Skip to main content
Top

2018 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

6. The Beginning of a New Renaissance in ICT

Authors : Norberto Patrignani, Diane Whitehouse

Published in: Slow Tech and ICT

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

This chapter looks back in history as well as forward, in terms of where computing is heading. The chapter concentrates on the co-shaping of society and technology. To portray this co-shaping clearly, there is an exploration of the history of computing from its early days, throughout the Second World War, to three distinct periods: host computing, personal computing, and cloud computing. While a preoccupation with computer ethics emerged in the late 01950s, in 02017 the thrust is towards a more proactive form of computer ethics. Indeed, Slow Tech forms a part of this general trend. It also acts as a means to introduce a more holistic view of ICT systems and Complex Socio-Technical Systems. In its conclusion, this chapter explores a new direction in thinking, which facilitates a longer-term view of ICT: it is the concept of responsible research and innovation. The ideas are captured in a simple model. This chapter provides thoughtful insights into the contemporary development of Slow Tech.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literature
go back to reference Babbage, C. (1832). On the Economy of Machinery and Manufactures. Pall Mall East: Charles Knight. Babbage, C. (1832). On the Economy of Machinery and Manufactures. Pall Mall East: Charles Knight.
go back to reference Bailey, B. J. (1998). The Luddite Rebellion. New York: New York University Press. Bailey, B. J. (1998). The Luddite Rebellion. New York: New York University Press.
go back to reference Bivee. (2014). Business Innovation in Virtual Enterprise Environment. EU FP7 Project no.285746 on the theme FoF-ICT-2011.7.3—Virtual Factories and Enterprises. http://bivee.eu. Accessed [9 October 2017]. Bivee. (2014). Business Innovation in Virtual Enterprise Environment. EU FP7 Project no.285746 on the theme FoF-ICT-2011.7.3Virtual Factories and Enterprises. http://​bivee.​eu. Accessed [9 October 2017].
go back to reference Bradley, K. (2015). Open-Source Urbanism: Creating, Multiplying and Managing Urban Commons. Footprint Delft Architecture Theory Journal, 16, 9(1), 91–108. Bradley, K. (2015). Open-Source Urbanism: Creating, Multiplying and Managing Urban Commons. Footprint Delft Architecture Theory Journal, 16, 9(1), 91–108.
go back to reference Bradley, G. (2017). The Good ICT Society. From Theory to Actions. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge Focus. Bradley, G. (2017). The Good ICT Society. From Theory to Actions. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge Focus.
go back to reference Bynum, T. W. (1999, July 14–16). The Foundation of Computer Ethics. Keynote Address at The Australian Institute of Computer Ethics Conference 1999 (AICEC99), Melbourne. Bynum, T. W. (1999, July 14–16). The Foundation of Computer Ethics. Keynote Address at The Australian Institute of Computer Ethics Conference 1999 (AICEC99), Melbourne.
go back to reference Capra, F., & Luisi, P. L. (2014). The Systems View of Life, A Unifying Vision. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRef Capra, F., & Luisi, P. L. (2014). The Systems View of Life, A Unifying Vision. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRef
go back to reference Cerf, V. G., & Kahn, R. E. (1974). A Protocol for Packet Network Intercommunication. IEEE Transactions on Communications, 22(5), 637–648.CrossRef Cerf, V. G., & Kahn, R. E. (1974). A Protocol for Packet Network Intercommunication. IEEE Transactions on Communications, 22(5), 637–648.CrossRef
go back to reference Checkland, P. (1981). Systems Thinking, Systems Practice. Chichester: Wiley. Checkland, P. (1981). Systems Thinking, Systems Practice. Chichester: Wiley.
go back to reference Church, A. (1932). A Set of Postulates for the Foundation of Logic. Annals of Mathematics (2nd Series), 33(2), 346–366.CrossRef Church, A. (1932). A Set of Postulates for the Foundation of Logic. Annals of Mathematics (2nd Series), 33(2), 346–366.CrossRef
go back to reference Collingridge, D. (1981). The Social Control of Technology. London: Palgrave Macmillan. Collingridge, D. (1981). The Social Control of Technology. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
go back to reference De George, R. T. (2003). The Ethics of Information Technology and Business. Hoboken: Blackwell.CrossRef De George, R. T. (2003). The Ethics of Information Technology and Business. Hoboken: Blackwell.CrossRef
go back to reference Diogenes Laertius. (1925, January 1). Quoted in Lives of Eminent Philosophers (R. D. Hicks, Trans.). Loeb Classical Library. Diogenes Laertius. (1925, January 1). Quoted in Lives of Eminent Philosophers (R. D. Hicks, Trans.). Loeb Classical Library.
go back to reference Dougherty, P. H. (1984, June 26). Advertising: Chiat Wins at Cannes for ‘1984’ Apple Spot. The New York Times. Dougherty, P. H. (1984, June 26). Advertising: Chiat Wins at Cannes for ‘1984’ Apple Spot. The New York Times.
go back to reference Emery, F. E. (Ed.). (1969). Systems Thinking. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books. Emery, F. E. (Ed.). (1969). Systems Thinking. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books.
go back to reference Flood, R., Rice, A., & Wilson, R. (2011). Mathematics in Victorian Britain. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Flood, R., Rice, A., & Wilson, R. (2011). Mathematics in Victorian Britain. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
go back to reference François, C. (1999). Systemics and Cybernetics in a Historical Perspective. Systems Research and Behavioral Science, 16, 203–219.CrossRef François, C. (1999). Systemics and Cybernetics in a Historical Perspective. Systems Research and Behavioral Science, 16, 203–219.CrossRef
go back to reference Friedman, B. (1996, November/December). Value Sensitive Design. Interactions. Friedman, B. (1996, November/December). Value Sensitive Design. Interactions.
go back to reference Gold, R. (1998). The Seven Pragmas of Innovation. Presentation given at Palo Alto Research Center on 8 October 1998. Gold, R. (1998). The Seven Pragmas of Innovation. Presentation given at Palo Alto Research Center on 8 October 1998.
go back to reference Gotterbarn, D., & Rogerson, S. (2005). Next Generation Software Development: Responsible Risk Analysis Using SoDIS. Communications of the Association for Information Systems, 15, 730–750. Gotterbarn, D., & Rogerson, S. (2005). Next Generation Software Development: Responsible Risk Analysis Using SoDIS. Communications of the Association for Information Systems, 15, 730–750.
go back to reference Grier, D. A. (2007). When Computers Were Human. Princeton: Princeton University Press. Grier, D. A. (2007). When Computers Were Human. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
go back to reference Hamari, J., Huotari, K., & Tolvanen, J. (2015). Gamification and Economics. In S. P. Walz & S. Deterding (Eds.), The Gameful World: Approaches, Issues, Applications (pp. 139–161). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Hamari, J., Huotari, K., & Tolvanen, J. (2015). Gamification and Economics. In S. P. Walz & S. Deterding (Eds.), The Gameful World: Approaches, Issues, Applications (pp. 139–161). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
go back to reference Hammons, R. L., Patrignani, N., & Whitehouse, D. (2017). The Slow Tech Journey: An Approach to Teaching Corporate Social Responsibility. Design & Technology Education: An International Journal. Manuscript submitted for publication. Hammons, R. L., Patrignani, N., & Whitehouse, D. (2017). The Slow Tech Journey: An Approach to Teaching Corporate Social Responsibility. Design & Technology Education: An International Journal. Manuscript submitted for publication.
go back to reference IBM. (1981, August 12). Personal Computer Announced by IBM. Press release by Information Systems Division, Entry Systems Business. IBM. (1981, August 12). Personal Computer Announced by IBM. Press release by Information Systems Division, Entry Systems Business.
go back to reference Johnson, D. G. (1985). Computer Ethics. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall. Johnson, D. G. (1985). Computer Ethics. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall.
go back to reference Johnson, D. G. (2009). Computer Ethics (4th ed., pp. 13–20). Englewood Cliffs: Pearson International Edition, Prentice Hall. Johnson, D. G. (2009). Computer Ethics (4th ed., pp. 13–20). Englewood Cliffs: Pearson International Edition, Prentice Hall.
go back to reference Johnson, S. (2010). Where Good Ideas Come from: The Natural History of Innovation. New York: Riverhead Books. Johnson, S. (2010). Where Good Ideas Come from: The Natural History of Innovation. New York: Riverhead Books.
go back to reference Jonas, H. (1985). The Imperative of Responsibility: In Search of an Ethics for the Technological Age (H. Jonas & D. Herr, Trans.). Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Originally published as Das Prinzip Verantwortung: Versuch einer Ethik fur die technologische Zivilisation [Frankfurt am Main: Insel Verlag, 1979]. Jonas, H. (1985). The Imperative of Responsibility: In Search of an Ethics for the Technological Age (H. Jonas & D. Herr, Trans.). Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Originally published as Das Prinzip Verantwortung: Versuch einer Ethik fur die technologische Zivilisation [Frankfurt am Main: Insel Verlag, 1979].
go back to reference Jones, P. (2014). Systemic Design Principles for Complex Social Systems. In G. Metcalf (Ed.), Social Systems and Design, Translational Systems Science Series (Vol. 1, pp. 91–128). Tokyo: Springer Japan.CrossRef Jones, P. (2014). Systemic Design Principles for Complex Social Systems. In G. Metcalf (Ed.), Social Systems and Design, Translational Systems Science Series (Vol. 1, pp. 91–128). Tokyo: Springer Japan.CrossRef
go back to reference Laszlo, E. (1996). The Systems View of the World: A Holistic Vision for Our Time. Cresskill: Hampton Press. Laszlo, E. (1996). The Systems View of the World: A Holistic Vision for Our Time. Cresskill: Hampton Press.
go back to reference Lessig, L. (1999). Code and Other Laws of Cyberspace. New York: Basic Books. Lessig, L. (1999). Code and Other Laws of Cyberspace. New York: Basic Books.
go back to reference Maner, W. (1978). Starter Kit in Computer Ethics. New York: Hyde Park. Maner, W. (1978). Starter Kit in Computer Ethics. New York: Hyde Park.
go back to reference Meadows, D. H., Meadows, D. L., Randers, J., & Behrens, W. W., III. (1972). The Limits to Growth. New York: Universe Books. Meadows, D. H., Meadows, D. L., Randers, J., & Behrens, W. W., III. (1972). The Limits to Growth. New York: Universe Books.
go back to reference Moor, J. H. (1985). What Is Computer Ethics? Metaphilosophy, 16(4), 266–275.CrossRef Moor, J. H. (1985). What Is Computer Ethics? Metaphilosophy, 16(4), 266–275.CrossRef
go back to reference Mosco, V. (2014). To the Cloud: Big Data in a Turbulent World. Boulder: Paradigm Publishers. Mosco, V. (2014). To the Cloud: Big Data in a Turbulent World. Boulder: Paradigm Publishers.
go back to reference Nissenbaum, H. (1998). Values in the Design of Computer Systems. Computers in Society, 28, 38–39.CrossRef Nissenbaum, H. (1998). Values in the Design of Computer Systems. Computers in Society, 28, 38–39.CrossRef
go back to reference Parker, D. (1968). Rules of Ethics in Information Processing. Communications of the ACM, 11(3), 198–201.CrossRef Parker, D. (1968). Rules of Ethics in Information Processing. Communications of the ACM, 11(3), 198–201.CrossRef
go back to reference Patrignani, N., & Kavathatzopoulos, I. (2013). The Brave New World of Socio-Technical Systems: Cloud Computing. In T. W. Bynum, W. Fleischman, A. Gerdes, G. M. Nielsen & S. Rogerson (Eds.), The Possibilities of Ethical ICT, Proceedings of ETHICOMP 2013—International Conference on the Social and Ethical Impacts of Information and Communication Technology, Print & Sign University of Southern Denmark, Kolding. Patrignani, N., & Kavathatzopoulos, I. (2013). The Brave New World of Socio-Technical Systems: Cloud Computing. In T. W. Bynum, W. Fleischman, A. Gerdes, G. M. Nielsen & S. Rogerson (Eds.), The Possibilities of Ethical ICT, Proceedings of ETHICOMP 2013—International Conference on the Social and Ethical Impacts of Information and Communication Technology, Print & Sign University of Southern Denmark, Kolding.
go back to reference Patrignani, N., & Whitehouse, D. (2014). Slow Tech: A Quest for Good, Clean and Fair ICT. Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics, 12(2), 78–92.CrossRef Patrignani, N., & Whitehouse, D. (2014). Slow Tech: A Quest for Good, Clean and Fair ICT. Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics, 12(2), 78–92.CrossRef
go back to reference Pruchnic, J. (2013). Rhetoric and Ethics in the Cybernetic Age: The Transhuman Condition. New York: Routledge. Pruchnic, J. (2013). Rhetoric and Ethics in the Cybernetic Age: The Transhuman Condition. New York: Routledge.
go back to reference Science. (2009, July 24). Complex Systems and Networks. Special issue, 325(5939), 357–504. Science. (2009, July 24). Complex Systems and Networks. Special issue, 325(5939), 357–504.
go back to reference Shannon, C. E., & Weaver, W. (1949). The Mathematical Theory of Communication. Urbana: The University of Illinois Press. Shannon, C. E., & Weaver, W. (1949). The Mathematical Theory of Communication. Urbana: The University of Illinois Press.
go back to reference Spiekermann, S. (2015). Ethical IT Innovation: A Value-Based System Design Approach. Boca Raton: Auerbach.CrossRef Spiekermann, S. (2015). Ethical IT Innovation: A Value-Based System Design Approach. Boca Raton: Auerbach.CrossRef
go back to reference Stahl, B. C., Eden, G., Jirotka, M., & Coeckelbergh, M. (2014). From Computer Ethics to Responsible Research and Innovation. Information & Management, 51(6), 810–818, Elsevier. Stahl, B. C., Eden, G., Jirotka, M., & Coeckelbergh, M. (2014). From Computer Ethics to Responsible Research and Innovation. Information & Management, 51(6), 810–818, Elsevier.
go back to reference Stilgoe, J., Owen, R., & Macnaghten, P. (2013, November). Developing a Framework for Responsible Innovation. Research Policy, 42, 1568–1580, Elsevier. Stilgoe, J., Owen, R., & Macnaghten, P. (2013, November). Developing a Framework for Responsible Innovation. Research Policy, 42, 1568–1580, Elsevier.
go back to reference Tucker, A. B. (1991). Computing Curricula 1991. Communications of the ACM, 34(6), 68–84.CrossRef Tucker, A. B. (1991). Computing Curricula 1991. Communications of the ACM, 34(6), 68–84.CrossRef
go back to reference Turing, A. (1937). On Computable Numbers, with an Application to the Entscheidungsproblem. Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society, Ser. 2, 42, 230–265. Turing, A. (1937). On Computable Numbers, with an Application to the Entscheidungsproblem. Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society, Ser. 2, 42, 230–265.
go back to reference Von Neumann, J. (1945). First Draft of a Report on the EDVAC. Moore School of Electrical Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia. Von Neumann, J. (1945). First Draft of a Report on the EDVAC. Moore School of Electrical Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
go back to reference Wall Street Journal. (1965, October 15). Desk-Top Size Computer Is Being Sold by Olivetti for First Time in US. Wall Street Journal. (1965, October 15). Desk-Top Size Computer Is Being Sold by Olivetti for First Time in US.
go back to reference Weaver, W. (1948). Science and Complexity. American Scientist, 36, 536–544. Weaver, W. (1948). Science and Complexity. American Scientist, 36, 536–544.
go back to reference Weizenbaum, J. (1976). Computer Power and Human Reason: From Judgment to Calculation. New York/San Francisco: W.H. Freeman. Weizenbaum, J. (1976). Computer Power and Human Reason: From Judgment to Calculation. New York/San Francisco: W.H. Freeman.
go back to reference Wiener, N. (1954). The Human Use of Human Beings: Cybernetics and Society. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1950; 2nd edn revised, Garden City: Doubleday Anchor, 1954; citations are from the 2nd edn revised, 1954. Wiener, N. (1954). The Human Use of Human Beings: Cybernetics and Society. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1950; 2nd edn revised, Garden City: Doubleday Anchor, 1954; citations are from the 2nd edn revised, 1954.
go back to reference Wiener, N. (1961). Cybernetics: Or Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine (2nd ed.). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1948. Wiener, N. (1961). Cybernetics: Or Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine (2nd ed.). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1948.
Metadata
Title
The Beginning of a New Renaissance in ICT
Authors
Norberto Patrignani
Diane Whitehouse
Copyright Year
2018
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68944-9_6

Premium Partner