Skip to main content
Top

2017 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

5. The Application of the Viable System Model to Enhance Organizational Resilience

Authors : Cristina Ruiz-Martin, José Manuel Pérez Rios, Gabiel Wainer, Javier Pajares, Cesáreo Hernández, Adolfo López-Paredes

Published in: Advances in Management Engineering

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

The interest in how to build resilient organizations is increasing in the last two decades. However , there is no formal and accepted framework yet. In this paper, we argue that the application of the principles of the Viable System Model (VSM) improves organizational resilience. We also argue that the VSM constitutes a valid framework to design resilient organizations.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literature
go back to reference Alexiou, A. (2014). Taming the waves of adversity: Exploring the multidimensional construct of organizational resilience. In Managing Emerging Technologies for Socio-Economic Impact (pp. 340–353). Alexiou, A. (2014). Taming the waves of adversity: Exploring the multidimensional construct of organizational resilience. In Managing Emerging Technologies for Socio-Economic Impact (pp. 340–353).
go back to reference Andrés, B., & Poler, R. (2013). Enhancing enterprise resilience through enterprise collaboration. In IFAC Proceedings Volumes (IFAC-PapersOnline) (pp. 688–693). Andrés, B., & Poler, R. (2013). Enhancing enterprise resilience through enterprise collaboration. In IFAC Proceedings Volumes (IFAC-PapersOnline) (pp. 688–693).
go back to reference Annarelli, A., & Nonino, F. (2016). Strategic and operational management of organizational resilience: Current state of research and future directions. Omega, 62, 1–18.CrossRef Annarelli, A., & Nonino, F. (2016). Strategic and operational management of organizational resilience: Current state of research and future directions. Omega, 62, 1–18.CrossRef
go back to reference Apneseth, K., Wahl, A., & Hollnagel, E. (2013). Measuring resilience in integrated planning. In Oil and gas, technology and humans: Assessing the human factors of technological change (pp. 129–145). Apneseth, K., Wahl, A., & Hollnagel, E. (2013). Measuring resilience in integrated planning. In Oil and gas, technology and humans: Assessing the human factors of technological change (pp. 129–145).
go back to reference Ates, A., & Bititci, U. (2011). Change process: A key enabler for building resilient SMEs. International Journal of Production Research, 49(18), 5601–5618.CrossRef Ates, A., & Bititci, U. (2011). Change process: A key enabler for building resilient SMEs. International Journal of Production Research, 49(18), 5601–5618.CrossRef
go back to reference Beer, S. (1981). Brain of the firm: The managerial cybernetics of organization. New York: Wiley. Beer, S. (1981). Brain of the firm: The managerial cybernetics of organization. New York: Wiley.
go back to reference Beer, S. (1985). Diagnosing the system for organizations. Chichester: Wiley. Beer, S. (1985). Diagnosing the system for organizations. Chichester: Wiley.
go back to reference Beer, S. (1979). The heart of enterprise. Chichester: Wiley. Beer, S. (1979). The heart of enterprise. Chichester: Wiley.
go back to reference Beer, S. (1989). The viable system model: Its provenance, development, methodology and pathology. In R. Espejo & R. Harnden (Eds.), The viable system model, interpretations and applications of Stafford Beer’s VSM. Chichester: Wiley. Beer, S. (1989). The viable system model: Its provenance, development, methodology and pathology. In R. Espejo & R. Harnden (Eds.), The viable system model, interpretations and applications of Stafford Beer’s VSM. Chichester: Wiley.
go back to reference Beermann, M. (2011). Linking corporate climate adaptation strategies with resilience thinking. Journal of Cleaner Production, 19(8), 836–842.CrossRef Beermann, M. (2011). Linking corporate climate adaptation strategies with resilience thinking. Journal of Cleaner Production, 19(8), 836–842.CrossRef
go back to reference Bergström, J., van Winsen, R., & Henriqson, E. (2015). On the rationale of resilience in the domain of safety: A literature review. Reliability Engineering & System Safety, 141, 131–141.CrossRef Bergström, J., van Winsen, R., & Henriqson, E. (2015). On the rationale of resilience in the domain of safety: A literature review. Reliability Engineering & System Safety, 141, 131–141.CrossRef
go back to reference Berliet, J. -P., (2009). Increasing the resilience of insurance companies. Risk Management (June, pp. 6–9). Berliet, J. -P., (2009). Increasing the resilience of insurance companies. Risk Management (June, pp. 6–9).
go back to reference Bhamidipaty, A., Lotlikar, R., & Banavar, G. (2007). RMI: A framework for modeling and evaluating the resiliency maturity of IT service organizations. IEEE International Conference on Services Computing (SCC 2007) (pp. 300–307). UT: Salt Lake City.CrossRef Bhamidipaty, A., Lotlikar, R., & Banavar, G. (2007). RMI: A framework for modeling and evaluating the resiliency maturity of IT service organizations. IEEE International Conference on Services Computing (SCC 2007) (pp. 300–307). UT: Salt Lake City.CrossRef
go back to reference Burnard, K., & Bhamra, R. (2011). Organisational resilience: Development of a conceptual framework for organisational responses. International Journal of Production Research, 49(18), 5581–5599.CrossRef Burnard, K., & Bhamra, R. (2011). Organisational resilience: Development of a conceptual framework for organisational responses. International Journal of Production Research, 49(18), 5581–5599.CrossRef
go back to reference Chand, A. M., & Loosemore, M. (2012). Hospital facility resilience: An adaptation framework for extreme weather events. In Association of Researchers in Construction Management, ARCOM 2012 - Proceedings of the 28th Annual Conference (pp. 101–110). Chand, A. M., & Loosemore, M. (2012). Hospital facility resilience: An adaptation framework for extreme weather events. In Association of Researchers in Construction Management, ARCOM 2012 - Proceedings of the 28th Annual Conference (pp. 101–110).
go back to reference Chopra, S. S., & Khanna, V. (2014). Understanding resilience in industrial symbiosis networks: Insights from network analysis. Journal of Environmental Management, 141, 86–94. Chopra, S. S., & Khanna, V. (2014). Understanding resilience in industrial symbiosis networks: Insights from network analysis. Journal of Environmental Management, 141, 86–94.
go back to reference Coutu, D. L. (2002). How resilience works. Harvard Business Review, 80(5), 46–56. Coutu, D. L. (2002). How resilience works. Harvard Business Review, 80(5), 46–56.
go back to reference Crichton, M. T., Ramsay, C. G., & Kelly, T. (2009). Enhancing organizational resilience through emergency planning: Learnings from cross-sectoral lessons. Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management, 17(1), 24–37.CrossRef Crichton, M. T., Ramsay, C. G., & Kelly, T. (2009). Enhancing organizational resilience through emergency planning: Learnings from cross-sectoral lessons. Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management, 17(1), 24–37.CrossRef
go back to reference Demmer, W. A., Vickery, S. K., & Calantone, R. (2011). Engendering resilience in small-and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs): A case study of Demmer Corporation. International Journal of Production Research, 49(18), 5395–5413.CrossRef Demmer, W. A., Vickery, S. K., & Calantone, R. (2011). Engendering resilience in small-and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs): A case study of Demmer Corporation. International Journal of Production Research, 49(18), 5395–5413.CrossRef
go back to reference Dervitsiotis, K. N. (2004). Navigating in turbulent environmental conditions for sustainable business excellence. Total Quality Management & Business Excellence, 15(5–6), 807–827.CrossRef Dervitsiotis, K. N. (2004). Navigating in turbulent environmental conditions for sustainable business excellence. Total Quality Management & Business Excellence, 15(5–6), 807–827.CrossRef
go back to reference Erol, O., Sauser, B. J., & Mansouri, M. (2010). A framework for investigation into extended enterprise resilience. Enterprise Information Systems, 4(2), 111–136.CrossRef Erol, O., Sauser, B. J., & Mansouri, M. (2010). A framework for investigation into extended enterprise resilience. Enterprise Information Systems, 4(2), 111–136.CrossRef
go back to reference Fiksel, J. (2003). Designing Resilient, Sustainable Systems. Environmental Science and Technology, 37(23), 5330–5339.CrossRef Fiksel, J. (2003). Designing Resilient, Sustainable Systems. Environmental Science and Technology, 37(23), 5330–5339.CrossRef
go back to reference Fiksel, J. (2006). Sustainability and resilience: Toward a systems approach. Sustainability: Science, Practice, & Policy, 2(2), 14–21. Fiksel, J. (2006). Sustainability and resilience: Toward a systems approach. Sustainability: Science, Practice, & Policy, 2(2), 14–21.
go back to reference Gibson, C., & Tarrant, M. (2010). A “Conceptual Models” approach to organisational resilience. The Australian Journal of Emergency Management, 25(02), 8–14. Gibson, C., & Tarrant, M. (2010). A “Conceptual Models” approach to organisational resilience. The Australian Journal of Emergency Management, 25(02), 8–14.
go back to reference Hamel, G., & Valikangas, L. (2003). The quest for resilience. Harvard Business Review, 81(9), 52–65. Hamel, G., & Valikangas, L. (2003). The quest for resilience. Harvard Business Review, 81(9), 52–65.
go back to reference Hardy, T. L. (2014). Resilience: A holistic safety approach. In Proceedings—Annual Reliability and Maintainability Symposium (pp. 1–6). Hardy, T. L. (2014). Resilience: A holistic safety approach. In Proceedings—Annual Reliability and Maintainability Symposium (pp. 1–6).
go back to reference Hetzler, S. (2008). Pathological systems. International Journal of Applied Systemic Studies, 2(special issue: organizational cybernetics in focus, Pérez Rios, J. and Schwaninger, M. [Guest Editors]). Hetzler, S. (2008). Pathological systems. International Journal of Applied Systemic Studies, 2(special issue: organizational cybernetics in focus, Pérez Rios, J. and Schwaninger, M. [Guest Editors]).
go back to reference Hilton, J., Wright, C., & Kiparoglou, V. (2012). Building resilience into systems. In SysCon 2012–2012 IEEE International Systems Conference, Proceedings (pp. 638–645). Hilton, J., Wright, C., & Kiparoglou, V. (2012). Building resilience into systems. In SysCon 2012–2012 IEEE International Systems Conference, Proceedings (pp. 638–645).
go back to reference Hollnagel, E. (2010). How resilient is your organisation? An introduction to the resilience analysis grid (RAG). Sustainable transformation: Building a resilient organization. Hollnagel, E. (2010). How resilient is your organisation? An introduction to the resilience analysis grid (RAG). Sustainable transformation: Building a resilient organization.
go back to reference Horne, J. F., & Orr, J. E. (1998). Assessing behaviors that create resilient organizations. Employment relations today (pp. 29–39). Horne, J. F., & Orr, J. E. (1998). Assessing behaviors that create resilient organizations. Employment relations today (pp. 29–39).
go back to reference Jaaron, A. A. M., & Backhouse, C. J. (2014). Service organisations resilience through the application of the vanguard method of systems thinking: A case study approach. International Journal of Production Research, 52(7), 2026–2041.CrossRef Jaaron, A. A. M., & Backhouse, C. J. (2014). Service organisations resilience through the application of the vanguard method of systems thinking: A case study approach. International Journal of Production Research, 52(7), 2026–2041.CrossRef
go back to reference Jackson, S. (2007). A multidisciplinary framework for resilence to disasters and disruptions. Journal of Integrated Design and Process Science, 11(2), 91–108. Jackson, S. (2007). A multidisciplinary framework for resilence to disasters and disruptions. Journal of Integrated Design and Process Science, 11(2), 91–108.
go back to reference Kendra, J., & Wachtendorf, T. (2002). Elements of community resilience in the world trade center attack (pp. 97–103). Kendra, J., & Wachtendorf, T. (2002). Elements of community resilience in the world trade center attack (pp. 97–103).
go back to reference Lee, A. V., Vargo, J., & Seville, E. (2013). Developing a tool to measure and compare organizations’ resilience. Natural Hazards Review, 14, 29–41.CrossRef Lee, A. V., Vargo, J., & Seville, E. (2013). Developing a tool to measure and compare organizations’ resilience. Natural Hazards Review, 14, 29–41.CrossRef
go back to reference Linnenluecke, M., & Griffiths, A. (2010). Beyond adaptation: Resilience for business in light of climate change and weather extremes. Business and Society, 49(3), 477–511.CrossRef Linnenluecke, M., & Griffiths, A. (2010). Beyond adaptation: Resilience for business in light of climate change and weather extremes. Business and Society, 49(3), 477–511.CrossRef
go back to reference Mafabi, S., Munene, J. C., & Ahiauzu, A. (2015). Creative climate and organisational resilience: The mediating role of innovation. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 23(4), 564–587.CrossRef Mafabi, S., Munene, J. C., & Ahiauzu, A. (2015). Creative climate and organisational resilience: The mediating role of innovation. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 23(4), 564–587.CrossRef
go back to reference Mallak, L. A. (1997). How to build a resilient organization. In Proceedings of the industrial engineering solutions 1997 conference (pp. 170–177) Miami. Mallak, L. A. (1997). How to build a resilient organization. In Proceedings of the industrial engineering solutions 1997 conference (pp. 170–177) Miami.
go back to reference Mallak, L. A. (1998a). Measuring resilience in health care provider organizations. Health manpower management, 24(4), 148–152.CrossRef Mallak, L. A. (1998a). Measuring resilience in health care provider organizations. Health manpower management, 24(4), 148–152.CrossRef
go back to reference Mallak, L. A. (1998b). Putting organisational resilience to work. Industrial Management, 40(6), 8–13. Mallak, L. A. (1998b). Putting organisational resilience to work. Industrial Management, 40(6), 8–13.
go back to reference Manyena, S. B. (2006). The concept of resilience revisited. Disasters, 30(4), 433–450.CrossRef Manyena, S. B. (2006). The concept of resilience revisited. Disasters, 30(4), 433–450.CrossRef
go back to reference McManus, S., et al. (2008). Facilitated process for improving organizational resilience. Natural Hazards Review, 9(2), 81–90.CrossRef McManus, S., et al. (2008). Facilitated process for improving organizational resilience. Natural Hazards Review, 9(2), 81–90.CrossRef
go back to reference Orchiston, C., Prayag, G., & Brown, C. (2016). Organizational resilience in the tourism sector. Annals of Tourism Research, 56, 145–148.CrossRef Orchiston, C., Prayag, G., & Brown, C. (2016). Organizational resilience in the tourism sector. Annals of Tourism Research, 56, 145–148.CrossRef
go back to reference Pérez Ríos, J. (2008). Aplicación de la Cibernética Organizacional al estudio de la viabilidad de las organizaciones. Patologías organizativas frecuentes (parte 2a y final). DYNA, 83(7), 403–422. Pérez Ríos, J. (2008). Aplicación de la Cibernética Organizacional al estudio de la viabilidad de las organizaciones. Patologías organizativas frecuentes (parte 2a y final). DYNA, 83(7), 403–422.
go back to reference Pérez Ríos, J. (2012). Design and diagnosis for sustainable organizations: The viable system method. Heidelberg, New York, Dordrecht, London: Springer.CrossRef Pérez Ríos, J. (2012). Design and diagnosis for sustainable organizations: The viable system method. Heidelberg, New York, Dordrecht, London: Springer.CrossRef
go back to reference Pérez Ríos, J. (2010). Models of organizational cybernetics for diagnosis and design. Kybernetes, 39(9/10), 1529–1550.CrossRef Pérez Ríos, J. (2010). Models of organizational cybernetics for diagnosis and design. Kybernetes, 39(9/10), 1529–1550.CrossRef
go back to reference Powley, E. H. (2009). Reclaiming resilience and safety: Resilience activation in the critical period of crisis. Human Relations, 62(9), 1289–1326.CrossRef Powley, E. H. (2009). Reclaiming resilience and safety: Resilience activation in the critical period of crisis. Human Relations, 62(9), 1289–1326.CrossRef
go back to reference Preis, A. (2014). A framework for cybernetic resilience management. In Proceedings of the 5th international disaster and risk conference: Integrative risk management —The role of science, technology and practice, IDRC Davos 2014 (pp. 584–587). Preis, A. (2014). A framework for cybernetic resilience management. In Proceedings of the 5th international disaster and risk conference: Integrative risk management —The role of science, technology and practice, IDRC Davos 2014 (pp. 584–587).
go back to reference Proper, J. W., & Pienaar, W. J. (2011). Resilience as an imperative in public transport organisations. Corporate Ownership and Control, 8(4D), 373–388. Proper, J. W., & Pienaar, W. J. (2011). Resilience as an imperative in public transport organisations. Corporate Ownership and Control, 8(4D), 373–388.
go back to reference Reinmoeller, P., & Van Baardwijk, N. (2005). The link between diversity and resilience. MIT Sloan Management Review, 46(4), 61. Reinmoeller, P., & Van Baardwijk, N. (2005). The link between diversity and resilience. MIT Sloan Management Review, 46(4), 61.
go back to reference Riolli, L., & Savicki, V. (2003). Information system organizational resilience. Omega, 31(1), 227–233.CrossRef Riolli, L., & Savicki, V. (2003). Information system organizational resilience. Omega, 31(1), 227–233.CrossRef
go back to reference Robb, D. (2000). Building Resilient Organizations. OD Practitioner, 32(3), 27–32. Robb, D. (2000). Building Resilient Organizations. OD Practitioner, 32(3), 27–32.
go back to reference Rose, A. (2004). Defining and measuring economic resilience to disasters. Disaster Prevention and Management: An International Journal, 13(4), 307–314.CrossRef Rose, A. (2004). Defining and measuring economic resilience to disasters. Disaster Prevention and Management: An International Journal, 13(4), 307–314.CrossRef
go back to reference Sanchis, R., & Poler, R. (2013). Definition of a framework to support strategic decisions to improve enterprise resilience. In IFAC Proceedings Volumes (IFAC-PapersOnline) (pp. 700–705). Sanchis, R., & Poler, R. (2013). Definition of a framework to support strategic decisions to improve enterprise resilience. In IFAC Proceedings Volumes (IFAC-PapersOnline) (pp. 700–705).
go back to reference Schwaninger, M. (2009). Intelligent organizations. Powerful Models for Systemic Management (2nd ed.), Berlin: Springer. Schwaninger, M. (2009). Intelligent organizations. Powerful Models for Systemic Management (2nd ed.), Berlin: Springer.
go back to reference Schwaninger, M., & Pérez Ríos, J. (2008). System dynamics and cybernetics: a synergetic pair. System Dynamics Review 24(2), 145–174. Schwaninger, M., & Pérez Ríos, J. (2008). System dynamics and cybernetics: a synergetic pair. System Dynamics Review 24(2), 145–174.
go back to reference Seville, E. (2009). Resilience: Great Concept… But What Does it Mean for Organizations? Tephra (pp. 9–14). Seville, E. (2009). Resilience: Great Concept… But What Does it Mean for Organizations? Tephra (pp. 9–14).
go back to reference Sheffi, Y., & Rice Jr., J. B. (2005). A supply chain view of the resilient enterprise. MIT Sloan Management Review, 47(1), 41–48, 94. Sheffi, Y., & Rice Jr., J. B. (2005). A supply chain view of the resilient enterprise. MIT Sloan Management Review, 47(1), 41–48, 94.
go back to reference Somers, S. (2009). Measuring resilience potential: An adaptive strategy for organizational crisis planning. Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management, 17(1), 12–23.CrossRef Somers, S. (2009). Measuring resilience potential: An adaptive strategy for organizational crisis planning. Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management, 17(1), 12–23.CrossRef
go back to reference Stewart, J., & O’Donnell, M. (2007). Implementing change in a public agency. International Journal of Public Sector Management, 20(3), 239–251.CrossRef Stewart, J., & O’Donnell, M. (2007). Implementing change in a public agency. International Journal of Public Sector Management, 20(3), 239–251.CrossRef
go back to reference Thomas, A., et al. (2016). Profiling the resiliency and sustainability of UK manufacturing companies. Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, 27(1), 82–99.CrossRef Thomas, A., et al. (2016). Profiling the resiliency and sustainability of UK manufacturing companies. Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, 27(1), 82–99.CrossRef
go back to reference Van Trijp, J. M. P., Ulieru, M., & Van Gelder, P. H. A. J. M. (2012). Quantitative approach of organizational resilience for a Dutch emergency response safety region. In Advances in safety, reliability and risk management —Proceedings of the European safety and reliability conference, ESREL 2011 (pp. 173–180). Van Trijp, J. M. P., Ulieru, M., & Van Gelder, P. H. A. J. M. (2012). Quantitative approach of organizational resilience for a Dutch emergency response safety region. In Advances in safety, reliability and risk management —Proceedings of the European safety and reliability conference, ESREL 2011 (pp. 173–180).
go back to reference Whitman, Z. R., et al. (2013). Short-form version of the benchmark resilience tool (BRT-53). Measuring Business Excellence, 17(3), 3–14.CrossRef Whitman, Z. R., et al. (2013). Short-form version of the benchmark resilience tool (BRT-53). Measuring Business Excellence, 17(3), 3–14.CrossRef
go back to reference Winston, A. (2014). Resilience in a hotter world. Harvard Business Review, 92(4), 56–64, 132. Winston, A. (2014). Resilience in a hotter world. Harvard Business Review, 92(4), 56–64, 132.
go back to reference Zhang, W. J., & Van Luttervelt, C. A. (2011). Toward a resilient manufacturing system. CIRP Annals - Manufacturing Technology, 60(1), 469–472.CrossRef Zhang, W. J., & Van Luttervelt, C. A. (2011). Toward a resilient manufacturing system. CIRP Annals - Manufacturing Technology, 60(1), 469–472.CrossRef
Metadata
Title
The Application of the Viable System Model to Enhance Organizational Resilience
Authors
Cristina Ruiz-Martin
José Manuel Pérez Rios
Gabiel Wainer
Javier Pajares
Cesáreo Hernández
Adolfo López-Paredes
Copyright Year
2017
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55889-9_5

Premium Partners