The purpose of this paper is to increase the competitive advantages of marketing companies by means of application of the system of project management in digital marketing. Development of the system of marketing services, including digital services, reached a stage when companies—within their budget—have to implement several separate projects, and companies’ activities are largely based on services on implementation of separate projects. Thus, the problems of integration of projects into a common system of company management come to the foreground. Integration could be performed with the help of inclusion of the methods of project management in the system of company management. Within digital marketing, project management includes the following spheres of knowledge: managing project’s contents, terms, quality, human resources, communications, risks, and supplies; integration of projects, which is connected to the marketing activities. Application of the system of project management during promotion of a product in the digital market leads to increase of company’s competitiveness, increase of effectiveness of management, growth of efficiency of works on achievement of the project’s goals, and attraction of new customers and investments. The global practice shows that implementing the system of management of marketing projects allows reducing project costs by 35% on average.

The changes in the intellectualization of information processes of business and organizations that have occurred in recent years require the adequate transformation of modern educational environment. Information processes in educational organizations have a number of features, which have a significant impact on their automation. This is primarily due to the fact that in them the main “production” process—the learning process, is an information process that is intimately intertwined with the information management processes of the organization. The article analyzes the existing digitalization experience of educational and managerial processes, and the possibility of their integration. The analysis revealed the lack of interconnection between the parameters of the existing university management automation systems and the department-level information processes, which in recent years have endured very significant changes in the direction of complicating and increasing the volume of information. Meanwhile, the educational process and educational process management are integrated at the cathedral level. The university departments rightly classify the number of so-called intellectual organizations, the effective activity of which in modern conditions should be based on the maximum possible using of the capabilities of modern digital technologies. Based on the analysis, a new methodological approach to the formation of a fully functional digitalization system of the chair activity of Russian universities was developed and presented. This approach is considered in the context of the concept of a “smart department”, which is proposed by the authors, that is, a department, whose activities are supported by an integrated automation system for all information processes at the department level. Consideration is given to the concept of “smart department” on the basis of creation of digital applications, which cover all areas of its information activity. The authors have described the conceptual model of a “smart department”, that is, a department whose activities are supported by the totality of modern digital applications.

Social and economic development of any country depends largely on digitization. The digital form of information replaced informatization—in the form of Big Data—which influenced the economic processes of each country and its subjects. This paper is devoted to the global issue of digitization, which is very important for development of each country’s economy. The authors consider the position of regions in the conditions of digitization and development of the program “Digital economy in the Russian Federation” and built an integral indicator for evaluating the technological readiness of regions for the digital economy, based on which groups of regions with similar values of the aggregated index are distinguished. Special attention is paid to multi-criterial groups for evaluating the level of development of own program of development of the digital economy for federal districts. Structural analysis is used for evaluating the main barriers for development of the program “Digital economy” in regions and country on the whole. The obtained results could be used by statisticians, economists, and sociologists for studying the top-priority directions of development of each group of regions.

This article introduces business changes due to the development of the digital economy. The differences between the digital economy of today and the pre-digital era are identified and justified, the main business models are reviewed and classified, and the main drivers of changes in modern business are highlighted. The analysis showed that in all definitions of the concept of a business model, it is common that the authors use a process (rather than a functional) approach to management, and include in the business model the key factors by which the company creates value for the client and provides most competitiveness, relying mainly on environmental factors. If you look at the digital economy from the point of view of new business models, the main idea is the transition from a product to a service model, in which the object of sale and consumption becomes not only and not so much the product itself, but the services provided to the user in connection with this product. In traditional business models, there are factors that limit the ability of effective interaction between market participants. From which we can conclude that the transition to a digital economy model throughout the world and, in particular, in Russia and the Volgograd region is accompanied by fundamentally new, qualitative changes in socio-economic relations at the level of business structures. Traditional businesses have to change and learn to use modern technology to remain competitive and survive. Indeed, using digital technologies, enterprises will be able to achieve increased labor productivity, reduced production costs, improved quality, accelerated the process of new products entering the market.

Purpose: the purpose of research is to examine the legal status of foreign nationals who are released from imprisonment, in respect of whom decisions are made by a competent federal executive body on the undesirability of their stay (residence) in the Russian Federation, with a view to improving legislation on the legal status of foreign nationals. Design/methodology/approach: the goal of research was achieved through the use of general scientific and specific scientific research methods, comprehensive, complete and objective analysis of statistical data, as well as domestic and foreign statutory regulations existing in the law enforcement practice. Findings: the conclusions about the uniform trends in domestic legal thought and law-making practice in respect of criminal activity of ethnic groups conducting their activities both in and outside Russia have been formulated. The need to reintroduce the concept of “recidivist” into penal legislation, and, accordingly, enhance legal measures against foreign nationals who served a custodial sentence, has been justified. Originality/value: The poorly elaborated migration policy allows international crime to invade our state, which is the main external cause of the increase in crimes committed by foreign nationals. Studying quantitative and qualitative characteristics of recidivism of foreign nationals contributes to the development of a crime prevention system, which exerts significant influence on the decrease in recidivism, reduces the burden on the penal system, prevents the criminalization of an individual and ultimately contributes to a decline in crime in society.

Sufficient conditions like a sign of functions of boundedness of solutions of a first-order linear implicit Volterra-Stieltjes integro-differential equation on the semiaxis if the derivative of the increasing function in which integration is performed, may have discontinuities in certain points of the semiaxis. The method of rearrangement of equations, the method of weight functions and cutoff functions, and the method of integration by parts are explicated. An illustrative example is made.

The paper presents an analysis of geopolitical interests of Russia in respect of the conditions of digital economy development throughout the world and identifies the measures for maintenance of national security at the level of state policy, which include: (1) The theoretical and methodological block that proposes the introduction into the scientific circulation of the new concept of “geo-digital interests”, which allows to define them in relation to the strategy of public administration in Russia. The authors proposed the basic principles for identifying Russian geo-digital interests, and also considered measures to correct the development strategy of the Russian digital economy in terms of supporting the domestic digital industry based on a synthesis of foreign experience and their own scientific, technical and strategic developments. (2) The organizational and economic block, within the framework of which it’s recommended to provide in state programs of socio-economic development of Russia targeted funding for the training of digital consultants, aimed at improving the innovativeness and efficiency of managerial, supporting and production processes in organizations, through the targeted implementation of digital tools. One of the original solutions proposed by the authors to increase the competitiveness of Russian industrial enterprises is the organization of “living offices”, units that rely on the effectiveness of their activities on human potential. (3) Support for positive social and creative trends emerging in Russia in recent years, which include increased investment in the educational and technological areas, stimulation of publication and patent activity, and support for the Russian socio-cultural space. One of the main results of the work is the scientific position that in order to protect Russia’s geo-digital interests during the transformation of the global economy, financial assistance at the level of state programs is necessary for the socio-economic development of public and private enterprises, through the formation and implementation of their human potential.

The paper deals with special aspects of the use of mathematical apparatus Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) for the analysis of relative performance of activities of companies operating in the digital economy sector. The DEA algorithm was implemented using the MATLAB math package. It was used for the analysis of the 11 major companies from the United States, China and Russia operating in three different sectors: production and delivery of equipment and facilities, provision of telecommunication services, and provision of various digital services. The performance of companies was assessed from the perspective of their ability to use the resources at their disposal to generate profit and cash flow for shareholders (i.e., profit and cash flow per share). It has been demonstrated that currently companies providing various digital services and facilities demonstrate the highest performance. The second position in terms of performance, far behind from the leaders, is held by telecommunication carriers. The lowest efficiency is demonstrated by companies whose activities are focused on the manufacture of equipment and facilities. This fact may be attributable to the high costs of research, development and production modernization emerging from the need to update the product line on a continuous basis. The dividend yield of company shares has been analyzed versus their market-value appraisal. The most attractive companies in terms of investment attractiveness have been identified. It has been established that the performance of English companies fully corresponds to their foreign competitors, despite the much smaller range of activity, capitalization and market-evaluation value. This makes them sufficiently attractive investment projects in the medium and long term. The strengths and shortcomings of this approach have been analyzed. It has been concluded that simplicity and quickness of this approach make it efficient for the assessment of economic entities in the context of the lack of information. However, taking into account available limitations, it may only be recommended for preliminary (“quick look”) analysis.

Research goals: This paper studies the possibilities of using the potential of digitization for increasing the effectiveness of a modern organization management. A lot of organizations still use paper carriers of information, which slows down the speed of making of managerial decisions and reduce its effectiveness. The authors consider information and communication technologies that ensure a lot of processes in an organization without usage of a document, allow systematizing information in view of the set tasks, and allow transferring it between the users, tracking its correctness. Methodology: The research was performed with the help of the basic economic methods, based on logical description of the components of electronic document turnover and with application of the systemic approach, which ensures the necessary depth of elaboration of the scientific problem. It is offered to use the advantages of electronic document turnover in combinations of various programs for increasing the effectiveness. Advantages and drawbacks of various programs are analyzed. The program Diadoc, which fully conforms to the requirements of the studied logistical company, is analyzed. Effectiveness of implementing electronic document turnover for the studied company and its customers is studied, and the indicators of effectiveness before and after implementation of Diadoc are compared. Results: Scientific and practical significance of the work consist in studying the tendency of influence of digitization on growth of GDP and organization’s activities’ effectiveness. The authors analyze the advantages of electronic document turnover for a modern organization, determine the effectiveness of its implementation for a specific organization, and perform evaluation of the time requires for transferring the invoice to a customer, dynamics of loss of invoices, satisfaction of customers with a new system of electronic document turnover, and convenience of Diadoc for company’s employees and customers. Conclusion: The authors note successful implementation and positive results of the transition to electronic document turnover for the studied company, its employees, and its customers.

Purpose/objectives: the article is devoted to a study of the public life reshaped in the era of COVID-2019 that has become a developmental milestone for the modern world. The COVID-19 is called a Black Swan event that is hard predicted and rare, but has significant consequences for the world economy and other spheres of human life. The authors investigated situations of social distance, self-isolation, quarantine, as well as digital interaction platforms being developed, and their cyber resistance. Methodology: the work applied methods of regulatory analysis and assessment of the current situation of broken virus infection chain to avoid a peak in COVID-19 cases and prevent overloading the public health system affected by the pandemic; comparative and trend analysis of statistical data; content analysis methods; formalization and analogue methods; and datasets of the Institute of Scientific Communications. Results: the analysis of the implemented information interaction requires a search for a balance between the need to ensure compliance with the restriction regime introduced, human rights and freedoms, and cybersecurity in the broad sense in order to prevent unauthorized access to privacy information. Conclusions/relevance: it is necessary to disseminate the practice of cyber hygiene in Russia that should be monitored by a separate agency in the structure of the Government of the Russian Federation, similar to the Cybersecurity Agency of the European Union or the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Protection Agency of the United States. Its competence would include issues of cybersecurity and enforcement rights of Internet users in Russia.

Mergers and acquisitions play a dual role in the development of national economies. On the one hand, the quantitative and value assessments of transactions should directly affect the capitalization of the stock market, but the Russian economy is exposed to political risks than economic ones to a greater degree. On the other hand, concerning the impact of determining factors (GDP, interest rate, changes in law, taxation system) we can discover specific conditions of the M&A market in Russia. Over the past decade, the Russian M&A market has been multidirectional. Due to the imposition of sanctions, the devaluation of the ruble, and increased key interest rate in 2015, the M&A market demonstrated the worst indicators. In 2018, the Russian M&A market showed moderate growth, as far as the Russian economy managed to adapt to external challenges (unstable geopolitical situation, insignificant economic growth, and lower interest rates). These factors will have a lagged effect on the M&A industry as a whole. Most Russian companies do not place shares on the stock exchange, therefore the correlation between capitalization of the stock market and the total value of transactions is only 0.244. The structure of the M&A market indicates the prevalence of acquisitions in the Russian market. The Russian stock market is underdeveloped than in the West, and the Russian securities cannot be regarded in the long term as a liquid payment instrument.

The purpose of the article is a modern view of the evolution of the theory of value and money. The main theories of value and money analyzed within the framework of the historical and genetic paradigm, the modification of the nature of money. The interrelation of productive forces and production relations determines the modern transformation of the quality of money. The factors of change in the content of the categories of value and money in each sotio-economic formation are revealed: concentration and centralization of capital, socialization of the economy, changing the nature of the product itself, financialization of the economy, Information Technology, new forms of organization of production and sotial activities. The transformation of the economy as a result of an objective global change in the world requires the development of a modern theory of money.

The institute of state programs today is widely discussed not only in scientific world, but also in the practical sphere. The methodology of program target management is permanently enriched with new tools, enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness of practical application. The proposed approach of the formation of a unified contour of program-targeted management, using the institute of state programs as a constructor of socio-economic development. In general, the proposed approach can provide a systematic and comprehensive assessment that takes into account the characteristics of the development of all sectors of the economy, allowing to determine the optimal reserves for adjusting the country’s development strategy. The implementation of the above measures will allow accumulating joint efforts of the federal and regional levels for the breakthrough socio-economic development of the country.

The article discusses current issues of the effective functioning of the tax system, the impact of the tax burden on entrepreneurial activity. A statement of the results of the correlation and regression analysis, the relationship between the dynamics of the gross domestic product and the level of tax burden showed a linear dependence of the dynamics of GDP on the level of tax burden. The manifestation of the uneven distribution of the tax burden among payer categories suggests that the tax mechanism should be built with a focus on achieving social equilibrium in society, and for modern Russia it is the social function of taxes that is important. Proposals are being made for the direction of the tax system in order to ensure the implementation of not only direct functions (fiscal, regulatory, etc.), but also functions, for example, stimulating, aimed at the realization of public interests, the trust of the business community in the state and the implementation of the idea of justice, to reveal potential financial-economic opportunities at macro and micro levels.

This paper is dedicated to the study of the efficiency of various infrastructure industry flowcharts. The article develops a method of estimating the favorable values of vertical industry integration and prices at the network enterprise, which is the natural monopoly core of the industry. The basic research method is a mathematical simulation. We designed a mathematical model of the industry based on production costs functions. We have found out that the solution to the problem of the favorable infrastructure industry implies the elaboration of a state strategy for industry development. The paper reviews the strategy of ensuring the highest output of the industry while maintaining the possibility of sustainable development through internal reserves. The authors have revealed that such a strategy requires industry to be arranged in view of vertical integration with the competition. The article identified an economically sound level of industry integration. The methodology of the paper can be used in estimating the favorable parameters of infrastructure sector development, and the model designed – parameters of price regulation of network facilities.

The purpose of the article is to reveal the peculiar features of information systems’ application in genomic research, including the circadian genetics topic, and to establish the relationship and consistency of general and special rules in this regard. The main approaches to the study of the above problem are interdisciplinary, systemic and dialectical. These approaches allow estimating the application of information systems in genomic research from the perspective of the general terms “information contained in the database” and “information technology”. Findings: it has been found out that genomic research should be closely related to the application of state information systems. The authors have suggested developing leverages for the communication of various structural and other units of the field (system) within which this application is allowed by law and to advance the legal conceptual framework for differentiation of the legal status of parties depending on the application of databases when dealing with genomic information. Also, the authors have determined the need for bringing the regime of information technologies and databases related to the genomic research into line with the common rules on any information databases, on the one hand, and separation from cases of genomic information exchange out of their scope, on the other hand. The prospects of using blockchain technology research for fixing circadian gene research findings have been positively assessed and the impact of cross-border relations in this field on the exercise of parties’ powers has been discovered. The article is of practical value both for lawyers and other specialists, including geneticists, biologists, physicians, etc. who carry out genomic research or use genomic information. Besides, the conclusions made by the authors can be used in lawmaking.

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to define facets of the metaphysical balance in the theory of economic development in the context of humankind movement to perfect market. Methodology: We base the methodology of the study on the market paradigm viewed through the prism of metaphysics. Therefore, on the one hand, the world is seen a subjective idealistic category through which market runs a red thread. On the other hand, we consider metaphysics from ethical perspective of moral choice and from the standpoint of material relationships development. Findings: We show that the source of metaphysical balance is the fruits of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. At the same time, on the one hand, we conclude that the Fourth Industrial Revolution is the path to perfect market and the achievement approach of individuals’ equality for access to economic wealth. On the other hand, the Fourth Industrial Revolution leads humanity to effeminacy and deprives the possibility of striving forward and ability to struggle. Originality and recommendations: We introduce the metaphysical balance concept as a unity and struggle of opposites. Moreover, the market paradigm is proposed for the economic development of humankind as the most effective social technology that creates the conditions for competition and provides equal access to economic benefits of each member of society.

The work is devoted to the analysis of the process of transformation of property relations under digitalization that accompanies the development of the national economy. The purpose of the work is to develop scientifically grounded recommendations for increasing the competitiveness of the economy through the transformation of national property relations. To achieve this goal, the current state of property relations in Russia is characterized, the factors determining the vector and intensity of transformation are systematized, and mechanisms for the development of the Russian economy based on ensuring its self-sufficiency are proposed. Methods of general and system analysis are used in the work. As a result of the research, mechanisms for ensuring economic development are proposed based on the principles of ensuring the self-sufficiency of the national economy and the corresponding transformation of property relations. The results of the work can be used in the development of both a strategy for increasing national competitiveness and state economic policy in general.

Purpose of the paper. The article estimates the medium and long-term prospects for the development of the Russian economy. The research method used is the historical one, as well as structural and comparative analysis. Findings. Potential opportunities for economic development and threats to it are identified. It is concluded that current fiscal policy constrains incentives for economic growth. Recommendations: The authors propose alternative sources for launching multiplying processes in the economy and define key goals of industrial policy in Russia.

The article discusses the strategic alternative development of an industry enterprise: the primacy of an engineering idea for a product over the primacy of an engineering idea for production. The object of the study are product development systems, and corporate systems of engineering enterprises. The subject is a set of theoretical and methodological approaches to the formation of product development systems by engineering enterprises. Principles, methods and ways of managing these systems, as well as methodological aspects of their development. The main objective is to develop a methodological approach for formation of a system for creating a product of production, based on the management (reduction, retention, increase) of the created complexity. Methods. The methodology of design studies was used as a methodological base and heuristic basis of the research process. The results of the study. The methodology for creating product development systems is complemented by solutions to manage the emerging complexity due to: a) identify key management complexity challenges faced by the manufacturer; b) formation of a set of guidelines and critical success factors in relation to actions to take into account the complexity of the system; c) complexity management of the product development system in the context of a product life cycle.

Technological aspects related to research are considered. For this reason wear of solids taking into account the environment, as well as the effect of lowering their strength due to the adsorption of surface-active substances and energy, which leads to an easier exit of dislocations. The problems of friction of solids are considered taking into account the physiochemical interaction of metals and its structure in the surface layers, which affect the mechanical and technological processes.

The article reflects research on the dynamics of the process of integrating digital and artificial intelligence technologies in public administration. The authors compared the evolutionary stages of analytical methods and technologies used in corporate sector management systems and in public administration. The analysis revealed similarities that are determined by the key characteristics of modern social processes, which led to the conclusion that the integration of artificial intelligence technologies in public administration is a key condition for increasing the efficiency and ensuring the sustainability of government systems and also the development trend of the public sector in the coming years. An important result of the work is the conclusion that the specifics of public administration, its basic differences from governance in the private sector, lead to deviations from the path of digital evolution that is observed in the private sector. These deviations are objective and they can’t be interpreted solely as lag. Public administration as a process of exercising power is based on certain principles, unique resources and proceeds from specific goals. The development of digital technologies, each new generation of which makes the world more transparent, violates the autonomy of the state administration in relation to society, and exacerbates this opposition. The specific data operated by government agencies can’t enter the data economy, at least at the present stage: the protection of personal data, tax secrets and other information collected by the state for the implementation of its functions remains the agreed interest of society and the state. The authors propose a model that allows you to get all the benefits from the introduction of digital technologies in public administration, but at the same time maintain state-administrative autonomy. The article presents the key principles for constructing such an adaptive model of «rational bureaucracy 2.0» , which integrates digital and artificial intelligence technologies into the public administration system while maintaining the immanent autonomy of the public administration system. As the main parameters for developing a strategy for transition and adaptation of the public administration system, the authors justify the classification of functions and tasks for their potential automation based on the principles of rational Weber bureaucracy, which are proposed to be forwarded to artificial intelligence systems, and the staff of government structures will focus on solving complex problems on the principles of network organization, cooperation and proactivity.

Today, significant efforts of companies are aimed at collecting and processing information for commercial purposes (using Big Data), assessing consumer choices and behavior (Khayrullina in Bulletin USTU Science Education Economics Series of Economics 4 2004 [5]); Modern Decision Making Technologies in the Digital Economy (Proceedings of the All-Russian Scientific and Practical Conference of Students Graduate Students and Young Scientists, Yurga Institute of Technology, Publishing House of Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, p. 341, 2018 [7]). Meanwhile, it’s arouse the great interest how the management methodologies were transformed (for example, with the implementation of Agile and Scrum) by project teams and labor relations, the process of making managerial decisions and leadership in online, in geographically distributed cross-functional teams and which areas besides market relations and how digitalization has transformed. A study of materials on this subject in open Russian and foreign sources showed that this problem has not been studied enough and is presented only by couple of studies, the most significant of which can be considered only two authors: Sara Pérez-Soler and Savina T.N. The novelty of the study as a whole and this article as a presentation of some of its results consists, in contrast to other studies, in a comprehensive (philosophical, social and managerial aspects) study of the transformation of decision-making processes, social communications and organizational behavior. The article presents the results of a three-year empirical study of the team of authors on the transformation of social, philosophical and managerial aspects of managerial decision-making, leadership and communication under the influence of digitalization. The information base of the article was Russian and foreign studies in the field of management theory and practice, personal observations of authors and the results of an experiment conducted by the authors. The research methodology is based on the consistent application of empirical methods (monitoring teams and leaders), analysis, synthesis, generalization, experiment (to summarize the results of observations of small groups and teams), retrospective analysis (research on changes in society’s attitudes to digital technologies).

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to explicate the concept of economic balance and sustainable development in the problem field of the philosophy of science, interdisciplinary knowledge, and the interface of system paradigms in the evolution of economic theory. Methodology: The key research method is the system paradigm. At the same time, the system paradigm has degrees of gradation that lead to different epistemological results. Findings: Indicators of system balance in the mechanistic and organic interpretations of economic life are Revealed. It is concluded that political economy is relevant for the classical explanation of certain types of supercomplicated economic States. Special attention is paid to ontological situations described by non-classical science, when the phenomenon of balance is revealed through the interaction of subject and system meanings. The authors project the system doctrine of N. Luman on the desired subject area of economic theory. To explicate the phenomenon of economic balance, the system-system and system-external environment relations are conceptualized. Put forward the position that current trends of economic growth and sustainable development involve three types of States economic system (national economy), with indicators of intersystem interactions (Economics of law, Economics of education, etc.) with the state of the environment (geopolitical controversies, global processes). Originality: The Originality of the author’s concept is to identify the subjective and objective meanings of economic balance. For this purpose, economic behavior and systemic institutional effects are considered within the framework of non-classical and post-non-classical philosophical and scientific thinking.

The importance of the research is based on avalanche of news concerning BREXIT in general and concrete countries situation. British investors prove traditional interest in Latvia as recipient economy, United Kingdom being the 10th in the list of top foreign investors. Partisans of sustainability investment however have grounds to doubt the positive impact of the UK FDI in Latvia in the last three years. Unfortunately, no research is published on UK FDI in Latvia. Thus, the research is topical. The aim of the research is to investigate the flow of UK FDI in Latvia in 36 months after the BREXIT referendum in order to disclose how the change of political vector has affected the FDI process in Latvia. Author employ both qualitative and quantitative methods of research. Qualitative methods include literature review, personal observations and experts’ interviews. Time series analysis as well as charts plotting represent quantitative methods. The time series for analysis consist of non-financial and financial indicators of the UK FDI in Latvia. In the further research, questionnaire would be recommended. However, it proved not possible in the time of this investigation. The hypothesis to be proven is as follows: after the BREXIT referendum, UK FDI in Latvia measurably declined. The novelty consists of singling out the BREXIT factor in the dynamics of the UK FDI in Latvia and evaluating the corresponding gain or loss, if any, in euro. The figure can be introduced in the scientific circulation.

The purpose of the article is to identify current interdisciplinary scientific and practical problems in the context of the digital transformation of city administration within the emerging domain of legal science (legal urbanology). Given the complex nature of the object under study, a comprehensive study of city life requires an integrated methodological approach based on a synthesis of the findings of the legal, economic, sociological and political research factors. A significant role in the methodological provision of the study is given to the integrated approach, which allows regarding the city as a dynamically developing open social system with a complex hierarchy and developed social institutions and relationships. The city, being the most important element of the system of resettlement and human life, a key link in the formation of states, in the development of mankind in general, and scientific and technological progress in particular, now, like all other social systems, has entered the period of implementation of the smart city concept. Actual complex problems of legal regulation of the legal relations system in cities, including the social, economic, environmental aspects of their manifestation, described in the theories of various humanities in the framework of legal urbanology, are considered. On the example of the city’s environmental problems, a specific complex structure of the phenomenon is shown, requiring study with the involvement of various branches of knowledge. It’s concluded that the modernization of modern society and its transition to a new digital paradigm affects all social spheres, but giving the degree of concentration of economic, political, social, informational and other resources in cities, they act as an indicator of the ongoing transformation of the role of cities in the development of the country.

In modern conditions, digital technologies are increasingly penetrating the city administration system, and cities of a new technological form (smart cities) are emerging. The article gives a holistic and reasoned understanding of the social and political factors of the smart city administration, as well as substantiates challenges related to the digitalization of the urban environment. Also, the authors discover positive foreign experiences and address the domestic practice of the introduction of particular elements of the “smart city” model. In addition, issues of social and political nature arising in designing and developing the concept of “smart city are investigated. With the help of the methodological approach, the authors present the terminological and conceptual framework, show a wide range of opinions about the “smart city” concept and reveal its nature and meaning. The purpose of the study is to justify the trends towards the establishment and development of a “smart city” within the discourse on “smart city” taking into account social, cultural and political factors, possible risks and their implications. The study has found that the “smart city” as a complex socio-technical system is an interaction between the infrastructure elements of society, its subject-matter realities and human behavior within the controlled human-machine relationship and consistent social conditions. The article represents the main advantages and constraints of the Smart City project implementation. It is emphasized that this process brings not only qualitatively new conditions, transformation, renewal of the city, but also places new requirements for the safe life of the population. The statement that the evolution of a smart city starts when the ICT foundation contributes to the development of democracy in agglomerations is proved.

The purpose of this paper is to assess, based on legal and economic data, which paradigm prevails in personal income taxation in Russia—a fiscal one or a social one, and suggest the measures to tackle the deficiencies discovered during the analysis. The authors analyze the features of PIT regulations that may improve the people’s effective demand and therefore their welfare, and continue with the analysis of tax-related statistics to determine effective PIT rates and potential people’s tax savings should the paradigm shift happen. They show that Russian Tax Code virtually neglects the redistribution function of PIT, and after lost of connection between PIT deductions and minimal monthly salary level (proxy to minimum subsistence level, as it was in Law on PIT of 1991) the people with lower revenues, especially the families with children, lose the material sums. This happens along with the decrease in disposable household income, thus hindering effective demand of these people. The authors conclude that fiscal paradigm still dominates in Russian PIT in Russia and suggest the advantages of a shift towards the social paradigm.

The paper deals with modern trends in digital transformation of Russian system of state administration in organizational and legal aspects using the methods of evolutionary and problematic analysis. Tracing the phenomenon of digital transformation in the broad scientific sense, the author identifies the main gaps in the reformation of public administration institutions under the adopted national concept of “digital government”. The author comes to the conclusion that in Russian conditions it is still a question of the initial stage of digitalization of the public sector (service management), compared to foreign countries, and its transition into advanced development in program and conceptual federal documents is excessively hasty, as it requires a systematic restructuring of the public administration system, including in terms of historically established culture and mentality of perception of innovation.

The article aims to identify the size, prospects and purpose of the digital economy. Based on the methodology of analysis and synthesis, structuring of scientific positions using a systematic approach, abstract and logical types of analysis and analysis of statistical data, the author reveals the problem of the need to form a system of special knowledge about the essence and principles of digital economy functioning, which should be formulated by specialists in the basic and applied economic sciences and allow to create a basis for a systematic scientific-based multi-parameter study of the digital economy continuum. However, the study shows that the digital economy, including its digital segment, shows a slower growth than previously expected and predicted. There is also a lag in the rate of development of the biotechnology industry. Yet, this does not call into question that the digital economy will develop at a faster pace in the near future. The result is an empirically based conclusion that, while the actual size of the digital economy is small relative to the size of all world production, the growth rate of digital technologies is exponentially increasing, expanding the space of the digital economy. For quality transformation, the underlying digital technology needs socialization, which implies the development of the technology itself, its size and acceptance by society. As a result of socialization, the most important general purpose of the digital economy—to meet the needs of consumers, and its special purpose—to contribute to the development of human capital, improve the quality of life of individuals, countries and the entire population of the planet, as well as reduce the uneven development of regions of the planet and economic sectors, should be fulfilled.

The article discusses the intelligent information-analytical technology implemented in the operation of thermal power plants, based on the capabilities of multi-agent analysis of the state of each item of equipment in a single unified digital model of thermal power plants, when the system signals in advance about the need for equipment repair. The analysis includes the study of indicators characterizing the technical condition of equipment (using calculation models for planning the TPP operation mode) with the introduction of a virtual model for managing the equipment life cycle to determine the optimal type, composition and cost of technical impact on the equipment. At the same time, it is proposed to use a system of uniform standards, a unified model, unified identification principles based on a unified ontological model of subject activity for the transition from scheduled preventive repairs (SPR) of facility equipment to repairs as it is possible to generate scenarios of technical impacts on equipment (agent modeling) event-driven behavior): continued operation, repair, replacement, technical re-equipment or reconstruction. The article presents approaches to the formation of monitoring technology that ensures the construction of unified accounting systems for equipment operated at electric and heat power facilities, the improvement of their technological parameters and characteristics in relation to the assessment and forecast of the technical condition of production equipment based on monitoring data, statistics of defects and failures to determine the optimal type, composition and cost of technical impact on equipment that allows directing the flow of events but the conditions specified by the availability of funds for these purposes. At the same time, an automated analysis of the indices of the technical condition of each unit (unit) of equipment is carried out and scenarios of technical effects on the equipment are generated (agent-based modeling of event-driven behavior).

The article reviews the problems of innovative development in Kazakhstan. Today, the sphere of innovation is the formation of competitive advantages of any national economy. The weakest element in the number of factors that ensure the country’s competitiveness is innovation. The main indicators of innovative activity of enterprises are shown and considered problems of the country’s scientific and technical potential and steps to overcome them. The creation of a national innovation system and the development of innovative strategies and programs have become key tasks for the Republic of Kazakhstan in creating a knowledge economy. The study found that the existing system in Kazakhstan’s condition of innovation infrastructure is imperfect. Notwithstanding numerous initiatives in recent years, Kazakhstan’s innovation system is still in its infancy in many ways. Results: the terminological apparatus of the “innovation” concept is revealed. The main reasons for Kazakhstan’s delay in innovation are identified. Considered ways to solve problems by increasing the proportion of employees engaged in the sector of high-tech services and high-tech industries; increasing government funding for Research and development (R&D); increasing the number of intellectual property patents. Kazakhstan needs to move from the current response to the challenges of innovation development to its long term planning.

Purpose: The article discusses the efficiency of state policy on the provision of a technological breakthrough in the Russian economy. Design/methodology/approach: Within the study, the authors have employed the methods of systemic, factor, functional, logical, comparative, and statistical analysis. On the back of the analysis, an integrated assessment of institutional and technological provision means of the Russian economy has been carried out. Findings: The authors have found out that the current system to manage and coordinate the performance of national projects does not pay due attention to inter-industry and interdisciplinary interaction, the achievement of sustainable demand for breakthrough technologies, products, and services, and development of a large-scale system for generation of scientific and technical knowledge. The authors have proved the need to coordinate the performance of national projects in the field of labor productivity, employment of the population, and science using network principles. It has been proposed to engage a coordination committee as the governing and coordinating bodies in the performance of these projects. The paper has established its functions and priority areas to improve the institutional provision of national projects. The authors proposed a mechanism of megaprojects as forms of executing national projects on the back of development institutions within a unified management and coordination system. Besides, the criteria for development institutions have been developed, a list of development institutions has been suggested and the structure of the platform for the generation of scientific knowledge and their transformation into innovations have been discussed. Uniqueness/value: The findings can be useful in executing national projects.

One of the key areas of activity of each commercial organization is investment activity, which allows for updating the material and technical base, which requires significant financial investments. It’s necessary to involve investments in the economic process to increase the production of goods. The global market economy provides many alternatives for capital investment and international capital integration. Moreover, the amount of financial resources that can be invested has a finite size. Active dissemination of digital technologies influences the investment activities. The digital economy involves the formation of an accounting and analytical system based on information technologies, which are interconnected and interdependent with electronic business. In the conditions of economic sanctions and limited financial resources, the expedience of usage of investments sets before the companies the necessity for implementing the digital information technologies, which bring economic profit. In the current economic situation, analysis of formation of a methodology of effectiveness of the investment activities in digital information technologies is one of the most important tasks of the modern economy. The purpose of the paper is to study the current state of digitization of the methodology of effectiveness of investment activities and to solve the main problems that hinder the digital transformation. In particular, investment projects are often implemented spontaneously, without defining clear goals and financial results. This practice isn’t permissible in digital information systems. There are no indicators of the achievement of the goal of investment activity that characterize the uniqueness and individualization of the investment project. Along with this, the problems of information support for the management of an investment project based on the introduction of modern information technologies, which can only be solved by developing effective methods for analyzing investment activities, are put forward. Based on an analysis of the effectiveness of investment projects, the article proposes the application of the financial method, which allows synergies in the design of the system by the financial management and the management of the information technology department and the creation of a common information space.