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2016 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

5. The Global Financial Crisis

Author : Heleen Mees

Published in: The Chinese Birdcage

Publisher: Palgrave Macmillan US

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Abstract

By 2007, the first cracks in the financial ceiling started to show. The US housing market was over its peak, oil prices were spiraling out of control, and consumer confidence sank. As people started to lose their jobs, default rates on mortgages started to creep up, affecting initially the subprime mortgages, but later on, prime mortgages as well. In June 2007, two Bear Stearns hedge funds collapsed. It would take another year for the fire to spread to other Wall Street banks. After the collapse of Lehman Brothers, governments on either side of the pond scrambled to rescue their banks as European banks had invested heavily in American toxic mortgages. Amid the financial panic, the huge imbalances within the euro area became apparent too.

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Footnotes
1
Median Usual Weekly Real Earnings, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis.
 
2
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis.
 
3
Price change between 2000 and 2008, FAO.
 
4
4-week Moving Average of Initial Claims, FRED.
 
5
Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago.
 
6
Greenspan, Alan, and James Kennedy, “Sources and Uses of Equity Extracted from Homes,” Federal Reserve, 2007.
 
7
Another explanation is that the housing market affects the general economy and people default on their home loans because they lost their job.
 
8
Wenli Li and Michelle J. White, “Mortgage Default, Foreclosures and Bankruptcy in the Context of the Financial Crisis,” 2009.
 
9
My own calculations using non-trade weighted data from the Federal Housing Finance Agency.
 
10
Gene Amromin and Anna L. Paulson, 2010.
 
11
Willem H. Buiter, “Rescuing the Bear: why and why this way?,” The Financial Times blog, March 14, 2007.
 
12
“Citi Chief on Buyouts: ‘We’re Still Dancing’,” The New York Times, July 10, 2007.
 
13
Michael Lewis, The Big Short, 2011.
 
14
On the Brink: Inside the Race to Stop the Collapse of the Global Financial System (2010),
 
15
“Revisiting the Lehman Brothers Bailout That Never Was,” The New York Times, September 17, 2014.
 
16
Later that month, Citigroup needed a full-fledged bailout in an asset-relief package worth $306 billion and a further $20 billion recapitalization on top of the earlier $25 billion with the US government ultimately ending up with a 40 percent stake in the Wall Street bank.
 
17
“Treasury Issues TARP Repayment Rules,” Business Insider, May 8, 2009.
 
18
“Measuring Agency MBS Market Liquidity with Transaction Data,” Federal Reserve, 2014.
 
19
“Bank Borrowing from the Federal Reserve and Purchases of Securities,” Congressional Research Service, 2011.
 
20
Article 103 of the EU Treaty holds that the Union shall not be liable for or assume the commitments of central governments.
 
21
“Sovereign liquidity facility: Transfer Europe or bank recapitalization fund? What is the EFSF meant to be?,” Citi Economics, Global Economics View, June 2010.
 
22
“Exclusive: Geithner to float idea of leveraging euro rescue,” Reuters, September 15, 2011.
 
23
Speech by Mario Draghi, President of the European Central Bank at the Global Investment Conference in London, July 26, 2012.
 
Metadata
Title
The Global Financial Crisis
Author
Heleen Mees
Copyright Year
2016
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-58886-9_5