Top

Journal of Materials Science

Published in:

16-11-2022 | Metals & corrosion

Toward understanding the microstructure and electrical resistivity of thermal-sprayed high-entropy alloy coatings

Authors: Sanhita Pal, Rakesh Bhaskaran Nair, André McDonald

Published in: Journal of Materials Science | Issue 44/2022

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config

AI-assisted search

Off

Abstract

High-entropy alloys (HEAs) are a new class of advanced metallic alloys that have received significant attention in recent years due to their stable microstructures and promising properties. However, exploration of the functional properties of these alloys as thermal-sprayed coatings has not been undertaken so far. In the present study, novel equiatomic AlCoCrFeMo, AlCoCrFeMoW, and AlCoCrFeMoV HEA coatings were fabricated using flame spraying to understand the impact of tungsten (W) and vanadium (V) additions in AlCoCrFeMo HEA coatings on microstructure evolutions, phase formations, microhardness, and electrical resistivity. The microstructure revealed the occurrence of mixed oxides and BCC phases, with an apparent porosity range between 2 and 4%. Despite the lower fraction of oxide phases, higher hardness was achieved for AlCoCrFeMoV HEA coatings (714 ± 64 HV), followed by AlCoCrFeMoW (609 ± 61 HV) and AlCoCrFeMo (592 ± 58 HV) HEA coatings. The higher hardness might be attributed to combined interactions of hard oxide phases, solid solution strengthening, and BCC phases. The electrical resistivity values showed a noticeable difference between HEA coatings and control Ni–20Cr coatings, whereby higher electrical resistivity values were achieved for AlCoCrFeMo HEA coatings due to topological lattice distortion and higher oxide fractions. Joule heating testing showed a higher rate of increase in surface temperature for all the HEA coatings than that of Ni–20Cr flame-sprayed coatings for a given electrical power input. The results suggest that the improved electrical properties and heating performance capabilities of flame-sprayed HEA coatings make them an excellent choice for use in high load resistive heating applications.

previous article High-temperature steam oxidation behavior of an FeCrAl alloy with controlled addition of Mo

next article A cross-scale analysis method for predicting the compressive mechanical properties of tin-based bearing alloy

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Available only for authorised users

Yeh JW, Chen SK, Lin SJ et al (2004) Nanostructured high-entropy alloys with multiple principal elements: novel alloy design concepts and outcomes. Adv Eng Mater 6:299–303. https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.200300567CrossRef

Cantor B, Chang ITH, Knight P, Vincent AJB (2004) Microstructural development in equiatomic multicomponent alloys. Mater Sci Eng A 375–377:213–218. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2003.10.257CrossRef

Murty BS, Yeh JW, Ranganathan S, Bhattacharjee PP (2019) High-entropy alloys. ElsevierCrossRef

Chou TH, Huang JC, Yang CH et al (2020) Consideration of kinetics on intermetallics formation in solid-solution high entropy alloys. Acta Mater 195:71–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2020.05.015CrossRef

Senkov ON, Miracle DB (2016) A new thermodynamic parameter to predict formation of solid solution or intermetallic phases in high entropy alloys. J Alloys Compd 658:603–607. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2015.10.279CrossRef

Gludovatz B, Hohenwarter A, Catoor D et al (2014) A fracture-resistant high-entropy alloy for cryogenic applications. Science 345:1153–1158. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1254581CrossRef

Chuang MH, Tsai MH, Wang WR et al (2011) Microstructure and wear behavior of AlxCo 1.5CrFeNi1.5Tiy high-entropy alloys. Acta Mater 59:6308–6317. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2011.06.041CrossRef

Cheng KH, Lai CH, Lin SJ, Yeh JW (2011) Structural and mechanical properties of multi-element (AlCrMoTaTiZr)N x coatings by reactive magnetron sputtering. Thin Solid Films 519:3185–3190. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2010.11.034CrossRef

Fu Z, Yang B, Gan K et al (2021) Improving the hydrogen embrittlement resistance of a selective laser melted high-entropy alloy via modifying the cellular structures. Corros Sci 190:109695. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2021.109695CrossRef

10.

Chen YY, Duval T, Hung UD et al (2005) Microstructure and electrochemical properties of high entropy alloys-a comparison with type-304 stainless steel. Corros Sci 47:2257–2279. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2004.11.008CrossRef

11.

Chen YY, Hong UT, Shih HC et al (2005) Electrochemical kinetics of the high entropy alloys in aqueous environments—A comparison with type 304 stainless steel. Corros Sci 47:2679–2699. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2004.09.026CrossRef

12.

Quiambao KF, McDonnell SJ, Schreiber DK et al (2019) Passivation of a corrosion resistant high entropy alloy in non-oxidizing sulfate solutions. Acta Mater 164:362–376. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2018.10.026CrossRef

13.

Jeng YR, Tsai PC, Chiang SH (2013) Effects of grain size and orientation on mechanical and tribological characterizations of nanocrystalline nickel films. Wear 303:262–268. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2013.02.019CrossRef

14.

Anupam A, Kottada RS, Kashyap S et al (2020) Understanding the microstructural evolution of high entropy alloy coatings manufactured by atmospheric plasma spray processing. Appl Surf Sci 505:144117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2019.144117CrossRef

15.

Patel P, Alidokht SA, Sharifi N et al (2022) Microstructural and tribological behavior of thermal spray CrMnFeCoNi high entropy alloy coatings. J Therm Spray Technol 31:1285–1301. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11666-022-01350-yCrossRef

16.

Nair RB, Perumal G, McDonald A (2022) Effect of microstructure on wear and corrosion performance of thermally-sprayed AlCoCrFeMo high entropy alloy coatings. Adv Eng Mater 2101713:1–16. https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.202101713CrossRef

17.

Li W, Liu P, Liaw PK (2018) Microstructures and properties of high-entropy alloy films and coatings: a review. Mater Res Lett 6:199–229. https://doi.org/10.1080/21663831.2018.1434248CrossRef

18.

Wang C, Li X, Li Z et al (2020) The resistivity–temperature behavior of AlxCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy films. Thin Solid Films. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2020.137895CrossRef

19.

Shafeie S, Guo S, Erhart P et al (2019) Balancing scattering channels: a panoscopic approach toward zero temperature coefficient of resistance using high-entropy alloys. Adv Mater 31:1–12. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201805392CrossRef

20.

Huang M, Jiang J, Wang Y et al (2022) Effects of milling process parameters and PCAs on the synthesis of Al0.8Co0.5Cr1.5CuFeNi high entropy alloy powder by mechanical alloying. Mater Des 217:110637. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2022.110637CrossRef

21.

ASTM E1920–03, 2014. Standard guide for metallographic preparation of thermal sprayed coatings.

22.

ASTM E384–17, Standard test method for microindentation hardness of materials, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA 2017.

23.

Rezvani Rad M, Mohammadian Bajgiran M, Moreau C, McDonald A (2020) Fabrication of thermally sprayed coating systems for mitigation of ice accumulation in carbon steel pipes and prevention of pipe bursting. Surf Coatings Technol 397:126013. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2020.126013CrossRef

24.

Meghwal A, Anupam A, Luzin V et al (2021) Multiscale mechanical performance and corrosion behaviour of plasma sprayed AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy coatings. J Alloys Compd 854:157140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2020.157140CrossRef

25.

Meghwal A, Anupam A, Murty BS et al (2020) Thermal Spray High-Entropy Alloy Coatings: A Review. Springer, USCrossRef

26.

Bergant Z, Grum J (2011) Porosity evaluation of flame-sprayed and heat treated nickel-based coatings using image analysis. Image Anal Stereol 30:53–62. https://doi.org/10.5566/ias.v30.p53-62CrossRef

27.

Coatings AA, Tillmann W, Khalil O, Abdulgader M (2019) Porosity characterization and its effect on thermal properties of APS-sprayed alumina coatings. Coatings 9(10):601. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings9100601CrossRef

28.

Liu WH, Lu ZP, He JY et al (2016) Ductile CoCrFeNiMox high entropy alloys strengthened by hard intermetallic phases. Acta Mater 116:332–342. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2016.06.063CrossRef

29.

Dong Y, Zhou K, Lu Y et al (2014) Effect of vanadium addition on the microstructure and properties of AlCoCrFeNi high entropy alloy. Mater Des 57:67–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2013.12.048CrossRef

30.

Yin B, Maresca F, Curtin WA (2020) Vanadium is an optimal element for strengthening in both fcc and bcc high-entropy alloys. Acta Mater 188:486–491. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2020.01.062CrossRef

31.

Prudenziati M, Gualtieri ML (2008) Electrical properties of thermally sprayed Ni- and Ni20Cr-based resistors. J Therm Spray Technol 17:385–394. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11666-008-9187-zCrossRef

32.

Dehaghani ST, McDonald A, Dolatabadi A (2019) An experimental study of the performance of flame-sprayed Ni-based metal matrix composite coatings as resistive heating elements. Proc Int Therm Spray Conf 527–534

33.

Kim H, Nam S, Roh A et al (2019) Mechanical and electrical properties of NbMoTaW refractory high-entropy alloy thin films. Int J Refract Met Hard Mater 80:286–291. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2019.02.005CrossRef

34.

Zhang Y, Zuo T, Cheng Y, Liaw PK (2013) High-entropy alloys with high saturation magnetization, electrical resistivity, and malleability. Sci Rep 3:1–7. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep01455CrossRef

35.

Kretova MA, Konchakov RA, Kobelev NP, Khonik VA (2020) Point defects and their properties in the Fe20Ni20Cr20Co20Cu20 high-entropy alloy. JETP Lett 111:679–684. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0021364020120097CrossRef

36.

Yeh JW (2015) Physical metallurgy of high-entropy alloys. Jom 67:2254–2261. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-015-1583-5CrossRef

37.

Niu G, Saint-Girons G, Vilquin B (2013) Epitaxial systems combining oxides and semiconductors. ElsevierCrossRef

38.

Mooij JH (1973) Electrical conduction in concentrated disordered transition metal alloys. Phys Status Solidi 17:521–530. https://doi.org/10.1002/pssa.2210170217CrossRef

39.

Ciuchi S, Di Sante D, Dobrosavljević V, Fratini S (2018) The origin of Mooij correlations in disordered metals. Npj Quantum Mater. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41535-018-0119-yCrossRef

40.

Mueller R, Agyeman K, Tsuei CC (1980) Negative-temperature coefficients of electrical resistivity in amorphous La-based alloys. Phys Rev B 22:2665–2669. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.22.2665CrossRef

41.

Aug N (2016) The resistance and thermoelectric properties of the transition metals Author (s): N. F. Mott Source: Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Published by: Royal Society Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stab. 156:368–382

42.

Lopera-Valle A, McDonald A (2015) Application of flame-sprayed coatings as heating elements for polymer-based composite structures. J Therm Spray Technol 24:1289–1301. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11666-015-0302-7CrossRef

43.

Tanimoto H, Hozumi R, Kawamura M (2022) Electrical resistivity and short-range order in rapid-quenched CrMnFeCoNi high-entropy alloy. J Alloys Compd 896:163059. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2021.163059CrossRef

44.

Lopera-Valle A, McDonald A (2016) Flame-sprayed coatings as de-icing elements for fiber-reinforced polymer composite structures: modeling and experimentation. Int J Heat Mass Transf 97:56–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2016.01.079CrossRef

45.

Evans, M.J. and Rosenthal, J.S., (2004). Probability and statistics: The science of uncertainty. Macmillan.

46.

Dehaghani ST, Dolatabadi A, McDonald A (2021) Thermally sprayed metal matrix composite coatings as heating systems. Appl Therm Eng. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2021.117321CrossRef

47.

Bobzin K, Wietheger W, Knoch MA, Schacht A (2020) Heating behaviour of plasma sprayed TiOx/Cr₂O₃ coatings for injection moulding. Surf Coatings Technol 399:126199. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2020.126199CrossRef

48.

Prudenziati M (2008) Development and the implementation of high-temperature reliable heaters in plasma spray technology. J Therm Spray Technol 17:234–243CrossRef

Title: Toward understanding the microstructure and electrical resistivity of thermal-sprayed high-entropy alloy coatings
Authors: Sanhita Pal
Rakesh Bhaskaran Nair
André McDonald
Publication date: 16-11-2022
Publisher: Springer US
Published in: Journal of Materials Science / Issue 44/2022
Print ISSN: 0022-2461
Electronic ISSN: 1573-4803
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-022-07921-2

Springer Professional

Abstract

Please log in to get access to your license.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Springer Professional "Technik"

Other articles of this Issue 44/2022

Interface-reaction reduction and hot rolling deformation of network structured graphene-TiB whiskers/Ti6Al4V composites by spark plasma sintering

A novel material based on an antibacterial choline-calixarene nanoassembly embedded in thin films

Multiphase field simulation of dynamic recrystallization during friction stir welding of AZ31 magnesium alloy

A cross-scale analysis method for predicting the compressive mechanical properties of tin-based bearing alloy

Droplet microfluidic synthesis of shape-tunable self-propelled catalytic micromotors and their application to water treatment

First-principles study of the interaction between H/He impurities and vacancy in tetragonal BeTi

Premium Partners