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2024 | Book

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Theoretical and Practical Aspects of Manufacturing Elastomer-Metal Based Vibration Dampers

Authors: Tibor Babos, Tamás Renner

Publisher: Springer Nature Switzerland

Book Series : SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology

Part of: Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" , Springer Professional "Technik"

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About this book

This book offers a comprehensive breakdown of rubber industry procedures, serving as an invaluable resource for enhancing professional literacy. It covers measurable technological parameters, manufacturing processes, and metallurgy of the materials required for producing high-value rubber-metal machine components. These components find wide applications in the engineering industry, including buffers, vibration damping elements, pipe expansion joints, and silent blocks (vibration dampers vulcanized between steel pipes).

The manufacturing of modern machine components necessitates meeting high technical standards and ensuring flawless performance throughout their lifetime. This goal is accomplished by manufacturing components to the required technical parameters with consistent quality specified during the design stage.

Unfortunately, scientific descriptions of rubber-metal bonding technologies often lack the detail required for practical application. This book addresses this gap by presenting extensive research conducted by Renner Rubber Products, a key player in the rubber market in Central Europe, drawing on practical experience from the Centre for Security Studies at the Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences.

The book provides a set of technological specifications for rubber-metal bonding based on experiments, measurements, calculations, and proven research results.

A noteworthy aspect of the book is that it is the result of close scientific collaboration between academia and industry-leading players, resulting in a highly qualified product applicable in science, academia, and industrial production alike. It serves as a valuable tool for anyone in the engineering industry seeking to enhance their understanding of rubber industry procedures and produce high-quality rubber-metal machine components.

Table of Contents

Frontmatter
Chapter 1. Introduction
Abstract
Archaeological excavations reveal that the American Indians knew about latex, i.e. natural rubber, as early as in the sixth century, but written records only date back to 1495 in connection with the discovery voyages of Columbus (Horváth in Gumiipari kézikönyv. Taurus-OMIKK, Budapest, pp 19–24, 1988). In Europe, natural rubber was introduced in 1745 as a result of the travels made by the French naturalist de la Condamine, but significant developments occurred in England in 1819, when T. Hancock discovered the masticability of rubber (cracking to facilitate processing), and constructed a mixing apparatus that can be considered the predecessor to today’s closed drum mixers and roll mills. In 1826, Faraday defined the chemical composition of latex which constituted the scientific basis for any subsequent research.
Tibor Babos, Tamás Renner
Chapter 2. Technical Basics
Abstract
This chapter introduces the use of quantities and units of measurement, with an overview of the current system of units. It covers the classification of materials according to different aspects and their characteristics.
Tibor Babos, Tamás Renner
Chapter 3. Elastomers
Abstract
This chapter describes the properties, origin and structure of elastomers. After a description of the physical parameters of natural rubber, it discusses the applicability of the different types of rubber and their conditions and technical characteristics. The chapter is limited to an analysis of materials frequently used in engineering practice and relevant to the manufacture of vibration damping components, and does not aim to be exhaustive. It is important to note that for most materials, the main areas of application are discussed at the end of the chapters, thus helping practitioners to select the most appropriate mix for the task in hand.
Tibor Babos, Tamás Renner
Chapter 4. The Theory of Rubber Compounds and Polymer Production
Abstract
Rubber in its natural form is not suitable to meet the physical parameters of rubber and must be used to make rubber mixtures according to pre-designed recipes, using different mixing processes, and then vulcanised to rubber. Of course, the formulation of a well-thought-out, chemically compatible recipe cannot be achieved without a thorough knowledge of elastomers, and this chapter therefore deals with their introduction. The armatures of vibration damping rubber springs are typically made of metal, but rubber/plastic bonding also occurs, so the reader will also find a general introduction to polymers.
Tibor Babos, Tamás Renner
Chapter 5. The Theory of Vulcanisation
Abstract
This chapter presents a basic chemical understanding of vulcanisation and discusses possible analysis of the time course of vulcanisation, its evaluation and metrics. After studying this section, the reader will be oriented to the notion of abbreviations used in the application of rheometers and the underlying physical content.
Tibor Babos, Tamás Renner
Chapter 6. The Properties of Vulcanisates
Abstract
Testing of the vulcanizates produced during production is essential, as we need to prove that the finished products meet the parameters envisaged at the design stage, using objective metrics and methods. This chapter aims to provide some guidance on what these measurable physical properties are, and what test methods and standards exist to determine them.
Tibor Babos, Tamás Renner
Chapter 7. Rubber Manufacturing Operations
Abstract
The rubber manufacturing operations section is an important section of our book, as it introduces you to the most common machines and technologies used in the manufacture of vibration control components. It should be noted here that the rubber industry has an extremely wide range of products, with different segments having different machines as their main technological pillar. It is therefore important that our book only describes the machinery required for the production of press vulcanised products, which is presented below.
Tibor Babos, Tamás Renner
Chapter 8. Springs
Abstract
This chapter deals with springs. It starts with an introduction to the construction and characteristics of springs, then moves on to material springs, with particular reference to rubber springs, their design, types and the compounds suitable for their manufacture.
Tibor Babos, Tamás Renner
Chapter 9. Production of Rubber Springs
Abstract
This chapter on the production of rubber springs is an integral part of our book, as it shows the real production process that is part of the writers’ daily work. It outlines the physics of the rubber-metal bond and introduces the practice of making it. It provides a historical review of the state-of-the-art processes, but also highlights the shortcomings of the various technologies. The possible defects of the resulting bond and the methods of manufacturing metallic weapons are also explored.
Tibor Babos, Tamás Renner
Chapter 10. The Effect of Technological Parameters on the Tensile Strength of Rubber Springs (After Renner, Based on Experimental Design)
Abstract
This chapter is the most practical part of the book. It presents tests for real manufacturing processes. It is intended to answer the question of what are the physical parameters that, given a quantifiable design, will result in a rubber-metal bond that is both at its maximum and within 5% of the standard deviation of the tensile strength of the rubber-metal transition of the product. To this end, vulcanisation tests are presented, where the metallic surfaces of the metallic arms in contact with the rubber are treated with corundum or steel shot, and after vulcanisation the bond strength is analysed by tensile testing. During the test, profilometric measurements were taken and 3-dimensional roughness values were also investigated. The most important result of the book, the correlation between vulcanisation pressure in the mould cavity and the bond strength developed, can be studied here. A mathematical model was created from the data and verified by statistical methods.
Tibor Babos, Tamás Renner
Chapter 11. Elemental Analysis of the Rubber-Metal Interface
Abstract
The analytical analyses can be followed in this chapter. This is necessary because the results of the measurements can be used to identify the elements that accumulate in the boundary layer and to deduce the causes of the failures that occur in different applications.
Tibor Babos, Tamás Renner
Chapter 12. Summary
Abstract
In this book, you can read a summary on the basics of rubber manufacturing related to the security industry and it seeks to answer the question of how to improve the manufacturing safety of rubber springs as components. To this end, the relationship was investigated at the interface between rubber and metal components, whose physical properties differ greatly. The industrial production of vibration-reducing rubber springs and other rubber-metal components involves the application of a chemically produced binder to bond the rubber compound to metallic armatures.
Tibor Babos, Tamás Renner
Metadata
Title
Theoretical and Practical Aspects of Manufacturing Elastomer-Metal Based Vibration Dampers
Authors
Tibor Babos
Tamás Renner
Copyright Year
2024
Electronic ISBN
978-3-031-54079-0
Print ISBN
978-3-031-54078-3
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-54079-0

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