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Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation
Published in: Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation 3/2019

01-09-2019

A Calibration Technique for Ultrasonic Immersion Transducers and Challenges in Moving Towards Immersion Based Harmonic Imaging

Authors: Sunil Kishore Chakrapani, Daniel J. Barnard

Published in: Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation | Issue 3/2019

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Abstract

The present article describes the calibration of ultrasonic immersion transducers using reciprocity technique. A step-by-step procedure and instrumentation requirements for transducer calibration are presented. Challenges encountered during the calibration experiment such as diffraction and attenuation corrections, and mismatched electrical impedances were also explored. The calibrated transducer was used to measure the acoustic nonlinearity parameter (β) of distilled water using the finite amplitude method. The objective of the current study is to identify potential challenges while moving towards a nonlinear immersion scanning technique for immersed engineering solids. Challenges such as effect of additives (corrosion inhibitors, surfactants etc.), misalignment of transducers, and effect of longer propagation paths were explored. Additives to distilled water were found to decrease the β of the mixture, and for an axial transducer misalignment of 2 mm, β was observed to increase by a factor of 2. Finally, the effect of propagation distance and excitation amplitude is shown.
previous article Contextual Application of Pulse-Compression and Multi-frequency Distance-Gain Size Analysis in Ultrasonic Inspection of Forging
next article Single-Impact Nonlinear Resonant Acoustic Spectroscopy for Monitoring the Progressive Alkali–Silica Reaction in Concrete

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Metadata
Title
A Calibration Technique for Ultrasonic Immersion Transducers and Challenges in Moving Towards Immersion Based Harmonic Imaging
Authors
Sunil Kishore Chakrapani
Daniel J. Barnard
Publication date
01-09-2019
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation / Issue 3/2019
Print ISSN: 0195-9298
Electronic ISSN: 1573-4862
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10921-019-0613-6

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