Skip to main content
Disciplines
Automotive Business IT + Informatics Construction + Real Estate Electrical Engineering + Electronics Energy + Sustainability Insurance + Risk Finance + Banking Management + Leadership Marketing + Sales Mechanical Engineering + Materials
Events
DE
EN
Books
Journals
Topic Page
Marketing
Start single access now
Access for companies
EXTENDED SEARCH
Log in
Top
Published in:
Cover of the book

2014 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

1. Software Engineering for Aerospace: State of the Art

Authors : Emil Vassev, Mike Hinchey

Published in: Autonomy Requirements Engineering for Space Missions

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

Log in

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

This chapter discusses the state-of-the-art of software engineering for aerospace. To be successful, software engineering for aerospace must take into account the fact that aerospace systems need to meet a variety of standards and high safety requirements, and therefore, the development of aerospace systems emphasizes verification, validation, certification, and testing. This chapter discusses the complexity of software development along with the software engineering process currently employed by leading aerospace organizations such as NASA, ESA, Boeing, and Lockheed Martin. Their software development projects apply a spiral-based methodology where the emphasis is on verification. Methods, techniques, and architectural approaches for aerospace are also discussed. A new class of autonomous aerospace systems (such as UAV and robotic space-exploration systems) is currently emerging to incorporate features like integrated health management, self-monitoring and on-board decision making. The lack of proper, yet dedicated, software engineering for autonomous aerospace systems is the reason for many inherent problems related to requirements, modeling, and implementation. Requirements engineering for autonomous systems appears to be a wide open research area with only a limited number of approaches yet considered.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now
next chapter Handling Autonomy Requirements for ESA Systems
Literature
1.
2.
3.
Amey, P.: Correctness by construction: Better can also be cheaper. CrossTalk Mag.: J. Def. Softw. Eng. 6, 24–28 (2002)
4.
Andrei, O., Kirchner, H.: A Higher-order graph calculus for autonomic computing. In: Graph Theory, Computational Intelligence and Thought. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pp. 15–26. No. 5420. Springer, Berlin (2008)
5.
6.
Bantre, J.P., Fradet, P., Radenac, Y.: Programming self-organizing systems with the higher-order chemical language. Int. J. Unconv. Comput. 3(3), 161–177 (2007)
7.
Benveniste, A., Caspi, P., Edwards, S., Halbwachs, N., Guernic, P.L., Simone, R.D.: The synchronous languages twelve years later. Proc. IEEE 91(1), 64–83 (2003)CrossRef
8.
9.
Bonabeau, E., Thraulax, G.: Swarm smarts. Sci. Am. 282, 72–79 (2000)
10.
Burns, A., Wellings, A.: HRT-HOOD: A Structured Design Method for Hard Real-Time Systems. Elsevier, Amsterdam (1995)
11.
Cheng, B., Atlee, J.: Research directions in requirements engineering. In: Proceedings of the 2007 Conference on Future of Software Engineering (FOSE 2007), pp. 285–303. IEEE Computer Society, Minneapolis (2007)
12.
Cheng, S.W., Garlan, D., Schmerl, B.: Architecture-based self-adaptation in the presence of multiple objectives. In: Proceedings of the 2006 International Workshop on Self-adaptation and Self-managing Systems (SEAMS’06), pp. 2–8 (2006)
13.
Clancy, D., Larson, W., Pecheur, C., Engrand, P., Goodrich, C.: Autonomous control of an in-situ propellant production plant. In: Proceedings of the Technology 2009 Conference, Miami, USA (1999)
14.
Clarke, E., Grumberg, O., Peled, D.: Model Checking. MIT Press, Cambridge (2002)
15.
Coglianese, L., Tracz, W., Batory, D., Goodwin, M., Shafer, S., Smith, R., Szymanski, R., Young, P.: Collected Papers of the Domain-Specific Software Architectures (DSSA) Avionics Domain Application Generation Environment (ADAGE). Document ADAGE-IBM-93-09, IBM Federal Sector Company (1994)
16.
17.
Dardenne, A., van Lamsweerde, A., Fickas, S.: Goal-directed requirements acquisitions. Sci. Comput. Program. 20, 3–50 (1993)CrossRefMATH
18.
de la Puente, J.A., Ruiz, J.F., Zamorano, J.: An open Ravenscar real-time kernel for GNAT. In: Reliable Software Technologies- Ada-Europe 2000. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, No. 1845, pp. 5–15. Springer, Berlin (2000)
19.
Devedzic, V., Radovic, D.: A framework for building intelligent manufacturing systems. IEEE Tran. Syst. Man Cybern. Part C Appl. Rev. 29, 422–439 (1999)CrossRef
20.
Durfee, E., Lesser, V.: Negotiating task decomposition and allocation using partial global planning. Distrib. Artif. Intell. 2, 229–244 (1989)CrossRef
21.
ECSS Secretariat: Space engineering—software—part 2: Document requirements definitions (DRDs). Technical report, ESA-ESTEC, Requirements & Standards Division, Noordwijk, The Netherlands (2005)
22.
ESA Board for Software Standardization and Control (BSSC): Guide to the Software Detailed Design and Production Phase. ESA, Paris CEDEX, France (1995)
23.
24.
ESA: Verification models for advanced human—automation interaction in safety critical flight operations (statement of work). Technical report, ESA (2011)
25.
Fickas, S., Feather, M.: Requirements monitoring in dynamic environments. In: Proceedings of the IEEE International Symposium on Requirements Engineering (RE 1995), pp. 140–147. IEEE Computer Society, Washington (1995)
26.
Foner, L.N.: Entertaining agents: A sociological case study. In: Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Autonomous Agents, pp. 122–129 (1997)
27.
Gamma, E., Helm, R., Johnson, R., Vlissides, J.: Design Patterns. Addison-Wesley, Boston (1994)
28.
Gerlich, R., Kerep, M.: Distributed and parallel systems and HOOD4. In: Ada in Europe. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pp. 228–243. No. 103. Springer, Berlin (1996)
29.
Ghosh, D., Sharman, R., Rao, H.R., Upadhyaya, S.: Self-healing systems—survey and synthesis. Decis. Support Syst. 42(4), 2164–2185 (2007)CrossRef
30.
Gilbert, D., Aparicio, M., Atkinson, B., Brady, S., Ciccarino, J., Grosof, B., O’Connor, P., Osisek, D., Pritko, S., Spagna, R., Wilson, L.: IBM Intelligent Agent Strategy—White Paper. IBM Corporation, New York (1995)
31.
Gilbert, D.: IBM Intelligent Agent Strategy. IBM Corporation, New York (1995)
32.
Gillespie, T., West, R.: Requirements for autonomous unmanned air systems set by legal issues. Int. C2 J. 4(2), 11–13 (2010)
33.
Goldsby, H., Sawyer, P., Bencomo, N., Hughes, D., Cheng, B.: Goal-based modeling of dynamically adaptive system requirements. In: Proceedings of the 15th Annual IEEE International Conference on the Engineering of Computer Based Systems (ECBS). IEEE Computer Society (2008)
34.
Halbwachs, N.: Synchronous Programming of Reactive Systems. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston (1993)CrossRefMATH
35.
Hayes-Roth, B.: An architecture for adaptive intelligent systems. Artif. Intell. 72(1–2), 329–365 (1995)CrossRef
36.
Hellstern, G., Wilson, R., Harris, F.: Adaptive motion planning approaches for small UAV flight. In: Proceedings of Infotech@Aerospace Conference 2012. AIAA, Garden Grove, California, USA, AIAA 2012–2477 (2012)
37.
Herrmann, D.: Software Safety and Reliability. IEEE CS Press, Los Alamitos 1999)
38.
39.
Hierons, R.M., Bogdanov, K., Bowen, J.P., Cleaveland, R., Derrick, J., Dick, J., Gheorghe, M., Harman, M., Kapoor, K., Krause, P., Luettgen, G., Simons, A.J.H., Vilkomir, S., Woodward, M.R., Zedan, H.: Using formal specification to support testing. ACM Comput. Surv. 41(2), 1–76 (2009)CrossRef
40.
IBM Corporation: An architectural blueprint for autonomic computing, 4th edn. IBM Corporation, Technical report (2006)
41.
IBM Corporation: Policy management for autonomic computing—version 1.2. Technical report, IBM Tivoli (2005)
42.
IEEE Computer Society: IEEE Standard IEEE-Std-830-1998: IEEE recommended practice for software requirements specification (1998)
43.
Kephart, J.O., Chess, D.M.: The vision of autonomic computing. IEEE Computer 36(1), 41–50 (2003)CrossRef
44.
Lapouchnian, A., Yu, Y., Liaskos, S., Mylopoulos, J.: Requirements-driven design of autonomic application software. In: Proceedings of the 2006 Conference of the Center for Advanced Studies on Collaborative Research (CASCON 2006), p. 7. ACM (2006)
45.
46.
Madni, A.: Agiletecting: A principled approach to introducing agility in systems engineering and product development enterprises. J. Integr. Des. Process Sci. 12(4), 1–7 (2008)
47.
Maes, P.: Artificial life meets entertainment: lifelike autonomous agents. Commun. ACM 38(11), 108–114 (1995)CrossRef
48.
Muscettola, N., Nayak, P., Pell, B., Williams, B.: Remote agent: to boldly go where no AI system has gone before. Artif. Intell. 103(1–2), 5–48 (1998)CrossRefMATH
49.
Musgrave, G., Larsen, A., Sgoba, T. (eds.): Safety Design for Space Systems. Elsevier, Oxford (2009)
50.
Mylopoulos, J., Chung, L., Nixon, B.: Representing and using non-functional requirements: a process-oriented approach. IEEE Trans. Softw. Eng. 18(6), 483–497 (1992)CrossRef
51.
NASA: Software Safety: NASA Technical Standard NASA-STD-8719.13A. NASA (1997)
52.
53.
National Aeronautics and Space Administration: Design, development, test and evaluation(DDT&E) considerations for safe and reliability human rated spacecraft systems. Technical report, NASA TechnicalReport RP-06-208. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, Hampton (2006)
54.
National Aeronautics and Space Administration: NASA Systems Engineering Handbook: NASA/SP-2007-6105 Rev. 1. NASA Headquarters, Washington, D.C. (2007)
55.
Pecheur, C., Simmons, R., Engrand, P.: Formal verification of autonomy models. In: Rouff, C., et al. [62] (eds.) Agent Technology from a Formal Perspective (2006)
56.
Philippe, C.: Validation, and certification challenges for control systems. In: The Impact of Control Technology. IEEE Control Systems Society (2011)
57.
Robinson, P.J.: HOOD: Hierarchical Object-Oriented Design. Prentice Hall, London (1992)
58.
Rodriguez, Y., Madni, A.: Adaptability in engineering resilient systems (ERS). In: Infotech@Aerospace Conference 2012. AIAA, Garden Grove, California, VA, USA, AIAA 2012–2410 (2012)
59.
Rouff, C., Hinchey, M., Rash, J., Truszkowski, W., Gordon-Spears, D. (eds.): Agent Technology from a Formal Perspective. Springer, London (2006)
60.
Rouff, C., Rash, J., Hinchey, M., Truszkowski, W.: Formal methods at NASA goddard space flight center. In: Rouff, C., et al. (eds.) Agent Technology from a Formal Perspective (2006)
61.
Royce, W.W.: Managing the development of large software systems. In: Proceedings of the 9th International Conference of Software Engineering, pp. 328–338. IEEE Computer Society (1987)
62.
Russell, S., Norvig, P.: Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach. Prentice-Hall, Egnlewood Cliff (2009)
63.
Savor, T., Seviora, R.: An approach to automatic detection of software failures in real-time systems. In: Proceedings of the IEEE Real-Time Technology and Applications Symposium, pp. 136–147. IEEE Computer Society, Los Alamitos, California (1997)
64.
Scerri, P., Pynadath, D., Tambe, M.: Towards adjustable autonomy for the real-world. J. AI Res. 17, 171–228 (2002)
65.
Sierhuis, M., Clancey, W., von Hoof, R., Seah, C., Scott, M., Nado, R., Blumenberg, S., Shafto, M., Anderson, B., Bruins, A., Buckley, C., Diegelman, T., Hall, T., Hood, D., Reynolds, F., Toschlog, J., Tucker, T.: NASA’s OCA mirroring system: An application of multiagent systems in mission control. In: Proceedings of Autonomous Agents and Multi Agent Conference (Industry Track), Budapest, Hungary (2009)
66.
Simmons, R., Goodwin, R., Haigh, K., Koenig, S., O’Sullivan, J., Velosso, M.: Experience with a layered robot architecture. ACM SIGART Bull. 8, 1–4 (1997)CrossRef
67.
68.
69.
70.
71.
72.
Spitzer, C.: Honeywell primus epic aircraft diagnostic maintenance system. In: Digital Avionics Handbook, 2nd edn. Health Management Systems, pp. 22–23. CRC (2007)
73.
Sutcliffe, A., Fickas, S., Sohlberg, M.: PC-RE a method for personal and context requirements engineering with some experience. Requir. Eng. J. 11, 1–17 (2006)CrossRef
74.
Sycara, K.: Multiagent systems. AI Mag. 19(2), 79–92 (1998)
75.
76.
77.
Thoms, J.: Understanding the impact of machine technologies on human team cognition. In: Proceedings of the 4th SEAS DTC Technical Conference, Paper B7 (2009)
78.
Truszkowski, W., Hinchey, M., Rash, J., Rouff, C.: NASA’s swarm missions: the challenge of building autonomous software. IT Prof. 6(5), 47–52 (2004)CrossRef
79.
Truszkowski, W., Hallock, L., Rouff, C., Karlin, J., Rash, J., Hinchey, M., Sterritt, R.: Autonomous and Autonomic Systems—with Applications to NASA Intelligent Spacecraft Operations and Exploration Systems. Springer, Berlin (2009)
80.
81.
van Lamsweerde, A.: Requirements engineering in the Year 00: A research perspective. In: Proceedings of the 22nd IEEE International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE-2000), pp. 5–19. ACM (2000)
82.
Vassev, E., Hinchey, M., Balasubramaniam, D., Dobson, S.: An ASSL approach to handling uncertainty in self-adaptive systems. In: Proceedings of the 34th annual IEEE Software Engineering Workshop (SEW 34), pp. 11–18. IEEE Computer Society (2011)
83.
Vassev, E., Hinchey, M., Paquet, J.: Towards an ASSL specification model for NASA swarm-based exploration missions. In: Proceedings of the 23rd Annual ACM Symposium on Applied Computing (SAC 2008)—AC Track, pp. 1652–1657. ACM (2008)
84.
Vassev, E., Hinchey, M.: Modeling the image-processing behavior of the NASA Voyager Mission with ASSL. In: Proceedings of the 3rd IEEE International Conference on Space Mission Challenges for Information Technology (SMC-IT’09), pp. 246–253. IEEE Computer Society (2009)
85.
Vassev, E.: Towards a framework for specification and code generation of autonomic systems. Ph.D. thesis, Computer Science and Software Engineering Department, Concordia University, Quebec, Canada (2008)
86.
Vassev, E.: ASSL: Autonomic System Specification Language—A Framework for Specification and Code Generation of Autonomic Systems. LAP Lambert Academic Publishing, Saarbrucken (2009)
87.
Vassev, E., Hinchey, M.: ASSL: A software engineering approach to autonomic computing. IEEE Comput. 42(6), 106–109 (2009)CrossRef
88.
Vassev, E., Hinchey, M.: The challenge of developing autonomic systems. IEEE Comput. 43(12), 93–96 (2010)CrossRef
89.
Vassev, E., Sterritt, R., Rouff, C., Hinchey, M.: Swarm technology at NASA: building resilient systems. IT Prof. 14(2), 36–42 (2012)CrossRef
90.
91.
Waslander, S.L.: Multi-agent systems design for aerospace applications. Ph.D. thesis, Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Stanford University (2007)
92.
93.
Williams, B., Nayak, P.: A model-based approach to reactive self-configuring systems. Proc. AAAI/IAAI 2, 971–978 (1996)
94.
Wooldridge, M.: Intelligent agents. In: Multi-Agent Systems, pp. 3–51. MIT Press, Cambridge (1999)
95.
Wooldridge, M., Jennings, N.R.: Intelligent agents: theory and practice. Knowl. Eng. Rev. 10(2), 115–152 (1995)CrossRef
Metadata
Title
Software Engineering for Aerospace: State of the Art
Authors
Emil Vassev
Mike Hinchey
Copyright Year
2014
Book
Autonomy Requirements Engineering for Space Missions

Print ISBN: 978-3-319-09815-9

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-319-09816-6

Copyright Year: 2014

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09816-6_1

Premium Partner

    Image Credits