9. The Evolution of the Rule-Based System for Global Climate Governance Based on Science and Practices

Global climate governance is a global political consensus based on scientific understanding and its practices. Since the 1970s, the issue of climate change has gradually attracted global attention. The development of relevant natural sciences, engineering technologies, and social sciences has laid a solid scientific basis for countries around the world to formulate a governance system for jointly tackling climate change. As the scientific basis for global climate governance continues to deepen and evolve, policies and measures of each country, as well as global concerted actions have continuously improved in the process of practices. Therefore, the rule-based system for global climate governance has been continuously upgraded and improved to meet scientific requirements and practical experience. Given the development of global climate change and the evolution of global political and economic landscape, the rule-based system for global climate governance was expected to continue to evolve after the conclusion of the Paris Agreement. Therefore, the international community needs to make greater efforts. Particularly, it needs to help developing countries gain adequate finances, technologies, and capabilities to adapt to climate change and reduce greenhouse gas emissions in accelerating socioeconomic development.