Skip to main content
Top

2019 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

The Various Graphs in Graph Computing

Authors : Rujun Sun, Lufei Zhang

Published in: Computer Engineering and Technology

Publisher: Springer Singapore

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

The world is full of relationships, and graph is the most evident representation for them. With the increasing of data scale, graphs become larger and have encountered a new world of analyzing. What can we learn from a graph? How many kinds of graphs are there? How different is graph from one area to that from another? All these questions need answers, but previous research on graph computing mainly focused on computing frameworks and systems, paying little attention to graph itself.
In this paper, we studied graphs of different kinds, different scales and different mining methods, trying to give a sketcher and classification of graph categories. Besides, we studied characters and analyzed algorithms in each category. We researched public graph datasets to show current graph scale and its trend for future infrastructure.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literature
7.
go back to reference Backstrom, L., Boldi, P., Rosa, M., Ugander, J., Vigna, S.: Four degrees of separation. In: Proceedings of the 4th Annual ACM Web Science Conference, pp. 33–42. ACM (2012) Backstrom, L., Boldi, P., Rosa, M., Ugander, J., Vigna, S.: Four degrees of separation. In: Proceedings of the 4th Annual ACM Web Science Conference, pp. 33–42. ACM (2012)
8.
go back to reference Batagelj, V., Mrvar, A.: Pajek datasets (2006) Batagelj, V., Mrvar, A.: Pajek datasets (2006)
10.
go back to reference Boldi, P., Rosa, M., Santini, M., Vigna, S.: Layered label propagation: a multi resolution coordinate-free ordering for compressing social networks. In: Srinivasan, S., Ramamritham, K., Kumar, A., Ravindra, M.P., Bertino, E., Kumar, R. (eds.) Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 587–596. ACM Press (2011) Boldi, P., Rosa, M., Santini, M., Vigna, S.: Layered label propagation: a multi resolution coordinate-free ordering for compressing social networks. In: Srinivasan, S., Ramamritham, K., Kumar, A., Ravindra, M.P., Bertino, E., Kumar, R. (eds.) Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 587–596. ACM Press (2011)
11.
go back to reference Boldi, P., Vigna, S.: The webgraph framework i: compression techniques. In: Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 595–602. ACM (2004) Boldi, P., Vigna, S.: The webgraph framework i: compression techniques. In: Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 595–602. ACM (2004)
12.
go back to reference Boldi, P., Vigna, S.: The WebGraph framework I: compression techniques. In: Proceedings of the Thirteenth International World Wide Web Conference (WWW 2004), pp. 595–601. ACM Press, Manhattan (2004) Boldi, P., Vigna, S.: The WebGraph framework I: compression techniques. In: Proceedings of the Thirteenth International World Wide Web Conference (WWW 2004), pp. 595–601. ACM Press, Manhattan (2004)
13.
go back to reference Broder, A., et al.: Graph structure in the web. Comput. Netw. 33(1), 309–320 (2000)CrossRef Broder, A., et al.: Graph structure in the web. Comput. Netw. 33(1), 309–320 (2000)CrossRef
14.
go back to reference Cesa-Bianchi, N., Gentile, C., Mansour, Y., Minora, A.: Delay and cooperation in nonstochastic bandits. In: Conference on Learning Theory, pp. 605–622 (2016) Cesa-Bianchi, N., Gentile, C., Mansour, Y., Minora, A.: Delay and cooperation in nonstochastic bandits. In: Conference on Learning Theory, pp. 605–622 (2016)
15.
go back to reference Chakrabarti, D., Zhan, Y., Faloutsos, C.: R-mat: a recursive model for graph mining. In: Proceedings of the 2004 SIAM International Conference on Data Mining, pp. 442–446. SIAM (2004) Chakrabarti, D., Zhan, Y., Faloutsos, C.: R-mat: a recursive model for graph mining. In: Proceedings of the 2004 SIAM International Conference on Data Mining, pp. 442–446. SIAM (2004)
16.
go back to reference Ching, A.: Giraph: production-grade graph processing infrastructure for trillion edge graphs. ATPESC ser. ATPESC 14 (2014) Ching, A.: Giraph: production-grade graph processing infrastructure for trillion edge graphs. ATPESC ser. ATPESC 14 (2014)
17.
go back to reference Ching, A., Edunov, S., Kabiljo, M., Logothetis, D., Muthukrishnan, S.: One trillion edges: graph processing at facebook-scale. Proc. VLDB Endowment 8(12), 1804–1815 (2015)CrossRef Ching, A., Edunov, S., Kabiljo, M., Logothetis, D., Muthukrishnan, S.: One trillion edges: graph processing at facebook-scale. Proc. VLDB Endowment 8(12), 1804–1815 (2015)CrossRef
18.
go back to reference Coppola, M., Locatelli, R., Maruccia, G., Pieralisi, L., Scandurra, A.: Spidergon: a novel on-chip communication network. In: 2004 International Symposium on System-on-Chip, Proceedings, p. 15. IEEE (2004) Coppola, M., Locatelli, R., Maruccia, G., Pieralisi, L., Scandurra, A.: Spidergon: a novel on-chip communication network. In: 2004 International Symposium on System-on-Chip, Proceedings, p. 15. IEEE (2004)
19.
go back to reference Dai, G., Huang, T., Chi, Y., Xu, N., Wang, Y., Yang, H.: Foregraph: Exploring large-scale graph processing on multi-FPGA architecture. Proc. Multi-FPGA Archit. Vertex 1(4), 5 (2017) Dai, G., Huang, T., Chi, Y., Xu, N., Wang, Y., Yang, H.: Foregraph: Exploring large-scale graph processing on multi-FPGA architecture. Proc. Multi-FPGA Archit. Vertex 1(4), 5 (2017)
21.
go back to reference Dill, S., Kumar, R., McCurley, K.S., Rajagopalan, S., Sivakumar, D., Tomkins, A.: Self-similarity in the web. ACM Trans. Internet Technol. (TOIT) 2(3), 205–223 (2002)CrossRef Dill, S., Kumar, R., McCurley, K.S., Rajagopalan, S., Sivakumar, D., Tomkins, A.: Self-similarity in the web. ACM Trans. Internet Technol. (TOIT) 2(3), 205–223 (2002)CrossRef
22.
go back to reference Eirinaki, M., Vazirgiannis, M., Kapogiannis, D.: Web path recommendations based on page ranking and markov models. In: Proceedings of the 7th Annual ACM International Workshop on Web Information and Data Management, pp. 2–9. ACM (2005) Eirinaki, M., Vazirgiannis, M., Kapogiannis, D.: Web path recommendations based on page ranking and markov models. In: Proceedings of the 7th Annual ACM International Workshop on Web Information and Data Management, pp. 2–9. ACM (2005)
24.
go back to reference Ezkurdia, I., et al.: Multiple evidence strands suggest that there may be as few as 19 000 human protein-coding genes. Hum. Mol. Genet. 23(22), 5866–5878 (2014)CrossRef Ezkurdia, I., et al.: Multiple evidence strands suggest that there may be as few as 19 000 human protein-coding genes. Hum. Mol. Genet. 23(22), 5866–5878 (2014)CrossRef
25.
go back to reference Gonzalez, J.E., Low, Y., Gu, H., Bickson, D., Guestrin, C.: PowerGraph: distributed graph-parallel computation on natural graphs. In: OSDI, vol. 12, p. 2 (2012) Gonzalez, J.E., Low, Y., Gu, H., Bickson, D., Guestrin, C.: PowerGraph: distributed graph-parallel computation on natural graphs. In: OSDI, vol. 12, p. 2 (2012)
26.
go back to reference Gonzalez, J.E., Xin, R.S., Dave, A., Crankshaw, D., Franklin, M.J., Stoica, I.: Graphx: graph processing in a distributed dataflow framework. In: OSDI, vol. 14, pp. 599–613 (2014) Gonzalez, J.E., Xin, R.S., Dave, A., Crankshaw, D., Franklin, M.J., Stoica, I.: Graphx: graph processing in a distributed dataflow framework. In: OSDI, vol. 14, pp. 599–613 (2014)
27.
go back to reference Graham, A.: Kronecker Products and Matrix Calculus: With Applications, p. 130. Wiley, New York (1982) Graham, A.: Kronecker Products and Matrix Calculus: With Applications, p. 130. Wiley, New York (1982)
28.
go back to reference Han, W., Zhu, X., Zhu, Z., Chen, W., Zheng, W., Lu, J.: Weibo and a Tale of two worlds. In: Proceedings of the 2015 IEEE/ACM International Conference on Advances in Social Networks Analysis and Mining 2015, pp. 121–128. ACM (2015) Han, W., Zhu, X., Zhu, Z., Chen, W., Zheng, W., Lu, J.: Weibo and a Tale of two worlds. In: Proceedings of the 2015 IEEE/ACM International Conference on Advances in Social Networks Analysis and Mining 2015, pp. 121–128. ACM (2015)
29.
go back to reference Hanneman, R.A., Riddle, M.: Introduction to social network methods (2005) Hanneman, R.A., Riddle, M.: Introduction to social network methods (2005)
30.
go back to reference Henzinger, M.R.: Hyperlink analysis for the web. IEEE Internet Comput. 5(1), 45–50 (2001)CrossRef Henzinger, M.R.: Hyperlink analysis for the web. IEEE Internet Comput. 5(1), 45–50 (2001)CrossRef
31.
go back to reference Hildorsson, F., Kvernvik, T.: Method and arrangement for supporting analysis of social networks in a communication network. US Patent 9,305,110, 5 Apr 2016 Hildorsson, F., Kvernvik, T.: Method and arrangement for supporting analysis of social networks in a communication network. US Patent 9,305,110, 5 Apr 2016
32.
go back to reference Hu, H., Yan, X., Huang, Y., Han, J., Zhou, X.J.: Mining coherent dense subgraphs across massive biological networks for functional discovery. Bioinformatics 21(suppl 1), i213–i221 (2005)CrossRef Hu, H., Yan, X., Huang, Y., Han, J., Zhou, X.J.: Mining coherent dense subgraphs across massive biological networks for functional discovery. Bioinformatics 21(suppl 1), i213–i221 (2005)CrossRef
34.
go back to reference Kistler, M., Perrone, M., Petrini, F.: Cell multiprocessor communication network: built for speed. IEEE Micro 26(3), 10–23 (2006)CrossRef Kistler, M., Perrone, M., Petrini, F.: Cell multiprocessor communication network: built for speed. IEEE Micro 26(3), 10–23 (2006)CrossRef
35.
go back to reference Kumar, G., Duhan, N., Sharma, A.: Page ranking based on number of visits of links of web page. In: 2011 2nd International Conference on Computer and Communication Technology (ICCCT), pp. 11–14. IEEE (2011) Kumar, G., Duhan, N., Sharma, A.: Page ranking based on number of visits of links of web page. In: 2011 2nd International Conference on Computer and Communication Technology (ICCCT), pp. 11–14. IEEE (2011)
36.
go back to reference Lerman, K., Ghosh, R.: Information contagion: an empirical study of the spread of news on digg and twitter social networks. ICWSM 10, 90–97 (2010) Lerman, K., Ghosh, R.: Information contagion: an empirical study of the spread of news on digg and twitter social networks. ICWSM 10, 90–97 (2010)
39.
go back to reference Lumsdaine, A., Gregor, D., Hendrickson, B., Berry, J.: Challenges in parallel graph processing. Parallel Process. Lett. 17(01), 5–20 (2007)MathSciNetCrossRef Lumsdaine, A., Gregor, D., Hendrickson, B., Berry, J.: Challenges in parallel graph processing. Parallel Process. Lett. 17(01), 5–20 (2007)MathSciNetCrossRef
40.
go back to reference Malewicz, G., et al.: Pregel: a system for large-scale graph processing. In: Proceedings of the 2010 ACM SIGMOD International Conference on Management of data, pp. 135–146. ACM (2010) Malewicz, G., et al.: Pregel: a system for large-scale graph processing. In: Proceedings of the 2010 ACM SIGMOD International Conference on Management of data, pp. 135–146. ACM (2010)
41.
go back to reference McBride, B.: Jena: a semantic web toolkit. IEEE Internet Comput. 6(6), 55–59 (2002)CrossRef McBride, B.: Jena: a semantic web toolkit. IEEE Internet Comput. 6(6), 55–59 (2002)CrossRef
42.
go back to reference Merolla, P.A., et al.: A million spiking-neuron integrated circuit with a scalable communication network and interface. Science 345(6197), 668–673 (2014)CrossRef Merolla, P.A., et al.: A million spiking-neuron integrated circuit with a scalable communication network and interface. Science 345(6197), 668–673 (2014)CrossRef
43.
go back to reference Myers, S.A., Sharma, A., Gupta, P., Lin, J.: Information network or social network?: the structure of the twitter follow graph. In: Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 493–498. ACM (2014) Myers, S.A., Sharma, A., Gupta, P., Lin, J.: Information network or social network?: the structure of the twitter follow graph. In: Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 493–498. ACM (2014)
44.
go back to reference Page, L., Brin, S., Motwani, R., Winograd, T.: The pagerank citation ranking: Bringing order to the web. Tech. rep, Stanford InfoLab (1999) Page, L., Brin, S., Motwani, R., Winograd, T.: The pagerank citation ranking: Bringing order to the web. Tech. rep, Stanford InfoLab (1999)
45.
go back to reference Pavlopoulos, G.A., et al.: Using graph theory to analyze biological networks. BioData Min. 4(1), 10 (2011) Pavlopoulos, G.A., et al.: Using graph theory to analyze biological networks. BioData Min. 4(1), 10 (2011)
46.
go back to reference Rogers, E.M., Kincaid, D.L.: Communication networks: toward a new paradigm for research (1981) Rogers, E.M., Kincaid, D.L.: Communication networks: toward a new paradigm for research (1981)
47.
go back to reference Sallinen, S., Iwabuchi, K., Poudel, S., Gokhale, M., Ripeanu, M., Pearce, R.: Graph colouring as a challenge problem for dynamic graph processing on distributed systems. In: Proceedings of the International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis, p. 30. IEEE Press (2016) Sallinen, S., Iwabuchi, K., Poudel, S., Gokhale, M., Ripeanu, M., Pearce, R.: Graph colouring as a challenge problem for dynamic graph processing on distributed systems. In: Proceedings of the International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis, p. 30. IEEE Press (2016)
48.
go back to reference Schneider, B., Acevedo, C., Buchmüller, J., Fischer, F., Keim, D.A.: Visual analytics for inspecting the evolution of a graph over time: pattern discovery in a communication network. In: 2015 IEEE Conference on Visual Analytics Science and Technology (VAST), pp. 169–170. IEEE (2015) Schneider, B., Acevedo, C., Buchmüller, J., Fischer, F., Keim, D.A.: Visual analytics for inspecting the evolution of a graph over time: pattern discovery in a communication network. In: 2015 IEEE Conference on Visual Analytics Science and Technology (VAST), pp. 169–170. IEEE (2015)
49.
go back to reference Shao, B., Wang, H., Li, Y.: Trinity: a distributed graph engine on a memory cloud. In: Proceedings of the 2013 ACM SIGMOD International Conference on Management of Data, pp. 505–516. ACM (2013) Shao, B., Wang, H., Li, Y.: Trinity: a distributed graph engine on a memory cloud. In: Proceedings of the 2013 ACM SIGMOD International Conference on Management of Data, pp. 505–516. ACM (2013)
50.
go back to reference Song, C., Havlin, S., Makse, H.A.: Self-similarity of complex networks. Nature 433(7024), 392–395 (2005)CrossRef Song, C., Havlin, S., Makse, H.A.: Self-similarity of complex networks. Nature 433(7024), 392–395 (2005)CrossRef
51.
go back to reference Strogatz, S.H.: Nonlinear Dynamics and Chaos: With Applications to Physics, Biology, Chemistry, and Engineering. Westview press, Boulder (2014) Strogatz, S.H.: Nonlinear Dynamics and Chaos: With Applications to Physics, Biology, Chemistry, and Engineering. Westview press, Boulder (2014)
52.
go back to reference Sun, Y., Han, J., Gao, J., Yu, Y.: itopicmodel: information network-integrated topic modeling. In: Ninth IEEE International Conference on Data Mining ICDM 2009, pp. 493–502. IEEE (2009) Sun, Y., Han, J., Gao, J., Yu, Y.: itopicmodel: information network-integrated topic modeling. In: Ninth IEEE International Conference on Data Mining ICDM 2009, pp. 493–502. IEEE (2009)
53.
go back to reference Sun, Y., Han, J., Zhao, P., Yin, Z., Cheng, H., Wu, T.: Rankclus: integrating clustering with ranking for heterogeneous information network analysis. In: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Extending Database Technology: Advances in Database Technology, pp. 565–576. ACM (2009) Sun, Y., Han, J., Zhao, P., Yin, Z., Cheng, H., Wu, T.: Rankclus: integrating clustering with ranking for heterogeneous information network analysis. In: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Extending Database Technology: Advances in Database Technology, pp. 565–576. ACM (2009)
54.
go back to reference Yan, D., Cheng, J., Lu, Y., Ng, W.: Blogel: a block-centric framework for distributed computation on real-world graphs. Proc. VLDB Endowment 7(14), 1981–1992 (2014)CrossRef Yan, D., Cheng, J., Lu, Y., Ng, W.: Blogel: a block-centric framework for distributed computation on real-world graphs. Proc. VLDB Endowment 7(14), 1981–1992 (2014)CrossRef
Metadata
Title
The Various Graphs in Graph Computing
Authors
Rujun Sun
Lufei Zhang
Copyright Year
2019
Publisher
Springer Singapore
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-5919-4_15