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2019 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

10. Tire Noise

Author : Yukio Nakajima

Published in: Advanced Tire Mechanics

Publisher: Springer Singapore

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Abstract

Tire/road noise consists of noise due to tire surface vibration and noise related to aerodynamics. The former noise is usually explained by three elements, namely the external force applied to a tire, vibration properties of the tire and the acoustic field relating to the tire surface and road surface. The external force includes the tread impact associated with the lateral grooves and road roughness. The surface vibration of a tire is calculated by multiplying external forces by the tire’s vibration properties expressed by a transfer function. Tire/road radiation noise is then calculated by surface vibration via the Helmholtz equation [i.e., employing the boundary element method (BEM)]. The most important element for tire noise is the external force because other elements may not be controlled by tire design without deteriorating other tire performances. The external force due to lateral grooves is estimated by using a phenomenological model that uses the contact shape, pattern geometry and contact pressure or by conducting FEA. Meanwhile, the external force due to road roughness is estimated by measuring the spindle force of a tire rolling over a simple roughness and conducting contact analysis employing a Winker model with nonlinear contact stiffness or FEA. The vibration properties of a tire can be predicted by conducting FEA or using an elastic ring model. In pattern design, the phenomenological model is used as a design tool to determine the pattern geometry, and the pitch sequence is optimized by a GA. The Helmholtz resonator may be added to the circumferential grooves to reduce the pipe resonance noise. Furthermore, the special wheel or sound-absorbing material may be used to reduce the acoustic cavity noise.

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previous chapter Contact Properties of Tires
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Appendix
Available only for authorised users
Footnotes
1
Note 10.1.
 
2
Problem 10.1.
 
3
Problem 10.3.
 
4
Problem 10.5.
 
5
Note 10.3.
 
6
See Footnote 5.
 
7
See Footnote 5.
 
8
See Footnote 5.
 
9
Note 10.4
 
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Metadata
Title
Tire Noise
Author
Yukio Nakajima
Copyright Year
2019
Publisher
Springer Singapore
Book
Advanced Tire Mechanics

Print ISBN: 978-981-13-5798-5

Electronic ISBN: 978-981-13-5799-2

Copyright Year: 2019

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-5799-2_10

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