Skip to main content
Top

2019 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

4. Young Adults’ Attitudes Toward Borrowing

Authors : Amelie Gamble, Tommy Gärling, Patrik Michaelsen

Published in: Indebtedness in Early Adulthood

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

Several scales for measuring attitude that have been developed are first described and evaluated. It is noted that the scales frequently fail to distinguish between opinions and attitudes and that the attitude object varies between studies. Studies of young adults’ attitudes toward borrowing are then reviewed. A majority have focused on student loans. It is found that attitudes are favorable although a change over time toward less favorable attitudes is discernible. A critical issue is to what extent favorable attitudes are related to borrowing. Some but not all studies confirm a positive relationship between favorable attitudes toward borrowing and debt amount. The causal direction of the relationship may however vary over time and in different groups.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literature
go back to reference Abdul-Muhmin, A. G. (2008). Consumer attitudes towards debt in an Islamic country: Managing a conflict between religious tradition and modernity? International Journal of Consumer Studies, 32, 194–203. Abdul-Muhmin, A. G. (2008). Consumer attitudes towards debt in an Islamic country: Managing a conflict between religious tradition and modernity? International Journal of Consumer Studies, 32, 194–203.
go back to reference Ajzen, I. (1987). Attitudes, traits, and actions: Dispositional prediction of behavior in personality and social psychology. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 20, pp. 1–63). San Diego, CA: Academic Press. Ajzen, I. (1987). Attitudes, traits, and actions: Dispositional prediction of behavior in personality and social psychology. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 20, pp. 1–63). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
go back to reference Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behaviour and Human Decision Processes, 50, 179–211. Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behaviour and Human Decision Processes, 50, 179–211.
go back to reference Ajzen, I. (2012). The theory of planned behavior. In P. A. M. van Lange, A. W. Kruglanski, & E. T. Higgins (Eds.), Handbook of theories of social psychology (pp. 438–459). London, UK: Sage. Ajzen, I. (2012). The theory of planned behavior. In P. A. M. van Lange, A. W. Kruglanski, & E. T. Higgins (Eds.), Handbook of theories of social psychology (pp. 438–459). London, UK: Sage.
go back to reference Ajzen, I., Fishbein, M., Lohmann, S., & Albarracín, D. (2019). The influence of attitudes on behavior. In D. Albarracin & B. T. Johnson (Eds.), Handbook of attitudes (Vol. 1, 2nd ed., pp. 197–256). London: Routledge. Ajzen, I., Fishbein, M., Lohmann, S., & Albarracín, D. (2019). The influence of attitudes on behavior. In D. Albarracin & B. T. Johnson (Eds.), Handbook of attitudes (Vol. 1, 2nd ed., pp. 197–256). London: Routledge.
go back to reference Albarracín, D., Zanna, M. P., Johnson, B. T., & Kumkale, G. T. (2005). Attitudes: Introduction and scope. In D. Albarracín, B. T. Johnson, & M. P Zanna (Eds.), The handbook of attitudes (pp. 3–19). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum. Albarracín, D., Zanna, M. P., Johnson, B. T., & Kumkale, G. T. (2005). Attitudes: Introduction and scope. In D. Albarracín, B. T. Johnson, & M. P Zanna (Eds.), The handbook of attitudes (pp. 3–19). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
go back to reference Allport, G. W. (1935). Attitudes. In C. Murchison (Ed.), Handbook of social psychology (pp. 798–844). Worcester, MA: Clark University Press. Allport, G. W. (1935). Attitudes. In C. Murchison (Ed.), Handbook of social psychology (pp. 798–844). Worcester, MA: Clark University Press.
go back to reference Boddington, L., & Kemp, S. (1999). Student debt, attitudes towards debt, impulsive buying, and financial management. New Zealand Journal of Psychology, 28, 89–93. Boddington, L., & Kemp, S. (1999). Student debt, attitudes towards debt, impulsive buying, and financial management. New Zealand Journal of Psychology, 28, 89–93.
go back to reference Borden, L. M., Lee, S.-A., Serido, J., & Collins, D. (2008). Changing college students’ financial knowledge, attitudes, and behavior through seminar participation. Journal of Family and Economic Issues, 29, 23–40. Borden, L. M., Lee, S.-A., Serido, J., & Collins, D. (2008). Changing college students’ financial knowledge, attitudes, and behavior through seminar participation. Journal of Family and Economic Issues, 29, 23–40.
go back to reference Callender, C., & Jackson, J. (2005). Does the fear of debt deter students from higher education? Journal of Social Policy, 34, 509–540. Callender, C., & Jackson, J. (2005). Does the fear of debt deter students from higher education? Journal of Social Policy, 34, 509–540.
go back to reference Castellani, G., & DeVaney, S. A. (2001). Using credit to cover living expenses: A profile of a potentially risky behavior. Family Economics and Nutrition Review, 13(2), 12. Castellani, G., & DeVaney, S. A. (2001). Using credit to cover living expenses: A profile of a potentially risky behavior. Family Economics and Nutrition Review, 13(2), 12.
go back to reference Chien, Y.-W., & DeVaney, S. A. (2001). The effects of credit attitude and socioeconomic factors on credit card and instalment debt. Journal of Consumer Affairs, 35(1), 162–179. Chien, Y.-W., & DeVaney, S. A. (2001). The effects of credit attitude and socioeconomic factors on credit card and instalment debt. Journal of Consumer Affairs, 35(1), 162–179.
go back to reference Davies, E., & Lea, S. E. G. (1995). Student attitudes to student debt. Journal of Economic Psychology, 16, 663–679. Davies, E., & Lea, S. E. G. (1995). Student attitudes to student debt. Journal of Economic Psychology, 16, 663–679.
go back to reference Eagly, A. H., & Chaiken, S. (1993). The psychology of attitudes. Fort Worth, FL: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich. Eagly, A. H., & Chaiken, S. (1993). The psychology of attitudes. Fort Worth, FL: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.
go back to reference Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (1975). Belief, attitude, intention, and behavior: An introduction to theory and research. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley. Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (1975). Belief, attitude, intention, and behavior: An introduction to theory and research. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
go back to reference Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (2010). Predicting and changing behavior: The reasoned action approach. New York, NY: Taylor & Francis. Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (2010). Predicting and changing behavior: The reasoned action approach. New York, NY: Taylor & Francis.
go back to reference Gärling, T., Michaelsen, P., & Gamble, A. (2018a). Young adults’ borrowing to purchases of desired consumer products related to present-biased temporal discounting, attitude toward borrowing, and financial involvement and knowledge (Working paper). Göteborg, Sweden: Centre for Finance, School of Business, Economics, and Law, University of Gothenburg. Gärling, T., Michaelsen, P., & Gamble, A. (2018a). Young adults’ borrowing to purchases of desired consumer products related to present-biased temporal discounting, attitude toward borrowing, and financial involvement and knowledge (Working paper). Göteborg, Sweden: Centre for Finance, School of Business, Economics, and Law, University of Gothenburg.
go back to reference Gärling, T., Michaelsen, P., & Gamble, A. (2018b). Young adults’ overspending on purchases of smartphones (Working paper). Göteborg, Sweden: Centre for Finance, School of Business, Economics, and Law, University of Gothenburg. Gärling, T., Michaelsen, P., & Gamble, A. (2018b). Young adults’ overspending on purchases of smartphones (Working paper). Göteborg, Sweden: Centre for Finance, School of Business, Economics, and Law, University of Gothenburg.
go back to reference Griskevicius, V., Delton, A., Robertson, T., Tybur, J., & Simpson, J. (2011). Environmental contingency in life history strategies: The influence of mortality and socioeconomic status on reproductive timing. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 100(2), 241–254. Griskevicius, V., Delton, A., Robertson, T., Tybur, J., & Simpson, J. (2011). Environmental contingency in life history strategies: The influence of mortality and socioeconomic status on reproductive timing. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 100(2), 241–254.
go back to reference Harrison, N., Agnew, S., & Serido, J. (2015). Attitudes to debt among indebted undergraduates: A cross-national exploratory factor analysis. Journal of Economic Psychology, 46, 62–73. Harrison, N., Agnew, S., & Serido, J. (2015). Attitudes to debt among indebted undergraduates: A cross-national exploratory factor analysis. Journal of Economic Psychology, 46, 62–73.
go back to reference Haultain, S., Kemp, S., & Chernyshenko, O. S. (2010). The structure of attitudes to student debt. Journal of Economic Psychology, 31, 322–330. Haultain, S., Kemp, S., & Chernyshenko, O. S. (2010). The structure of attitudes to student debt. Journal of Economic Psychology, 31, 322–330.
go back to reference Hayhoe, C. R., Leach, L., & Turner, R. (1999). Discriminating the number of credit cards held by college students using credit and money attitudes. Journal of Economic Psychology, 20, 643–656. Hayhoe, C. R., Leach, L., & Turner, R. (1999). Discriminating the number of credit cards held by college students using credit and money attitudes. Journal of Economic Psychology, 20, 643–656.
go back to reference Kamleitner, B., Hoelzl, E., & Kirchler, E. (2012). Credit use: Psychological perspectives on a multifaceted phenomenon. International Journal of Psychology, 47(1), 1–27. Kamleitner, B., Hoelzl, E., & Kirchler, E. (2012). Credit use: Psychological perspectives on a multifaceted phenomenon. International Journal of Psychology, 47(1), 1–27.
go back to reference Krosnick, J. A., Judd, C. M., & Wittenbrink, B. (2019). The measurement of attitudes. In D. Albarracin & B. T. Johnson (Eds.), Handbook of attitudes (Vol. 1, 2nd ed., pp. 45–106). London: Routledge. Krosnick, J. A., Judd, C. M., & Wittenbrink, B. (2019). The measurement of attitudes. In D. Albarracin & B. T. Johnson (Eds.), Handbook of attitudes (Vol. 1, 2nd ed., pp. 45–106). London: Routledge.
go back to reference Lachance, M. J. (2012). Young adults’ attitudes towards credit. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 36(5), 539–548. Lachance, M. J. (2012). Young adults’ attitudes towards credit. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 36(5), 539–548.
go back to reference Lea, S. E. G., Webley, P., & Levine, R. M. (1993). The economic psychology of consumer debt. Journal of Economic Psychology, 13(1), 85–119. Lea, S. E. G., Webley, P., & Levine, R. M. (1993). The economic psychology of consumer debt. Journal of Economic Psychology, 13(1), 85–119.
go back to reference Lea, S. E. G., Webley, P., & Walker, P. M. (1995). Psychological factors in consumer debt: Money management, economic socialization and credit use. Journal of Economic Psychology, 13(1), 85–119. Lea, S. E. G., Webley, P., & Walker, P. M. (1995). Psychological factors in consumer debt: Money management, economic socialization and credit use. Journal of Economic Psychology, 13(1), 85–119.
go back to reference Livingstone, S. M., & Lunt, P. K. (1992). Predicting personal debt and debt repayment: Psychological, social and economic determinants. Journal of Economic Psychology, 14(1), 111–134. Livingstone, S. M., & Lunt, P. K. (1992). Predicting personal debt and debt repayment: Psychological, social and economic determinants. Journal of Economic Psychology, 14(1), 111–134.
go back to reference Lunt, P. K., & Livingstone, S. M. (1992). Mass consumption and personal identity: Everyday economic experience. Buckingham, UK: Open University Press. Lunt, P. K., & Livingstone, S. M. (1992). Mass consumption and personal identity: Everyday economic experience. Buckingham, UK: Open University Press.
go back to reference Makela, C. J., Punjavat, T., & Olson, G. I. (1993). Consumers’ credit cards and international students. Journal of Consumer Studies and Home Economics, 17, 173–186. Makela, C. J., Punjavat, T., & Olson, G. I. (1993). Consumers’ credit cards and international students. Journal of Consumer Studies and Home Economics, 17, 173–186.
go back to reference Norvilitis, J. M. (2014). Changes over time in college student credit card attitudes and debt: Evidence from one campus. Journal of Consumer Affairs, 48, 634–647. Norvilitis, J. M. (2014). Changes over time in college student credit card attitudes and debt: Evidence from one campus. Journal of Consumer Affairs, 48, 634–647.
go back to reference Norvilitis, J. M., & MacLean, M. L. (2010). The role of parents in college students’ financial behaviors and attitudes. Journal of Economic Psychology, 31, 55–63. Norvilitis, J. M., & MacLean, M. L. (2010). The role of parents in college students’ financial behaviors and attitudes. Journal of Economic Psychology, 31, 55–63.
go back to reference Norvilitis, J. M., & Mao, Y. (2013). Attitudes towards credit and finances among college students in China and the United States. International Journal of Psychology, 48(3), 389–398. Norvilitis, J. M., & Mao, Y. (2013). Attitudes towards credit and finances among college students in China and the United States. International Journal of Psychology, 48(3), 389–398.
go back to reference Norvilitis., J. M., & Mendes-Da-Silva, W. (2013). Attitudes toward credit and finances among college students in Brazil and the United States. Journal of Business Theory and Practice, 1(1), 132–151. Norvilitis., J. M., & Mendes-Da-Silva, W. (2013). Attitudes toward credit and finances among college students in Brazil and the United States. Journal of Business Theory and Practice, 1(1), 132–151.
go back to reference Norvilitis, J. M., Merwin, M. M., Osberg, T. M., Roehling, P. V., Young, P., & Kamas, M. M. (2006). Personality factors, money attitudes, financial knowledge, and credit-card debt in college students. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 36(6), 1395–1413. Norvilitis, J. M., Merwin, M. M., Osberg, T. M., Roehling, P. V., Young, P., & Kamas, M. M. (2006). Personality factors, money attitudes, financial knowledge, and credit-card debt in college students. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 36(6), 1395–1413.
go back to reference Norvilitis, J. M., Szablicki, P. B., & Wilson, S. D. (2003). Factors influencing levels of credit-card debt in college students. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 33, 935–947. Norvilitis, J. M., Szablicki, P. B., & Wilson, S. D. (2003). Factors influencing levels of credit-card debt in college students. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 33, 935–947.
go back to reference Pattarin, F., & Cosma, S. (2012). Psychological determinants of consumer credit: The role of attitudes. Review of Behavioural Finance, 4(2), 113–129. Pattarin, F., & Cosma, S. (2012). Psychological determinants of consumer credit: The role of attitudes. Review of Behavioural Finance, 4(2), 113–129.
go back to reference Pratkanis, A. R. (1989). The cognitive representation of attitudes. In A. R. Pratkanis, S. J. Breckler, & A. G. Greenwald (Eds.), Attitude structure and function (pp. 71–98). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum. Pratkanis, A. R. (1989). The cognitive representation of attitudes. In A. R. Pratkanis, S. J. Breckler, & A. G. Greenwald (Eds.), Attitude structure and function (pp. 71–98). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
go back to reference Ranyard, R., McHugh, S., & McNair, S. (2018). The psychology of borrowing and over-indebtedness. In R. Ranyard (Ed.), Economic psychology (pp. 222–238). New York: Wiley. Ranyard, R., McHugh, S., & McNair, S. (2018). The psychology of borrowing and over-indebtedness. In R. Ranyard (Ed.), Economic psychology (pp. 222–238). New York: Wiley.
go back to reference Sotiropoulos, V., & d’Astous, A. (2012). Social networks and credit card overspending among young adult consumers. Journal of Consumer Affairs, 46(3), 457–484. Sotiropoulos, V., & d’Astous, A. (2012). Social networks and credit card overspending among young adult consumers. Journal of Consumer Affairs, 46(3), 457–484.
go back to reference Sotiropoulos, V., & d’Astous, A. (2013). Attitudinal, self-efficacy, and social norm determinants of propensity to overspend on credit cards. Journal of Consumer Policy, 36, 179–196. Sotiropoulos, V., & d’Astous, A. (2013). Attitudinal, self-efficacy, and social norm determinants of propensity to overspend on credit cards. Journal of Consumer Policy, 36, 179–196.
go back to reference Wang, L., Lu, W., & Malhotra, N. K. (2011). Demographics, attitude, personality and credit card features correlate with credit card debt: A view from China. Journal of Economic Psychology, 32(1), 179–193. Wang, L., Lu, W., & Malhotra, N. K. (2011). Demographics, attitude, personality and credit card features correlate with credit card debt: A view from China. Journal of Economic Psychology, 32(1), 179–193.
go back to reference Warwick, J., & Mansfield, P. (2000). Credit card consumers: College students’ knowledge and attitude. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 17(7), 617–626. Warwick, J., & Mansfield, P. (2000). Credit card consumers: College students’ knowledge and attitude. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 17(7), 617–626.
go back to reference Watkins, J. P. (2000). Corporate power and the evolution of consumer credit. Journal of Economic Issues, 34(4), 909–932. Watkins, J. P. (2000). Corporate power and the evolution of consumer credit. Journal of Economic Issues, 34(4), 909–932.
go back to reference Webley, P., & Nyhus, E. K. (2001). Life-cycle and dispositional routes into problem debt. British Journal of Psychology, 92(3), 423–446. Webley, P., & Nyhus, E. K. (2001). Life-cycle and dispositional routes into problem debt. British Journal of Psychology, 92(3), 423–446.
go back to reference Webley, P., & Nyhus, E. K. (2008). Inter-temporal choice and self-control: Saving and borrowing. In A. Lewis (Ed.), The Cambridge handbook of psychology and economic behavior (pp. 105–131). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Webley, P., & Nyhus, E. K. (2008). Inter-temporal choice and self-control: Saving and borrowing. In A. Lewis (Ed.), The Cambridge handbook of psychology and economic behavior (pp. 105–131). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
go back to reference Xiao, J. J., Noring, F. E., & Anderson, J. G. (1995). College students’ attitudes towards credit cards. Journal of Consumer Studies, 19, 155–174. Xiao, J. J., Noring, F. E., & Anderson, J. G. (1995). College students’ attitudes towards credit cards. Journal of Consumer Studies, 19, 155–174.
go back to reference Xiao, J. J., Tang, C., Serido, J., & Shim, S. (2011). Antecedents and consequences of risky credit behavior among college students: Application and extension of the theory of planned behavior. Journal of Public Policy & Marketing, 30(2), 239–245. Xiao, J. J., Tang, C., Serido, J., & Shim, S. (2011). Antecedents and consequences of risky credit behavior among college students: Application and extension of the theory of planned behavior. Journal of Public Policy & Marketing, 30(2), 239–245.
go back to reference Yang, B., & Lester, B. (2001). Predicting the number of credit cards held by college students. Psychological Reports, 89, 667–668. Yang, B., & Lester, B. (2001). Predicting the number of credit cards held by college students. Psychological Reports, 89, 667–668.
go back to reference Zhang, J., & Kemp, S. (2009). The relationships between student debt and motivation, happiness, and academic achievement. New Zealand Journal of Psychology, 38(2), 24–29. Zhang, J., & Kemp, S. (2009). The relationships between student debt and motivation, happiness, and academic achievement. New Zealand Journal of Psychology, 38(2), 24–29.
Metadata
Title
Young Adults’ Attitudes Toward Borrowing
Authors
Amelie Gamble
Tommy Gärling
Patrik Michaelsen
Copyright Year
2019
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-13996-4_4