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2022 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

1. Understanding Soils: Their Functions, Use and Degradation

Authors : Elmira Saljnikov, Frank Eulenstein, Anton Lavrishchev, Wilfried Mirschel, Winfried E. H. Blum, Blair M. McKenzie, Linda Lilburne, Jörg Römbke, Berndt-Michael Wilke, Uwe Schindler, Lothar Mueller

Published in: Advances in Understanding Soil Degradation

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

Soils, the thin skin of the earth, a living body, are the basis of all highly developed life and have ensured human existence and culture since millennia. Their functions and ecosystem services are crucial for the survival of humanity. Increasing pressure on soils through overuse and mismanagement has exceeded their capacity to perform, which is considered as soil degradation. To meet the mission of the Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations, soil degradation must be stopped and reversed. We reviewed framework conditions of soil degradation, scientific concepts of research and status and trends of their operationalization. Soil performance and degradation processes must be understood, monitored, mitigated and combated in the context of different categories and scales such as ecosystems, land and landscapes. Approaches to the assessment and monitoring of soil dynamics, degradation and desertification show inconsistencies and knowledge gaps at several levels. Concepts of soil health and ecosystem services of soil should be backed by “hard data” based on field and landscape indicators and measurements. Participatory approaches to mediate conflicting demands of stakeholders are crucial for a broad understanding of soil and its long-term sustainable use. This requires an advanced field diagnostic system of soil performance based on reliable on-site measurement technology in combination with expert-based knowledge and assessment methodologies. Strengthening field soil science is essential for progress in reducing and reversing soil degradation.

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Title: Understanding Soils: Their Functions, Use and Degradation
Authors: Elmira Saljnikov
Frank Eulenstein
Anton Lavrishchev
Wilfried Mirschel
Winfried E. H. Blum
Blair M. McKenzie
Linda Lilburne
Jörg Römbke
Berndt-Michael Wilke
Uwe Schindler
Lothar Mueller
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Book: Advances in Understanding Soil Degradation
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-85681-6

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-030-85682-3

Copyright Year: 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-85682-3_1

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